242 



THE GENESEE FARMER. 



vance less convenient and more laborious, to raise 

 the water. This will be an additional expense. 

 But a cistern or tank above ground, built of wood, 

 say eight or ten feet high and six feet square, which 

 will hold, at a rough guess, over two thousand 

 gallons — well lined with lead, the roof tinned and 

 painted, with a trap door large enough to admit a 

 man — would doubtless be more expensive, but it 

 would be sure to hold water, would last at least a 

 quarter of a century, and from it the water could 

 be conveyed by pip.es into the kitchen, and if the 

 tank be elevated enough, into the chambers. In 

 any event, there would be no expense or labor in 

 getting the water. 



We have had such a tank in use for fifteen years, 

 and it has never cost us a dollar for repairs, nor 

 has it ever leaked a drop. 



PUKE AIR FOR MILK ROOMS. 



We know of nothing so sensitive to bad odors as 

 cream. It will absorb the gases given off from any 

 fermenting or decaying substance with great rapid- 

 ity. Every good dairyman knows how essential 

 is the most scrupulous cleanliness to success. But 

 it is not enough to keep the dairy and the vessels 

 clean and sweet. The air must be pure. Stagnant 

 water outside, or any decaying matter, will to a 

 certainty taint the cream and spoil the butter. 



We once visited a great barn in Massachusetts, 

 erected at a cost of tens of thousands of dollars 

 and designed by a scientific gentleman of some 

 reputation. Everything connected with it was on 

 a scale of magnificence rarely witnessed. The 

 dairy was elegant. The vessels for the reception 

 of the milk were cut in solid blocks of beautiful 

 marble. It was on the lower floor of the building, 

 and there w T as an ice house at one end. Nothing 

 pleasanter, nothing more beautiful. But alas, at 

 the other end of the dairy room there was — a ma- 

 nure cellar ! So that every time the door of the 

 dairy was opened the warm air would rush into 

 the cool dairy, and the consequence was that the 

 wealthy owner of the great barn and marble dairy, 

 purchased his butter from the less elegant but 

 sweeter dairies of his neighbors. 



The editor of the Country Gentleman has re- 

 cently visited some farms in Pennsylvania, and 

 furnishes another striking instance of the necessity 

 of pure air for the dairy. He says : 



" The spring-house, although intended only for 

 a dairy furnishing a home supply, was twenty feet- 

 square, and as clean as pure cold water, granite 

 rock, and a hard-burnt brick floor could make it. 

 A spring large enough to fill a two-inch augur hole 

 boiled up in a sort of artificial rocky cavern, and 

 flowing out, spread over the floor to a depth of 

 about two and a half inches. Walks of handsomely 

 dressed flagging above the water, gave ready access 

 to the pans standing in the crystal water. A 

 striking proof of the absolute necessity of pure 



air, as well as other requisites of cleanliness, for 

 success in butter making, was afforded by the acci- 

 dental deposit of a pile of manure some rods 

 distant, the fumes of which were occasionally 

 wafted by the wind towards the spring-house. For 

 a week, all the butter made was quite poor in 

 quality; when the cause was discovered and re- 

 moved, the butter was restored to its original 

 excellence." 



THE CEREALS AT THE GREAT INTERNATIONAL 

 EXHIBITION. 



Lord Poetman, President of the Royal Agricul- 

 tural Society of England, in a recent speech made 

 the following remarks in regard to the grain show 

 at the Great Exhibition : 



u It has been my duty to serve as one of the 

 jurors in the present International Exhibition, and 

 in the course of that duty I have had to form an 

 opinion on the agricultural products of the world, 

 First, we had to begin with the British exhibitors, 

 and 1 must say to my sorrow that I have no doubt 

 the jury will report that the cereal and leguminous 

 specimens sent to the International Show by the 

 British producers are neither well shown nor good 

 in quality. I ask why is that ? It is because, not 

 only in this Society but in the Royal Society like- 

 wise, we have for so many years devoted oui 

 attention so completely to the breed of animals and 

 the improvement of implements, that we have 

 neglected the cereals, not on our farms but for 

 exhibition ; and I fully believe that when the farm- 

 ers come to the International Exhibition and see 

 how badly the British farmers show themselves, 

 and how remarkably all other countries show them- 

 selves, in this respect, they will think that we in 

 our several districts and societies ought to resume 

 or re-establish prizes for cereal exhibitions as well 

 as for stock and implements. 



"Let me tell you that the finest exhibition of oats 

 is from Nova Scotia, and the finest sample of wheal 

 is from Australia, weighing 68 lbs. 7 or 8 ounces tc 

 the bushel, admirably exhibited and well prepared 

 for the miller. The best flour exhibited, in spite 

 of the French notion that D'Arbly flour is the besl 

 in the world, comes from Australia. It is wel 

 manufactured from the most beautiful wheat. 1 

 say then go to Nova Scotia and get a good cargc 

 of oats for seed. It is, however, I admit, cf little 

 use to go for our wheat to Australia, because sc 

 much of the excellence of its production depends 

 on the climate of that country. I do not think we 

 could get such wheat in this country. The Aus 

 tralians took their seed from us, and by the aid o 

 their climate have produced this most excellen 

 wheat. 



" The Zollverein is another part of the exhibi 

 tion which will be interesting to farmers. Th< 

 Zollverein includes various parts of Germany, anc 

 the exhibition of grain in that department is verj 

 good. The exhibition from Hungary in the Aua 

 trian department is also remarkably good, 

 noticed some most beautiful specimens of bean: 

 and peas from Brazil, probably better than tin 

 whole world could show. Thirty gradations o 

 these productions are shown. The Brazilians hav< 

 given me a few specimens as seed. I have sowi 

 them in my garden, and I hope I shall be able t( 

 tell you of the result at our next annual meeting.' 



