12 



NEW ENGLAND FARIMER, 



July 31, 1920. 



AGRICULTLRC. 

 Tlic fullowin;; roiiinrks mo made by the Editor 

 oftlie St John City (lazeltr, after cmimiTiitingtlie 

 miseries o!" tlio lower class of muiiufurtiircr^ in 

 Enghind at the present time : 



" That mamifaclnrcs, commerce, and enterprise, 

 have raised (treat JSritain to licr present stale of 

 greatness, and to iior liij,'h standing,' aiuoiif,' tlic 

 nations, there caTi hi- no doubt ; but that ihrro are 

 certain hniits to uhicli tticse can, profitably be 

 cxlcnih;d, and hryond which they not only cease 

 to be profitable, but become actually injurious, is 

 also evident. The ditliculty only is, to ascorlain 

 correctly what those funits are, and even after 

 tliey have been a.sccrtained to preserve tlicm. 



'• Were a duo erpiilibrium preserved, between 

 the productions and the wants of man, especially 

 in those articles which minister to the lu.xurics and 

 eli'jrancies of liti; ; and were the divisions of labor 

 in the production of lliesc, and the staple articles 

 of life better attPiulcd to, many of tlinse over- 

 whelming reverses, which !)ury the fortunes and 

 tlic hopes of thousands in their ruins, would there- 

 by be avoided. 



" To us it appears that ahliough the benefits of 

 manufactures, and commerce, arc astonishingly 

 great, and almost beyond calculation; still there is 

 Bomething, though not so splendid, yet absolutely 

 iijore solid, in agriculture ; and which we fear has 

 not been kej)t in sight so much as it should have 

 been in the mother country. If we are correctly 

 informed, there is now in Great Britain a quantity 

 of waste land capable of improvement, sufticient, 

 if cultivated, to jiroduce bread for its present vast 

 population ; and were it with us to devise a rem- 

 edy for the present, and to guard against future 

 distres.'', we should say, cultivate those wastes. 



" Had all the capital which, within a few years, 

 has been sunk in joint stock coniiianies, and bub- 

 bles, been appropriated to the melioration and cul- 

 tivation of those vast conitnoiis, how diflerent 

 would now be (he aspecj of affairs. A work of 

 that kind would furnish employment for thoitsands 

 of the laboring classes, while in progress, and pro- 

 duce bread for them forever after. And although 

 not so immediately, anj never .so highly produc- 

 tive, as highly prosperous commercial or manufac- 

 turing enterprise, yet moderately and substantial- 

 ly profitable, and always safe from those fluctua- 

 tions and uncertainties which are inseparable from 

 the other." 



Eztracls from a pamphld conlaininc; Proceedings of 



the Essex .Igricullurat Sociely. 



(Continued from page 5.) 



WILLIAM TliniLOW'S STATE.MENT. 



Ji statement of the Management and Produce of the 



Farm of h'itliam Thurlou; of H'esl A'eiotuci/, 

 in 1828. 



Tlic farm contains 150 acres, which is divided 

 in the following manner, vi/. : 



31 acres of mowing and tillage. 



'20 do of meadow, 8 acres of which is salt 

 marsh. 



48 acres of pasttire. 



22 do of orcharding, which is also improvcil as 

 a jiasturo for horses and sheep. 



23 acres of woodland. 



The produce of the mowing and tillage the 

 jiresent year, is as follows, viz : 



.'525 bushels of ei.r» of Indian corn, from 1 

 acres. 



106 bushels of wheal from acres. 



340 do of potatoes, from IjJ acres. 

 73 do of onions, from 21 rods. 

 35 tons of English hay. 



39 acres of meadow liay including that from 

 the salt marsh. 



The crop of wheat the present year w ith us, as 

 in many other jilaces, is U'ss than an avciago crop 

 — which I think is about 24 bushels to ihe acre. 



The produce of my orchard on an average 

 for the last 8 or 10 years, lias been from 6 to 

 600 barrels of winter apples, and 50 barrels of 

 cider. 



The stock wliich I kept on the farm on an av- 

 erage — is from 12 to 15 cows; 4 to (i oxen; 

 6 or 6 young cattle ; 2 hor.ses ; 20 sheep and 6 

 swine. 



Tlio produce of the dairy from twelve cows 

 has been as follows, viz : — Previous to the 20th 

 of j\Iay, 200 pounds of butter: from 20tli of May 

 to 20tli of July, 61 cheeses, weigliing on an aver- 

 age 25 lbs. each, . - . 1525 

 From July 20th to October 10th, 1475 



Total 3000 lbs. 



Since we finished making cheese the quantity of 

 butter will exceed 200 lbs. 



I manage my tillage in the foUowiiig manner 

 As soon as the cro]) of grass is taken off, I break 

 up my land, cross plough it in the spring ; then 

 spread on about 16 cart loads of manure to the 

 acre ; then idough again, and put eight loads in 

 the hills ; second year, two ploughings, sow down 

 to grass with a crop of wheat. I increase my 

 manure by mixing swamp mud which I cart on 

 to the upland in the summer, and let lie over win- 

 ter ; then mix it with the manure in the barn and 

 hog yards. The average quantily fiom the barn 

 yard is one hundred loads — from the hog yard 

 from thirty to forty loads. 



Cash paid for labor from November 1st, 1827, 

 to November 1st, 1828, is 127 dollars. 



The dairy and crops (excci>t ajiples and cider*) 

 about the same the last as the present year. 



WILLIAM TIIUKLOW. 



WeslXexohimj, Xov. 2S, 1828. 



STATEMENT OF JAMES PECKER. 



A statement of the Produce of the Farm of James 

 Pecker, of Jbneshury, in 1828. 

 The farm contains 43 1-2 acres, ten acres of 

 which is improved for mowing and tillage only — 

 the remaining 23 1-2 acres is improved as a pas- 

 ture. 



1 have raised on the ten acres tho present 

 year, — 



12 tons of English hay. 

 187 1-2 bushels of ears of Indian corn. 

 80 bushels of green peas — sold in the pod, and 

 averaged one dollar per bushel. 



30 bushels of barley — (besides the light grain.) 



12 1-2 bushels of rye. 



!} bushels of millet. 



1-2 a Ion of millet fodder. 



2 bushels of seed peas (shelled.) 

 2 bushels of beans. 



1 15 bushels of potatoes. 



The corn was raised on one acre and sixty- 

 seven rods of land. 



The peas were raised on 107 rods of land — 

 and the same ground has now a crop of turnips 



* 30 barrel! of apples ood 6 barreh orcidcr,the prowul year. 



on it, (which arc not yet pulled) of at least 12 

 bushels. 



I ploughed the ground and sowed the millet iin 

 mediately after the crop of bay was taken of 

 consequently that ground produced two crojit, ih 

 present year. 



On the ground which 1 tilled I spread on an. 

 ploughed in 25 cords of manure. 



The stock kept on the furni is one yoke of oxer 

 one horse, three cows, one heifer, eight shecj), an. 

 three swine. 



I have hired one man five months ami ten d.iy> 

 I have worked out myself 104 days, besides te 

 days marketing peas, and eleven days absent o 

 journies. My oxen have worked out 16 1-: 

 days. 



There lias not been a gallon of ardent spirit 

 drank in performing all the labor on mv farm. 

 JA31ES PECKER. 



•ii' 



r 



to: 

 itri 



Essex, ss. — October 20, 1828.— Personally ap 

 peared James Pecker, and made oath that th 

 above statement by him subscribed, is true, ac 

 cording to the best of his knowleilge and belief— 

 before me, LOWELL B-VGLEY. 



Justice of Ihe Peace. 



To the great farmer the foregoing stateiner 

 will apjiear small and insignificant, at the firt 

 glance ; but let it be compared with the net profit 

 of a large farm — with an eye to Ihe quality of thi 

 land, the expense of cultivation, and the qnantiti 

 of manure, and I think the balance will be founi 

 in favor of this. We have much better and niucl 

 larger farms in our town than this — farms of 101 

 and 150 acres, whose owners grow rich, and wh< 

 do not think of entering their farms lor a ]iremiun 

 — they are much jirejudiced against what the; 

 term '• book farming." But put those farmers oi 

 Pecker's farm, and they would starve, or at lea* 

 find it hard to obtain a bare support from its proi 

 iluce ; whereas I have not the least doubt myseh 

 that Pecker lays up something handsome, annual 

 ly, btisides supporting his family. 



I am, with respect, vours, 



LOWELL BAG LEY. 



Hon. A. T. Newiiall, ) 



Col. D. Adams, &c. i 



This certifies, that I measured the land whicl 



-Air Pecker cultivated the last year, and the con 



tents as described in the foregoing stati incnt i- 



correct. LOWELL BAGLEY. 



(To be continued. 



THE SANDWICH WOLF. 



The Barnstable Journal gives many particular.- 

 I or 5 columns) concerning the wolf lately killed 

 in Sandwich, in this Stale, of which the following 

 is an abslracl. A great |)roporiiun of Plymoiiih. 

 Sandwich, Barnstable, and Falmouth is slill cover- 

 ed with forest, and this forest land is connocteil 

 logeiher so as to form one extensive unruliivated 

 region, which affords a wide range for deer and 

 iither animals. The iiihabitanis of these towns 

 are not su exclusively seamen as is eominoiily 

 ihonght ; the greater part ore farmer.-", who get 

 their living out of the ground ; one of the princi- 

 |i.il object.; of their attenlioii is sheep, which they 

 . I rive into ihc woods after shearing, w here ihe an- 

 imals fiiiil sullicieiil t'ood during the suninier. In 

 1S27, many sheep were found dead in tho w-oods 

 iiiuch mutilated about tho throat, and some were 

 found wounded, but not killed ; at length, thn 

 tracks of some uuknown animal wore discovered, 



