Vol. VIII.— No. 4. 



Aug. 22, 

 ' 29, 



Sept. 5, 

 ' 12, 

 ' 19, 

 ' 24,* 



Total 48 5 



-^ Yesterday morning, 5 days. 

 Tliis licil'ef again took bull the 14th day of June 

 I exhibit her as an animal remarkable for 

 ! beauty of her form and exact proportions. 



E. MOSELEY. , 



AND HORTICULTURAL JOURNAL. 



29 



MPLE METHOD OE DESTROYING THE 

 HESSIAN FLY. 



f'A.s the wheat crop this season has, in some 



't ices, suffered considerable damage from the de- 

 uctive effects of this insect, we are liappy to be 

 ablcd, by a valuable and obliging correspou- 

 nt, to publish the following directions for de- 

 oying it. 



The Hessian Fly deposits its eggs on the wheat 

 r before it is reaped ; th? egg is so small as to 

 invisible to the naked eye, but may be very dis- 

 ctly seen with a microscope ; sometimes one 

 ain of wheat will bo observed to have several 

 these eggs on it. They are attached .to the 

 leat by a glutinous substance, deposited around 



" sm, by the parent fly, by which they are held so 

 inly on the surface, as not to be easily removed 

 the motion of reaping, threshing, &c. Short- 

 after the seeds begin to germinate in the soil, 

 3 genial heat of the season brings the young fly 



" )m its egg in the form of a very sinail maggot 

 i is the case with all insects) : these little mag- 

 tj deposit themselves at the root of the stalk 

 the seed of which the eggs had been attached ; 

 twecn the stem and the lowest blade or leaf, 

 liere they may be discovered during the month 

 May and beginning of June quietly reposing : 

 re they remain luitil the warmth of the season 

 ings them to maturity, when they connnence 

 ', the sub.stance to which they have been at- 

 ched. It is not until this period that their de- 

 uctive effects are visible, by the wheat becoming 

 ithcred and blighted. This accounts for the 

 ct that wheat, which is attacked by this dc- 

 ructive insect, presents a healthy ap])carance in 

 e month of June, the period at which the em- 

 ■yo-fly begins to use food. 



Now it is evident that if the eggs of this fly can 

 ! destroyed on the seed wheat, by any process 

 at will not also destroy the vegetable quality of 

 rain, the ruinous effects will be avoided. — 

 his can be done by the following very S!in[)!e 

 oress — " Soak the seed wheat in water for 

 vclvc hours ; s|)read it out on the barn Soor, so 

 I to allow the superabundant water to escape 

 len take fresh slacked lime and mix it among 

 le wheat in quantity sufficient to have every grain 

 ■)vered with the lime, taking care to stir the 

 heat well v/ith a shovel, so that no particle may 

 icape coming in full contact with the lime, which, 

 hen thus applied, will in a short time destroy 

 le eggs, and consequently preserve the grain 

 om destruction." 



Our correspondent assures us that the egg, 

 'hich before the application of the lime appears 

 lear and transparent, afterwards becomes opaque, 

 nd puts ou the appearance of an addled egg. — 

 'he efficacy of the above remedy has been estah- 

 shed by several experiments, one of which we 



will heie relate. Wheat supposed to be infested 

 by the Hessian fly, was taken, one half of the 

 quantity treated with lime, and the other half was 

 sown in the same soil with the prepared, in alter- 

 nate il rills ; the result was that every stalk from 

 the prepared seed came to maturity and was pro- 

 ductive, whilst the alternate drills which had been 

 sown with unprepared seed, were almost totally 

 destroyed. 



The above remedy for so serious an evil cannot 

 be too widely circulated — we would recommend 

 its translation into the French papers, and we 

 think tlie Cm-es of the country parishes would 

 confer a benefit on the parishioners, by having it 

 made known at their respective church doors, 

 after divine service. — Canadian Couranl. 



BLACK WALNUT. 



The Boston Traveller describes this majestic 

 tree and its uses. The timber is valuable for its 

 durability, strength, tenacity, and fineness of grain, 

 and is extensively used in the arts. Its lightness, 

 strength, and beauty render it preferable to other 

 timber for the stocks of muskets, for which pur- 

 pose it is almost exclusively used in the United 

 States Armories. It is used where it is a natm-al 

 production, for cabinet work, po;ts set in the 

 ground, hubs of wheels, naval architecture, and 

 in Philadelphia is the common material for cof- 

 fins. The Traveller says the fruit frequently 

 grows to the size of 7 or 8 inches in circumfer- 

 ence, but we never saw any more than 6 inches. 

 It is round, and the external husk is thick and un- 

 divided like that of the butternut ; the kcrntl is 

 sWL-et and agreeable in its taste, though not much 

 if any, superior to the butternut. 



The Traveller says this tree may bo seen here 

 and there in New England, producing a luxuriant 

 growth and an abundance of fruit. The oiUy 

 tree of this, species, that we ever saw in this vi- 

 cinity, was obtained in the following manner. — 

 Ten years ago, the present editor of this paper 

 picked up a black walnut uniler a stately tree 

 growing on the rich bottom lands of Grande 

 River, in Painesville, Ohio ; brought it home u)id 

 planted it in November. It sprouted and grew 

 two or three feet the next season, and is now a 

 handsome little tree, and bids fair to be a large 

 one. It reseirddes a butternut tree, as do those in 

 the Western States, especially when young. — 

 Hnmp. Gaz. 



HEMP. 



This is a luxuriant vegetable ; there are niany 

 stalks in this town nine or ten feet high, and some 

 about twelve feet. In some fields, however, the 

 plants have hardly risen so many inches. The 

 experience of hemp growers this season will con- 

 vince them that rich mellow soils are necessary 

 for this crop. Those who hav* sown their seed 

 on exhausted land, or on turf land in the mead- 

 ows, ploughed in June, will be disappointed. 



Loudon remarks that hemp sometimes grows 

 to the height of six or seven feet in England, and 

 quotes from a foreign writer who states that he 

 has seen it from sixteen to eighteen feet high in 

 the Bolognese territory in Italy. Perhaps these 

 foreign feet are shorter than English ; the state- 

 ment in the Edinburgh Encyclopedia respecting 

 Italian hemp is as follows : — " In. the neighbor- 

 hood of Bologna, hemp grows to the remarkable 

 height of twelve or thirteen feet, and has been 

 mistaken by travellers for plantations of young 

 ash trees." 



Hemp is almost the only plant employed in ag- 

 riculture, in which the male and female flowers 

 are on different plants ; this circumstance has 

 some influence on its culture and management — 

 Loudon says that when it is grown for both fibre 

 and seed, it is the usual practice to pull the male 

 plants as soon as the seed is set in the others. — 

 The male plants are known by their yellowish 

 hue and faded flowers. The female plants re- 

 quire tour or five weeks (in Englaml) to ripen their 

 seeil. — Ibid. 



An old man's day's work. — On the 27th of Jifly, 

 Mr Solomon Pomeroy, of Easthampton, aged 77 

 years 7 months, reaped one acre and one rod of 

 rye, and raked and loaded two loads of hay. He 

 used no ardent spirits — Ibid. 



From ilic Long Island Star. 



PEACH TREES. 



Mr Spooner — A communication appeared in 

 your paper last spring on the subject of the Peach 

 Tree. The writer appeared to be of o])inion that, 

 the diseases of the peach trees were produced by 

 the Lombardy Poplars, and in support of his opin- 

 on stated, that the peach trees of our country 

 liecame diseased slsortly after the introduction of 

 tlie poplar. 



The diseases c-f our peach, plum, and cherry 

 trees are progressing from the south to the north. 

 Our peach, plum, and cherry trees became dis- 

 eased shortly after the introduction of the poplar, 

 but that the poplar caused those diseases is indeed 

 very douht.ld. 



We also have citizens who are of opinion, that 

 .he worms which destroy the honey in our bee 

 hives, have then- origin in the poplar trees^ this 

 also is very doubtful. Like causes are said to 

 produce like cfttjcts. If the poplar trees producs 

 the evils which are thus ascribed to those trees, 

 then they should be destroyed without delay, but, 

 before we form a conclusive opinion on this sub- 

 ject, we ought to know with certainty, how far 

 the destructive iniluencc of the poplar trees will 

 extend, and also, whether a diseased tree, will net 

 infect other trees of the same kind, wilh the same 

 disease. 



That our peach trees have been destroyed by 

 the influence of some unknown cause, is certain. 

 That, unless the disease may be carried in the 

 stone itself to distant lands, or the poplar extend 

 its baneful influence above twenty miles, then tha 

 [:o])lar is not the cause of the injuries ascribed 

 to it. 



That poj)lar trees do not produce the disease in 

 the peach trees, or the worms in the bee hives, 

 appears evident to me from the following facts. — 

 Because, peach trees are diseased in the State of 

 New York (in my opinion) far beyond the destruc- 

 tive agency of the poplar, and worins are also pro 

 duced in the bee hives in the same region. In 

 travellinsr in the western part of the state of New 

 York, from Utica to Rochester, thence by the 

 ridge road to Levviston ; thence to Buflalo, and 

 from Buffalo to Alexander, Middlebury, Genesse, 

 Bloonifield, Canandaigna, Geneva, Hopelon, and 

 Pennyan, very few poplars are seen. Still the 

 peach trees in this region are diseased, and to ap- 

 pearances in a few years will be gone. And 

 those persons who have turned their attention to 

 the honey bee, frequently find their hopes blasted 

 by the destructive honey worm. 



We have seen peach trees diseased above 20 



