VOL. VIII. 



BOSTON, FRIDAY, OCTOBER 16, 1829. 



No. 13. 



AGRICULTURE. 



FOR THE NEW ENGLAND FARUKR. 



FOR THE NEW ENGLAND FARMER. 



ciis, exposed to the light of tlie suti, yield oxyge- 

 nous gas, [vital or pure air! and this opinion has 

 FRAXINIJS ORNUS, OR FLOWERING ASH. | i.^en adopted, wc helieve, by the chemists of all 

 This grows to he a tree of considerable size ;: n.^tions. Sir. Humphrey Daw observed that 

 the foliage is of a fine green, and each leaf has \ .. \v|,(;„ a grG^\ ing plant, the roots of which are 

 lliree or four pair of foholcs ; the flowers are | supplied with proper nourishment, is exposed in 

 white, and are produced in May, in large hunches ; ,|,c presence of solar light, to a given quantity of 



WILD PLUM. 



l^M. Prince, Esq. 



Sir — I select you as the most proper person to 

 Jhom to present the accompanying package of j at the ends of the branches. They do not present j atmospherical air, contiiining its tfue proportion of 

 ild plum stocks. The accompanying note makes ;> K»'idy dress, hut exhibit themselves in a loose, carbonic acid [fixed or foul air] the carbonic acid 

 designation, but I select. If they will he of j easy ""inner on all the shoots ; and, with the green 



ly service to you, or to horticulture, I shall be 

 ippy in presenting them to you. 



Yours, respectfuHv, 



AMBROSE STEVENS. 

 New York, April 30, 1829. 



[Ill sscriplionby J. W. Stevens, of Genesee, N. Y. 

 who transinitled them to Ambrose Stevens, to 

 be presented to some Horticulturist. 

 " The Genesee larger wild plum is not subject 

 be affected by worms in the roots. It is an ex- 

 lleift stock for peaches, plums, &c. into which 

 ey may he successfully budded in the proper 



\ ison (.lune.) It is among the hardiest of forest 



'« ies, and very prohfic : propagating itself most 

 undantly by the roots. I have peaches and 



li urns growing luxuriantly upon it. I have not 



"fe botanical name." 



N. B. The trees are growing well, and aiipcar 

 be a variety of the Prunus Americana of Pursh 

 synonymous with the Nigra of some authors — 

 which I had some years since discovereil the 

 hie, and have now about 20,000 regularly inoc- 

 ited in my Nursery. W. P. 



Linnean Gai-di-n, Oei. 15, 1829. 



leaves pee()ing through this bloom, make the ap- 

 pearance particularly pleasing. It is not, p-erhaps. 



a^"ter a certain time, is destroyed, and a certain 

 (juantity of o.xygen is found in its place. If new 

 quantities of carbonic acid gas be sui)plied the 



t-cnerally known that this tree, when in flower, ' same result occurs; so that carbon is added to 

 ■itrikmgly resembles the Chionanthus or White ; [,|a„ts fi-om il,c air, by the process of vegetation 

 Fringe tree in appearance, the flowers being of the in the sunshine; and oxygen is added to the at- 

 saine character, and produced in a similar manner, i mosphere. 



Kit in far larger clusters. As the Chionanthus is j « This circiu.istance is proved by a number of 

 sometimesinjuredinourmostnorthernclimates—: experiments, made by Dr's Priestlev, Iauen- 

 tais beautiful Ash offers an admirable substitute, ; „ousz and WooDHOUSE,and M. T. de Saussure ; 

 ai it supports the severest cold, and flourishes : ,„any of which I have repeated with similar re- 

 \\ith as little care as the most common trees of s„its. The absorption of carbonic acid gas, and 

 oir woods— it is yet very seldom met with in ! the production of oxygen are performed' by the 



.American gardens. 

 Oct. 13, 1S29. 



TRANSPLANTING TREES. 



Ur Fessenden — I contemplate setting out ap- 

 ple trees for an orchard this fall. — Much has been 



sail, about transplanting trees. I wish you would ; f]yij|J in the ceIN of tli 



ha.e the goodness to inform me through the me- I . , /■-i i r j ■. ■ c .i • . .i . 



,. ,. " , = ! part of the leaf ; and it is from this part that oxv- 



d! Ill or your paper, what season of t le vear voii • i i j • .i n- i 



' -' '. -oojii ui j.cai yuit jgj,,j g.jg jg produced during the presence of light. 



M. Sennebier Ibiind tiiat the leaf, from which the 

 epidermis was stri])ped off, continued to produce 



leaf; and le!av.v recently separated from the tree 

 effect the ch'«Hif;e, wlien confined in portions of 

 air containing carbonic acid : and absorb carbonic 

 acid and produce oxygen even when immersed 

 ill water holding carbonic acid in solution. 



" The carbonic acid is probably absorbed by the 

 reeu or jiarenchyinatous 



cowfuler best for the purpose, spring or fall. 

 Wo:ild the trees live if it were done when the 

 ground is frozen ? 



Yoiii-s, respectfully. 

 , ^s-w/ieW, Con., Oct". 5, 1839.-^^ 



B. 



:i J. B.JIUSSELL, 



Dear Sir — 1 think it proper to notice some 

 ints relative to certain plants, which, from not 

 generally known to Horticulturists, oftei 

 (,|iise misconceptions — and if you consider them 

 sufficient importance, I will notice similar vari- 

 ous, as time may permit, in as few words is 

 ssible, as my engagements will not allow me to 

 ite very fully on the subject. 

 The Robinia viscosa, or Pale Red flowering A^a- 

 , (sometimes called Pur[)le Acacia) the first sea- 

 * 1 it is transplanted, generally produces very )ale 

 wers, sometimes nearly white, and resumes the 

 [ural color the ensuing year, when established 

 its new i)osition. 

 4 Blackish and deep purple Roses, of the hardy 

 ids, frequently produce flowers that are only 

 the first season, and attain tlieir proper color 

 1*1 next year, as above stated. 



The Double White flowering Hawthorn pro- 

 les flower^,; which, at expansion, are white, but 



mge to reil and purple aftersvards Thence 



ne persons who have seen it in the latter stages 



Ilk they have seen a Double Red flowering one, 



-! I send to Nurseries for the Red or Scarlet one, 



•a ich is only a single Jlowering vai'iuty. It thence 



'Iiues that their own niisconceixion leads to a 

 loosed error of the person from whom they ob- 

 led it. 



Yours, respectfully. 

 Unnean Botanic Garden, i WM. PRINCE. 

 ' October 7, 1829. I 



OR THE NEW ENGLAND FARMER. 



INFLUENCE OF TREES IN PURIFYING 

 AIR. 



Among the supposed causes of the prevalence 

 of contagious diseases in a certain village, was. 



oxygen when placed in water, containing carbo- 

 nic acid g;i^jjjii5ii'.;.he globules of air rose from the 

 denuded pa'iviicliy'ma ; and it is shown both from 

 the experiments of Sennebier and Wooilhouse, 

 tliat the leaves most abundant in parcncjiyiiiatous 

 parts |)roduce most oxygen in water impregnated 

 with carbonic acid. 



" Some few plants* will vegetate in an artificial 

 atmosphere, consisthig principally of carbonic 



the removal at once of a coiisiilerable number of 1 1<^'''> 'I'l^' '"""y ^^'1' f('"w some time in air, con- 

 forest trees, thus preventing the absorption of nn- 1 '"'"'Hb f'*^"" "'"^"''^'f to one-ihiiil ; but they are 

 wholesome exhalations from decomposed vegeta- j '1"^ so healthy as when su])|,ried with smaller quan - 

 ble substance.*, which before were either inhaled i titles of this elastic substaiiee. 

 or neutralized by these tree.s. From one reflec- | " Plants exposed to light have been found to 

 tion to another, I was led to wish that erperiments \ produce oxygen gas in an elastic medium, and in 

 might be made in green houses of the effects of ! ""itPi") containing no carbonic acid gas ; but in 

 different degrees of miasmata, produced by the I <]n^ntities much smaller than when carbonic acid 

 decomposition of various vegetable and animal S?'^ wi^ l""6!'ent. 



substances — choosing among the vegetable sub- I " I" tl"* ''aik no oxygene gas is jiroduced by 

 stances those producing aroma. | plants, whatever be the elastic medium to vviiich 



Among your readers there may be some one | they are exposed ; and 4io carbonic acid absorbed, 

 who has leisure and 0[)portunity to try the experi- 1 1" 'no*'' cases, on the contrary, oxygen ga.s, if it 

 ment on fruits and flowers. If not, the article 1 ^f present, is absorbed, and carbonic acid gas is 

 may be copied into other journals, and at last find Produced 



one person curious enough to try the experiment, 

 and willing to communicate its results. 



On the above theory, may we not account for 

 the luxuriant vegetation found in.some spots, where 

 the soil is ajiparently destitute of nourishment ? 

 And may it not account for the vegetation form- 

 ing on the lava, thrown out of the craters of 

 Italy .' W. 



Remarks by the Editor. — Dr Priestley made a 

 number of experiments, which led him toroncliide 

 that growing vegetablcs,under certain circumstan- 



In the changes that take jilace in the compo- 

 sition of the organized parts, it is probable that 

 saccharine conqioiinds are principally formed du- 

 ring the ab.seiice of light ; gnm, woody fibres, oils; 

 and resins, during its presence ; and the evolution 

 of carbonic acid gas, or its formation during the 

 night may be necessary to give greater solubility 

 to certain compounds in the plant. I once sus- 

 pected that all the carbotiic acid gas produced by 



nf..nn<l Ihpflr, 

 cid, wiiich was i 



rn tfiiniifolitx to produce oxygen in < 

 I'ly pure. 



