Vol. VIII.— No. 13- 



AND HORTICULTURAL JOURNAL. 



101 



thy of their accepthiice or cultivation; an en- 

 •tened ])iihhc has seen them. 

 j>h>nte(l two acres of it last spring, and will 

 nt again this fall : but if the results of my ex- 

 ments, or opinions, should prove to be at vari- 

 e with that of others, let them piibli.-h their? — 

 ,vill enable the agricultural societies of the 

 '» ntry to gather all the facts, and bring the sub- 

 to a proper focus. With the hope of its siic- 

 , I have the honor to remain 

 Your ob't luunblc servant. 



THOMAS GIMBREDE. 

 Professor of Draiving, U. S. M. Academy. 



' 'rinciph of Life in Seeds. — Sometime ago, the 

 isian Ilorticultmal Society proposed the fol- 

 ing question : — "Is it true that the seeds of the 

 on and cucumber are more ju-oductive after 

 ing been kept for some years ? " In most of 

 answers it was said that the seeds of the pre- 

 ng year produced more leaves, but not so ma- 

 ruitful flowers. Some who made experiments, 

 d of obtaining any plants from seeds more 

 12 years old. A gentleman of Drebken oil- 

 ed fruit of large size and excellent flavor from 

 s that had been kept 20 years. In Berlin, 

 same result was obtained. Voss, head gar- 

 er of Sans Souci, planted, Feb. 7, 1827,24 

 Is of a Spanish melon raised in 1790, from 

 h he obtained S fruitful jilants. — Rochester 

 ublican. 



NEW Er^GLAND FARMER. 



Ifi OSTON, FRIDAY, OCTOBER 16, 1829. 



DOMESTIC MANAGEMENT. 



oung farmers, beginning housekeeping, are 



III to sink too great a proportion of their capital 



irniture, riding horses, carriages, &c. and often 



up to, or beyond their income. Farmers, to 



ure, should live quite as well as other men, of 



same property ; and they have the means of 



ig better than others, possessing the same 



linal income, so far as the substantial comforts 



fe are concerned. But small savings are of 



tl) it coMsecpience to persons just setting out in 



A cent a ilay, is $3,65 a year. — Ten cents 



,|ky, (a moderate allowance for dram drinkers,) 



fj|iore than $36 a year. A prudent farmer will 



lij veil, every cent he lays out for trifles relating 



jii is daily expenditures which* can be dispensed 



, without an essential abridgment of his coin- 



i|[^, to calculate, in his own mind, what that sum 



Id aniDUiit to in a year. The aggrej^ate will 



reater than he could have anticipate<l without 



lid of arithrni'tic. In regard to expense of 



lekeeping, it is observed by Sir John Sinclair 



" the safest plan is, not to sufl>;r it to exceed 



lo^rtain sum for bought articles, weekly. An an- 



sum shoidil be allotted for clothing, and the 



onal expenses of the farmei", his wife and 



iJlren, which ought not to be exceeded. The 



le allotted expense, should be consiilerabK 



in the probable receipts ; and if possible, one- 



th of the income annually received, shoidd be 



up for contingencies, or expended in extra 



iJrovements on the farm." 



,11 '6 



PLANTING FRUIT TREES. 



efl Wards the last of this month, you may gen- 

 « ly transplant most kinds of fruit trees, but not 



till after they have shed their leaves. This, ac- 

 cording to M'Mahon, may also be done to advan- 

 tage during the whole of next month, if the sea- 

 son continues open, provided the groimd in whicli 

 you plant be dry, and does not lodge water in the 

 winter months ; and likewise suflicicnt pains be 

 taken to make each tree fast in its ])tace, by nail- 

 ing or binding it in such a tnanner as not to be 

 rocked about by the winds : otherwise spring 

 planting, if done early in March, [or April in New 

 England] will be more successful particularly for 

 the peach, nectarine, and almond. 



Perhaps the best mode of dealing with fruit 

 trees is that practised by Elias Phinney, Esq. of 

 Lexington, Mass. one of the most succesful culti- 

 vators in New England. In his reply to certain 

 queries of the Hon. Mr Lowell, and others, con- 

 stituting a Committee of the Massachusetts Agri- 

 cultural Society, published in the N. E. Farmer, 

 vol. vi. page 122, Mr Phinney observes," Most of 

 my trees were taken from the nursery in Novem- 

 ber, the roots jdaced in trenches, and covered with 

 dirt until the following s])ring. This was done to 

 avoid the necessity of setting them out before the 

 ground had become warm and dry. Ifleft in the 

 nursery till spring, they are seldom or never taken 

 up until the sap has begun to flow. When re- 

 moved after this takes place, the check occasioned 

 by the removal, if not fatal to the tree, often in- 

 jures its future growth. The best time to take up 

 trees is, unquestionably when the sap is least ac- 

 tive. If taken up late in autumn, and the roots 

 secured from the sun and air, they may he kept 

 with perfect safety until the midille of May, and 

 planted out at this time with proper care, and as 

 near the surface as possible, vegetation commences 

 almost instantaneously : they will not require to be 

 supported by stakes, and willgrownearly as nmch 

 the first, as in any future year." 



The following was intt^iuletl for the last paper, but deferrerl 

 in order to make room for articles relating to the Brighton Cat- 

 tle Show, &c. 

 GARDENER'S WORK FOR OCTOBER. 

 Gardeners are too apt to suspend the use of the 

 hoe, and other means of keeping the upper hand 

 of weeds too early in autumn. In consequence of 

 this piece of negligence, purslane, pigweed, couch 

 grass, and other vegetable intruilers, give a very 

 troublesome practical exemjtlification of the old 

 adage, that " Lazij folks take the most pains." Eve- 

 ry weed which escapes extirpation, becomes the 

 parent of a numerous progeny of pestiferous plants, 

 which spring up like the heads of the Hydra of 

 fabulotis lore, and monopolize the soil at the ex- 

 pense of everything which is good for anything. 

 Let, therefore, the provident tiller recollect, that a 

 scratch of his hoe in time, will save nine. But, 

 we will give a little rhyming, (not poetrvl on this 

 subject, with the hope that the similarity of 

 sounds, at the close of our couplets, will aid the 

 memory of those for whose use the maxims are 

 intended. 



Since the best way of weedins; 



Is to prevent weeds from seeding, 



The least prncr.is!ination 



or any operation 



To prevent the semination 



Of noxious vegetation 



Is a source of tribulation. 



And this, in truth, a fact is, 



Which gardeners ought |.. p-r,clice, 



And tillers shnul.l remember, 



From April to December. 



FOR THE NEW ENGLAND FARMEK. 



NOTICE OF THE "SYLVANGE VERTE" 



PEAR IN ENGLISH, THE " GREEN SYLVANGE." 



Mr Editor — By some accident I omitted in 

 my publication last spring, any proper notice of 

 this admirable pear, perhaps one of the greatest 

 acquisitions we have made ; of which, however, 

 my horticultural friends will judge from the fol- 

 lowing facts and history. 



I received scions only of this pear, from Mr 

 Knight, \iuder the name of" Sijlvanche verte d'hy- 

 t'fr," whicli means "Green winter Sylvanche." — 

 Mr Knight's name for the pear was erroneous, 

 as the Ibllowing history will shew, and it will not 

 bo extraordinary to cultivators who know how 

 soon names become changed, owing to the igno- 

 rance and carelessness of gardeners, but, certain- 

 ly not Mr Knight's carelessness. Before I give 

 the account of the origin of this valuable pear, I 

 will simply state its history, since its arrival here. 

 I divided the scions, (for 1 had no tree) between 

 myself and Mr Parsons. I had forgotten where I 

 inserted them, but he had preserved the labels. 

 Last year I had three very extraordinary jiears, of 

 great size and uncommon excellence, and was at a 

 loss what to call them. J gave one of them to 

 S. DoWNEB, Esq. of Dorchester, who tasted it, 

 when ripe, and admired its qualities. 1 thought, 

 also, that it was a jiear of first rate excellence. 

 This year, I had a peck of them of great size, and 

 so unpromising in appearance, that an observer 

 would suppose them to be a baking pear only. 

 Just at this moment, yesterday, 1 received from 

 Mr Parsons, the same pear, identical in form and 

 a])pearance, and scientific description, assuring 

 me that he received it, as the " Sylvanche verte 

 d'hyver" from me as sent by Mr Knight. This 

 led of course to an examination of all the accounts 

 of the Sylvanche pear, audit resulted in perfect 

 knowledge, that it is the " Sylvange verte," a native 

 pear of France, growing near Verdun, a town fa- 

 mous for the residence of many hundred English 

 prisoners, seized by Bonajtarte on the breaking 

 out of the war in 1802. 



I sttbmitthe following account from the London 

 Horticultuial Transactions, vol. v. p. 429, given 

 in a letter from Mons. Charles Francis Pierabd, 

 a corresponding member of said Society. 



" There are three varieties of Sylvange pears. 

 They derive their name from a smtill village of 

 that name near Verdun." We shall copy only 

 what he s.iys of the " Sylvange verte." 



" Of the Sylvanges, the Green is much prefera- 

 ble, and ought to find a place in every good gar- 

 den. It is a miildling sized pear [with us in 

 America tin enormous one] vai-ying in its form. — 

 It is usuttlly flattened towards the head, rounded 

 towards the stalk, or terminated by a very blunt 

 point. The fruit is a little svvoln towards the mid- 

 dle, and irrigular in its outline ; the skin is of a 

 bright green on the shaded side, of a dark green 

 and he.'^piinkled v\it'i gray spots on the exposed 

 side, — the whole of the skin is rough. anti marked 

 with large black i r gray spots, — the stalk is short, 

 slender, and placed oliI:(|uely in the fruit, by the 

 side of a slight elevation, — the eye is small, and 

 lies in a slightly depressed cavity, the edge of 

 which is studded with several kiioh.=, — the flesh 

 is sensibly green near the skin, wliite in the centre, 

 sofr, saccharine, ajid of a peculitirly agreetible 

 flavor. .-1 



"Thi' Green Sylvange ripens in October, and 

 keejis till the end of December. — Besides the ad- 



