NEW ENGL,AWI> FARMER. 



Published by John B. Russell, at JVo. 52 JVorth Market Street, (at the Jlgricultural M^arehouseJ—TuoyiAS G. Fessenden, Editor. 



VOL. VIII. 



BOSTON, FRIDAY, OCTOBER 23, 1829. 



No. ]4. 



AGRICULTURE. 



FOR THE NEW ENGLAND FARMER. 



SOY BEAN. 

 \.s this plant thrives well in this climate, and 

 fects its seeds, it may not, perhaps, be amiss to 

 something of its use and history. It is an an- 

 il Bean, not much unlike those we commonly 

 tivate, with an erect stem, showing a slight ten- 

 icy to twine at the summit only ; the flowers 

 very small for the germs, and reddish in axil- 

 r clusters ; the legumes are pendulous, hispid 

 h brown bristly hairs, with which the whole 

 nt is more or less clothed — these pods contain 

 ■?r three beans when mature, almost of a choco- 

 brown, and somewhat smaller than any geu- 

 lly cultivated in this country. It belongs to 

 genus Dolichos (D. SojaJ which also affords 

 several other edible legumes. It is said to be 

 igeiioiis to India and Japan, where, as well as 

 3hina and Cochin-China, it is very generally 

 ivated for food, and probably preferred for its 

 at productiveness. A single bean produced, 

 perfectly ripened with us at the Botanic Gar- 

 , 182 pods with 2 to 3 beans in each. Wheth- 

 n this country, where so many fine legumes } 

 cultivated, it might be esteemed for food, is 

 btful ; the experiment may easily be made, 

 its principal recomnienilation at present in 

 r as a luxury, aflx)rding the well known sauce 

 ed Soy, which at this time is only prepared is 

 na and Japan — that of the latter country be- 

 usually preferred. The mode of obtaining 

 sauce, is said to be as follows: — 

 fler the seeds are boiled until they become 

 they arc mixed with an equal weight of 

 sat or barley flour coarsely ground. This mix- 

 is fermented, and a certain proportion of salt 

 water being added, the whole is allowed to 

 id for two or three months, care being taken to 

 it everyday ; and by the end of that time it is 

 ly for use. Its composition then appears to be 

 eclly harmless, which cannot be said of many 

 ',r sauces ; and among the Asiatics it is con- ' 

 red beneficial in promotin;r an appetite. 

 Yours, respectfully, 



THOMAS NUTTALL. 

 lUfotanic Garden, Cambridge, Oct. 14, 1829. 



VEGETABLES AND FRUITS. 



Russell — 



>EAR Sir — I have sent to your care, by the 



p Diamond, one barrel and one box for the 



isachusetts Horticultural Society. The barrel 



tains, on the marked end. Kidney, or Foxite ; 



re. Apples, and lower end, Pink eye Potatoes. 



ive other fine kinds, which I could not get at 

 J leniently. I cultivate your Chenango under 



name of Mercer.[?] I class them as No. 5 in 

 1 litv. Try the several kinds. They are a fair 



pie of my crop of 1500 bushels. I send them 



luse I did not eat a good potato in or about 



ton. 

 1! 'he box contains, for the examination of the 



amittee to settle the nomenclature of fruit, 



pies, generally two, of 



1. The Swaar, Jine, in eating January and Feb- 



ruary, and true. 



2. Greenwich. 



3. New Pearmain. 



4. E.sopus Spitzenburgh — true. 



6. Yellow Pippin. 6. Boston Russet, (supposed 



Roxbury. 



7. Winne's Everlasting, said to be fine in June, 



8. &c. Pearmain — by some supposed to be the 



Winne, (fair.) 



9. Guise, of Dutch origin, and by some esteemed. 



10. Newton Spitzenburgh — true. 



11. FallPippin~<n<e. 12. Yellow Newton Pippin. 



13. Chance, a seedling— said to be superior to 



Esopus Spitzenburgh, for pies, &c. 



14. Scek-no-further. 



15. Randall's Favorite — a seedling from Randall's 



Island. 



16. Golden Pippin, (so called) a new apple. 



17. Maiden's Blush — tnie. 18. Bramble or Cider. 

 19. John — not true. 20. R. I. Greening. 

 21. Wellington, from London Horticultural Soci- 

 ety— ^picked prematurely. 



22 and 32. Downtou Pippin, from do. 



23. Van Schaick — a seedling. 



24. Pumpkin Sweeting — true. 



25. Doublful. 



26. Black— doubtful. 



27. Harrison — true. The Newark cider apple. 



28. Doubtful. 



29. do. 



30. Autumn Superb pear — thus named for want 



of a knowledge of its true name. The on- 

 ly one that grew this season. It came 

 from Chancellor Livingston's collection, 

 and was probably brought by him from 

 France. 



31. Beurre Capiaumont — from the London Hor- 



ticultural Society. 

 33. Lady, or Pomme d' Api — bad specimen. 



In a cigar box, accompanying the others, is 

 A sample of our Virgalieu. 



' ' Bergamot, and of 



A fine French pear, imported by Col. Jenkins 

 about 1820, the name of which has been lost. It 

 has somewhat the appearance of the Seckle, 

 when unripe, and does not fall short of that cele- 

 brated pear, but little, if any, in excellence. 



In making the selection, I have not sought the 

 best ; for there are several not yet in an eating 

 state, which are entirely new to me ; though most 

 are of well known varieties. I hope they will 

 prove acceptable to the committee. 

 Yours, truly, 



JESSE BUEL. 

 Albany, Oct. 14, 1829. 



DONATION TO THE MASS. HORT. SOCIETY. 



Mr Russell — 



Dear Sir — I have sent to your care, by the 

 schooner Ann, 2 barrels and 1 box containing fine 

 seedling Potatoes, and a parcel of remarkably 

 early garden Corn, for distribution among the 

 members of the Massachusetts Horticultural Soci- 

 ety. You will find one barrel marked Red Eye 

 Potatoes, one do. Early Butter Potatoes, and the 

 box extra early Garden Potatoes, in which ispack- 

 ed tlie parcel of extra early Garden Corn. 



The Red Eye Potatoes are a very superior vari- 

 ety. The seed I had of one of our farmers two years 

 since. He was not able to give me any par- 

 ticular account of the potato, only that it was t 

 best kind that he had ever planted ; and from two 

 years' experience, I agree with him. I planted 

 exactly 60 rods of ground about the first of May 

 last, without making any particular calculation 

 upon an extra large crop ; the soil was a sandy 

 loam, which had been manured for several years 

 by spreading about 14 loads per acre, and I have 

 gathered this fall from the 50 rods, 150 bushels 

 potatoes, which is 480 bushels per acre without 

 manure in the hills. The man that did the work 

 said that he bad no doubt that if he had tried to 

 see how many he could have raised, he might 

 have planted them thick enough to have gathered 

 600 bushels per acre. 



The superior quality of the Butler Potato, so 

 called by the man who gave me the seed, which 

 he said he procured from Canada, is being very 

 early, and rich flavored, which I conclude gives 

 them their name. I gathered from 30 rods of 

 ground 70 bushels. They were planted from the 

 1st to the 10th May, and were ripe, fit for market 

 by the 10th July. I dug about 15 bushels the 

 10th of July, sent them into our village, and sold 

 them for 7.5 cents per bushel, and 10 or 15 days 

 after, good potatoes were sold at 33 cents per 

 bushel. 



The box of extra early Garden Potatoes are the 

 kind I named to you last June, as being ten days 

 earlier than the earliest variety I could ever pro- 

 cure at any .Seed Store. I have for tlie last five 

 years dug them from the 16th to the 22d of June, 

 of good size and eating ; the largest being larger 

 than a common sized hen's egg. They are a very 

 good potato, but not productive. I recommend 

 them only as well worth the attention of those 

 gentlemen who have gardens sufiiciently large to 

 plant a small piece for early use. 



The Early Corn is full 15 days earlier than the 

 Early Sioux. I have picked it of good size for 

 boiling on the 6th of July, coining at a season 

 when vegetables are not ])lenty. 



The Early Garden Potato for the earliest, the 

 Butter Potato for the last of the summer and fall, 

 and the Red Eye Potato for the winter, spring, and 

 the first of the summer, I have found the best va- 

 rieties after several years' experience, having 

 cultivated in that time more than twenty sorts. 

 Respectfully, your friend, 



Springlcld, Oct. 14, 1829. E. EDWARDS. 



Uj^'Meinbers of the Society will please call at their 

 Hall, and receive the articles alluded to above. 



FOR THE NEW ENGLAND FARMER. 



CHERRY STOCKS. 

 Mr Editor — Your correspondent " D." in your 

 Inst numlier, presents for information three queries 

 respecting (iuit trees ; — to the second only, I shall 

 presume to reply. "Does the common red cherry 

 (if New England furnish good stocks on which to 

 engraft the difl^rent varieties of the cherry, and if 

 so, should they be used as standards, or grafted 

 near the root ? " ' 



