|Vnl. VIU.— No. 19. 



„ "77 T^wiTbecn the (li;maii<i for live oak timber 



I he I'lViieil States, aii<l so slow is the vegetation 



r, ho tree, thai several years since, Micliaii.x, in 



It work upon the forest trees of North Anterica, 



» lieteil its (lisapiiearance from the United States 



in half a century. After that period, lie says 



IV exist, not as a forest tree, but as a shrub, 



"tlie qiiercus Hex, an analagons European 



•ies, formerly growing in the southern borders 



raiice, and "in Spain, and Italy, but now only 



with of an hunible and dwarfish size. The 



„ is said to thrive well when cultivated. The 



, saoola Gazette, mentions that the live oak trees, 



eh have been planted in the vicinity of gentle- 



.„l I'i seats in Georgia and South Carolina, or 



,, 3 been suffered to remain in the fields, are 



j,l ;li more beautiful than those found in the for- 



Some noble avenues of these trees have 



1 formed on the sea coast in those States. — 



fill se of Col. Tatnell are mentioned, for which 



f, e sums have been offered, but were refused by 



di proprietor, who woulil not consent that the 



3 planted by his ancestor should be cut down. 



„,'he difliculty of procuring live oak timber, 



isl ;h has now become so great, that it is difficult 



,] jrocure enough for the frame of one of our 



111 llest ships of war without enormous expense, 



led our government to take measures for its 



vation and preservation. The plan rccom- 



,„ ded and adopted for this object, and the mode 



ml vhJi-h it has been carried into execution, is 



rihed iii the following article from the Pensa- 



Gazette. 



ive Oak. — We have iiiadc some inquiries res- 



ing the cultivation of live oak on Deer Point, 



)site this town. The lands purchased from 



eral Call, Judge Brackenridge, Col. Fenwick, 



Col. White, together with those reserved by 



,,(, ernment. constitute a body of twenty or thirty 



, sand acres, bounded by Yellow water Bay 



one si<le, and the Sound of St Rosa on the 



1-. Tlie land immediately at the jjoint, about 



thousand acres, is all live oak hammock, with 



.di'.r of a thrifty yoinig growth along the wa- 



from one to three hundred yards wide. But 



„!,, nterior, although well set with oak, is shrubby, 



ig been subjected to repeated fires from the 



woods. Yet from the similarity of the soil 



general growth, there is little doubt, that it is 



e!! adapted to the purpose as the border. — 



border, or selvage is about ten miles in cir- 



„, and besides the young growth, contains a 



lljjji her of large trees, fit for immediate use. Much 



Ljl lis valuable timber has been cut away at for- 



,1 periods for the construction of vessels ; in the 



1804, a S()anish forty-four, the Panzacolenea, 



built at Navy Cove, from the timber jjrocured 



e point. 



are informed Judge Brackenridge was 



ested to suggest to the Government a plan for 



nanagement of t!ie tract of land reserved, and 



ho preservation of the live oak generally. — 



: gentleman accordingly communicated one, 



h was approved, and ordered to be carried 



execution. The outline was as follows : 



To clear away all the foreign growth from 



' ig the yoimg and thrifty live oaks, so as to 



'I them the entire possession of the ground, to 



'' e them of all dead limbs, and give them sufli- 



space to expand. 



To cut down the large, full grown trees, fit 



eeiis se, and secure the timber under sheds at the 



Yard ; and those likely still to improve, to be 



AND HORTICULTURAL JOURNAL. 



149 



lubei 



id 5' ed and pruned. 



3. To make experiments of planting out the 

 young trees, in the open grassy pine woods adjoin- 

 ing the haimnock, in places suited to the pin-pose, 

 making roads around them to keep off the fires. 



About two months ago, the Judge received in- 

 structions to appoint an overseer, to hire twenty 

 hands for one year, and to commence operations 

 according to the foregoing jilan. He accordingly 

 commences innnediately, and the work under the 

 direction of Mr Davis, has been carried on with 

 the most flattering success. 



The trees cleared out already form beautiful 

 groves, and are as carefully pruned as those of an 

 orchard. They are divided into fom- classes — be- 

 ginning with the youngest, which are imder two 

 inches in diameter, and are called nursery trees — 

 the second class, are between two and six inches 

 in diameter, and generally from fifteen to thirty 

 feet in height — the third are from six inches to a 

 sufficient size for immediate use — the fourth con- 

 sist of full grown trees. 



Of the first class immense numbers have been 

 cleared and pruned — of the second, about eight 

 thousand, and of the third, about two thousand have 

 been cleared, allowing them all sufficient space to 

 expand. At a moderate estimate, the Judge thinks 

 the second class, those between two and six inches, 

 will be fit for use in twenty years ; those of the 

 third class six inches and upwards, on an average 

 in ten years. As the sizes vary, some will arrive 

 at maturity long before others. The ground wi 

 hold a greater nund)er than would stand erect, if 

 full grown. 



Of the second and third classes, the Judge 

 thinks at a low estimate, he will be able to clear 

 out from twenty to thirty thousand this year. The 

 growth, which has been cut away, consists of 

 hickory, water oak, and cedar pine. The live oak, 

 like the chesnut and locust, springs from the roots 

 and stump of the mother i>lant, so that by taking prop- 

 er pains, and by confining the operation to those 

 spots, where they have been planted by nature, 

 the danger of the destruction of this valuable tim- 

 ber may be prevented. Still the forming of nur- 

 series from the acorn is worth the experiment ; 

 and although the period before the acorns will be 

 come trees fit for use, must be great when com- 

 pared with the duration of human life, yet it may 

 be short in com)>arison with the age of a nation, 



Erigland is only now beginning to use those trees, 

 which were planted seventy or eighty years ago. 

 The tree, however, which has the benefit of an 

 ancient and extended root, is of very rapid growth. 

 The live oaks, preserved in Judge Brackenridgc's 

 door yard, have, in five years, increased from the 

 diameter of four inches to eight. 



If tho experiment at Deer Point should equal 

 present expectations, the plan can be put in ope- 

 ration on a more extruded scale, at different |)laces 

 along the coast of Florida, Georgia, and South 

 Carolina, and the several islands along their coasts, 

 which are now generally well set with this valua- 

 ble growth. According to the reports of the Com- 

 missioners, who have been ern])loyed in examining 

 and selecting live oak along our coast, there are 

 several millions of live oak trees on the Sound of 

 St Rosa and the Bay of Choctawatchie, and all so 

 situated as to have the advantage of navigable 

 water to our Navy Yard. If five million trees can 

 be ])reBerved from trespassers and fires, they will 

 soon become of incalculable benefit for naval pur- 

 poses. 



Establish tnents may be made where our super- 



anuated and disabled seamen may be profitably 

 employed in a light, healthy labor, at the same time 

 that they are taken care of, instead of being turn- 

 ed adrift in old age, or when no longer able to en- 

 counter the hardships of the sea. 



PREMIUMS FOR IMPROVEMENTS IN 

 FARMS. 



The Plymouth Comity Agricultural Society held 

 their Cattle Show and Fair, on Wednesday, 4th inst. 

 Among the premiums awarded was one to Cupt. 

 Seth Allen, of Halifax, for the best cultivated farm. 

 The following descri|)tion of these improvements 

 is given in the report of the Conmiittee. 



The farm of Capt. Allen contains about fifty 

 acres ; the soil on a great part of which is thiu 

 and consists of a light sandy loam, and when pur- 

 chased by Capt. Allen, was considered as about 

 worn out, it having been frequently planted with 

 corn, followed by a crop of rye, and but a little 

 manure of any kind used for a great immber of 

 years. Capt. Allen, by manuring and skilful man- 

 agement, has brought a great part of it into a 

 good state of cultivation, and now obtains good 

 crops of grain and hay. The remainder is low, 

 swampy land, and when he came into possession 

 of it, was covered with bushes, and considerablo 

 part of the year with water. Capt. Allen has 

 made great improvement on this part of his farm 

 by cutting the hushes, digging out stumps and 

 draining it. Three acres of which he has reclaim- 

 ed am! rendered jtroductive of good English hay, 

 by ])loughing, planting, &c. The whole of this 

 farm is well fenced with cedar posts and rails, 

 there being but few stone on it suitable for wall. 

 The buildings, though not large, are convenient, 

 and are so arranged that he has a ]dace for every- 

 thing ; and the Committee can truly say that they 

 found everything in its place. Although the Com- 

 mittee are satisfied that his farm is not so produc- 

 tive as many other farms in the county of the same 

 size, yet taking into consideration the quality of 

 the soil, the bad contlition which it was in when 

 purchased by Capt. Allen, the great improve- 

 ment he lias made, and the neatness and order of 

 its whole appearance, they recommend to tho 

 Trustees to award him the first premium of ticm- 

 ty-Jive dollars. 



Last year an oil mill was found in one of the 

 houses of Pompeii, very far superior to any now in 

 use in Italy. It was formed of lava, and consisted 

 of a concave and convex hemis))here fitting into 

 each other, and having rotatory motions in oppo- 

 site directions. By a neat mechanical contrivance, 

 these two stones were prevented from cpproach- 

 ing each other in the first instance so nearly as to 

 break the stone, but merely to crush tho pulp of 

 the olive, so that this fruit oil must have been of 

 singular purity. When this has been pressed off; 

 the convex stone could be lowered into the con- 

 cave, and the whole fruit was broken up together. 

 At Herciilaneiim,a short time since, the residence 

 of a barber was discovered. The shop and its im- 

 plements were in a wonderful state of jireserva- 

 tion ; the seats on which the customers were seat- 

 ed, the basins, the stove, and even many pins de- 

 signed for the head dresses of the Roman ladies. — 

 Foreign Journal. 



LOTTERIES. 



In the first number of the Daily Courier, a pa- 

 per published at Portland, Maine, the Editor re- 

 fused to publish a lottery ticket advertisement, 



