180 



NEW ENGLAM) FAUMEK, 



Dec. 25, 1&29. 



JUDOK PITMAN'S ADDRKSS. 

 ConiinutJ from page 172. 



Great Kritaiii tVils the evils ofn sy>;ein that has 

 entailed iiiiori lier a .state of paujicrism v.liicli it is 

 imiiifiil to contemplate. And how slioiild it he 

 otherwise ? She wishes to nianufucliire for the 

 world ; it is not the supply of her own wants hut the 

 wants of other nations that must give enii>loyincnt 

 to her innnense capital and numerous nianufac-, 

 turers ; a change in a foreign market riiluccs thou- 

 sands to idleness and beggary. And how is it with 

 the necessaries of life? Is she that wislics to clothe 

 the worlil, willing that the world should feed her 

 in return ? If she were, her poorest nianufaeturcrs 

 might enjoy n competency, and other nations b: 

 thus enabled to employ them. On the contrary, 

 the price of bread is cnhanc(!il by monopoly that 

 ]ircvcnls the agriculture of other countries from 

 coming in competition with the a^'riculturc of 

 Great Britain, mitil a scarcity is apprehended that 

 may afTecl, not merely the pauper or half starved 

 maimfactmer, but the rich man. 



How is it with our own country r The extent 

 of Great Britain anil Ireland is about one hundred 

 and twenty thousand square miles, and they arc 

 north of the fiftietli degree of north latitude. The 

 extent of the United States and their territory is 

 two millions of scpiare miles ; they are soutli of 

 the fifiieth degree of north latitude, and nearly 

 touch, at their extreme south, the tropic of Cancer, 

 and in their longitude arc bount'ed on the cast 

 by the Atl;uuic, and on the west by the Tacific 

 Ocean. Wo liave a country, therefore, of great 

 extent, and possessing every variety of climate ami 

 production. Can we fear that our manufactures 

 will so extend, that after glutting the home mar- 

 ket we shall require a foreign market to kecj) our 

 manufacturers from starvation? The extent of 

 our couiitrv.lhc faciliiiis iifTiiiilr/1 «<>. onricnliural 



is more jirofitablc than the raising of grain. The 

 great nuirkit for this cotton is ICtiglund, and they are 

 therefore cotmected with England by stronger tics 

 of interist than the grain growing states, and inoy 

 be disposed to jirefer Brili.ih to domestic manu- 

 factures, f<;aring perhajis that Great Britain may 

 refuse to buy our cotton if we refuse to buy her 

 maiiufartures. If, in addition to this fear for their 

 great staple, our southern brethren fear that they 

 may be t.ixed for our benefit, in being obliged to 

 buy their clothing at a dearer rate, we cannot so 

 much woniler at the excitement which has been 

 produced among them, though we trust that even 

 these considerations will not make them forget the 

 great interests which bind them to the 1,'nion. And 

 it would not be .surprising if those foreign inte- 

 rests which are to be ofli;cted by our protection 

 of American manufactures, should be busy in ex- 

 citing these fears, and promoting a spirit of hos- 

 tility iu the south against the manufactures of the 

 middle and norlliern states, that their own manu- 

 factures may find a jireference should they be able 

 to prostrate or evade the laws of the union. We 

 may rely however with confidence upon the tried 

 patriotism of the south, and neeil not fear that she 

 will he di.sposed to wear again the chains of Bri- 

 tish colonial servitude, after having broken them 

 at an expense of so nnich blood and treasure. 

 And as little need we fear that our southern breth- 

 ren will jiut injeojjardy that imion on which their 

 safety and happiness so much depend; but after 

 the [jrcscnt excitement has passed away, \vc trust 

 they will perceive their own interest will be idti- 

 mately promoted by developing the resources, and 

 encouraging the industry of every portion of our 

 great and growing republic. The encouragement 

 which has been afforded our cotton manufacture 

 has proved a common benefit ; it has secured our 

 growers of cotton an imjiortant home market, 



labor in the possession and cultivation of a fruitful whilst they are enabled to i)urchase their cotton 

 soil, the moral certainty that under any system of cloth at a reduced price, and though they may not 



oncouragctncHt, our agricultural must always ex- 

 ceed our manufacturing industry, and insure a sur- 

 plus of the necessaries of life, forbid such an ap- 

 prehension. We arc in truth a world in and by 

 ourselves, and there is little or no analogy between 

 such a country and that of Great Britain, could she 

 even be relieved from all the evils incident to her 

 immense debt, her great military and naval cslab- 

 lishincnts, and to the form of her government, ci- 

 vil and ecclebiastical. The fear, however, seems 

 to be, nut that we shall manufacture so much as to 

 be able to enter into successful com])ctition with 

 Great Britain in foreign marUets, but that we shall 

 not be able to supply the home market, and there- 

 fore nuist dcpen(l upon British industry. Kxpcri- 

 cnce will instruct us so nmcli better on this point 

 than anything which I can,say, that I am willing 

 to wait for her inslruirtion, being satisfied that a 

 liome market tmist he created for our agriculture, 

 and that having accomplished so much, our capi- 

 tal and inilustry, with cotnpctcnt |>rotection, will 

 be able to accomplish much more. 



It cannot ho disguised, however, thtit there is u 

 portion <if our country which has not the same im- 

 mediate interest as the major part, in the creation 

 of this homo market for agriculture. In this re- 

 spect, the cotton growing states and grain growing 

 **tates arc diircrently situated. The principal cot- 

 ton growing states have no surplus grain or pro- 

 visions for the domeslic manufaeliu'er; nil they 

 raise, und probably more, is consiuned by tlio.se 

 who arc employed in the raising of cotton, which 



be so nmch interested iu the production of the 

 raw material of other matuifactures, yet the pros- 

 perity of these will incrense our population and 

 wealth, and consequently our cotton manufactures, 

 so that the cotton grower will fiiul himself inte- 

 rested in the general prosperity, and may safely 

 trust to domestic com|iclilion and capital for the 

 reduction of the price of manufactures to their fair 

 value. The mode which seems to he the most 

 popular at the south to defend themselves against 

 the apprehended eflects of the tarilT, is doing astill 

 greater injury to themselves. If i; were intended 

 merely as a temporary measure, for the i>mpose 

 of procuring a repeal of the obnoxious law, it 

 may assume a did'erent asjicct, though still of very 

 questionable wisdom. If, however, it is intended 

 as a permanent system, nhould this statute be ])er- 

 manent, it is liable to one of the objections urgeil 

 against this statute, viz. : — that it is forcing indus- 

 try into unprofitable chamiels, and compelling us 

 to manufacture what we can buy to belter advan- 

 tage. This self adopted system, wouhl compel 

 the citizens of the south to manufiicturc fi)r ihcm- 

 selvcs, though their industry could be tnucli more 

 pi'ofitably cmployeil in agriculture, and their wants 

 supplied with jirofit to themselves, by the nuuin- 

 faciuring industry of the middle and norlliern 

 stales. But it is the spirit of this system whiih 1 

 deprecate, if it is persevered in it nmy produce re- 

 taliatory ennd>inations, and generate a spirit of 

 hostility between the grain growing and cutloii 

 growing stales, which may loud to disunion, und 



x^ J r^ 



the same hostile spirit which leads to disunion mi t- 

 lead to war, and thai of the fiercest kind, the co: t 

 he(|uences of which we ought not to think 

 w ithoi.t horror. 



Let us listen to the language of Wasbingion. 

 dressed to us with oil the solicitude of a fallici 

 his children. 



'• You have in a cotnninn cause fought and ti < 

 umi>lied together ; l^o independence and hher 

 you po.sscss are the work of joint counsels, al 

 joint efforts, of common dangers, suffering, ai 

 successes. 



'• But these considerations, however jHUVcrfi!. 

 they address themselves to your scnsibilty, .i 

 greatly outweighed by those which apply more ii 

 mediately to your interest. Here every portion 

 our country finds the most commanding i:ioii\ 

 for carefully guarding and |)reserving the union 

 the whole." — "The north in an unreslrnined iiiK 

 course with the south, j)rotccted by the equal la' 

 of a common govcrnriient, finds in the productions 

 the latter ailditional sources of maritime and cui 

 mercial enterprise, and precious materials of ina 

 ufacturing industry. The South, in the same i 

 tercoursp, benefiting by the ogency of the Nor 

 sees its agriculture grow and its commerce expai 

 Turning partly into its own channels the scam 

 of the North, it finds il5 particular navigation j 

 vigoratcd ; and while it contributes, in differc 

 ways, to nourish and increase the general mass 

 the national navigulion, it looks forward to the pi 

 teclioii of a maritime strength to which itself 

 unequally adapted. The East, in a like inli 

 'course with the West, already finds, and in t 

 progressive improvements of interior communii 

 lion, by land and water, will more and more fi 

 a valuable vent for the commodities which it bu 

 from abroad, or manvfacturta al home. The W 

 derives from the East, supplies requisite to 

 growth and comfort, and, what is of still grea 

 consecpicnce, it must, of necessity, owe ili'- .-eci 

 e:ijo\ment of indispensable outlets for its i »ri p 

 ductions, to the weight, infiuencc and the I'uti 

 inarilime strength of the Atlantic siile of i 

 union, directed by an indissoluble communitv 

 interest as one tinftoii. .Any other tenure by w I 

 the west can hold this essential advantage, wheil 

 derived from its own separate strength, or from 

 aposlate und unnatural connexion with anv 

 reign power, must be intrinsically precarious." 

 " While then every portion of our countrv ll 

 feels an immediate and jiecnliar interest in nni 

 all the pans combined camiot fail to fiud, m t 

 united mass^ of means and eflorls greater strenp 

 greater resource, proportionably greater scrui 

 from external danger, a less frequeut inlerrupti 

 of their peace by foreign nations; and what is 

 inestimable value, they must derive from union 

 exemption from ihc hi oils and wars between the * 

 selves, which so frequently afflict neighboring coi 

 tries not tied together by the .same governmc 

 which their own rivalships alone would be su' 

 cient to produce, but which opposite foreign a 

 ances, allachmenis and intrigues would siiuuih 

 and embitter. Hence, likewise, ihey will avi 

 the neces.siiy of overgrown military establishinei 

 which under any form of government are inaus 

 riousio liberly, and which are to be regarded 

 particulnrly hostile to republiran iiberty. In ll 

 sense it is, ihal your union oughi to he considi 

 ed as a main prop of your liberty, and that the lo 

 of the one ought lo endear lo miu the prescn 

 tion of the other. 



