190 



NEW F.MiLAM) FAU.MEll, 



Jan. 1, 1830. 



oarlicularly in the Journal ottho Acudoiny of Na- peared in that counlry, Ihe " Flora of the Middle i food, and dcfendnig iheniselves, were very dc ligl 



turul Sciences at Pliiladi.lpliia, and not a few of 

 the plants theinsclvus are now cultivated in our 

 botanic gardens, from seeds gathered hy Mr Nut- 



This gentleman now occupies the chair of Na- 

 tural History in the University of Ntw Cambridge. 

 We regret not to be able to give any account of 

 " Eaton's Manual of Botany," nor yut of Barton's 

 more exiindcd " Flora of North America," (wliich 

 is, we believe, in the course of piiblication,) never 

 having had the opportunity of seeing' these works. 

 The various scientific journals Kliicli are pub- 

 lished in America, conluiri many memoirs upon the 

 indigenous plants. Among the first of these in 

 point of value, and, we think, also the first with 

 regard to time, we must name SiUim;in's American 

 Journal of Science, in which via find Botanical 

 Tracts by Professor Ives of Yale iCollege, and by 

 Mr Rafinesque : by Dr Torrey, a i>iiysician at New 

 York, " on the plants collected by IJ. B. Douglass, 

 of West Point, in the expedition around the great 

 lakes, and the upper waters of the Mississippi, un- 

 der Gov. Cass, during the summers of 1818-20 ;" 

 and also '-on a new species of Usnea from New 

 South Shetland," (T. fasciata of Torrey ;) by Mr 

 Lewis de Schweiuili!, ill a valuable " Monograph 

 of the genus Viola ; " by -Mr Nuttall, on a " col- 

 lection of plants made in the East Florida by Mr 

 Ware;" by Mr M. C. Leavenworth, on "four 

 new species of plants from Alabama ; " by Pro- 

 fessor C. Dewey of William's College, upon " Ca- 

 rices." 



In the Journal of the Academy of Sciences, the 

 Botanical Memoirs are entirely from the pen of 

 Mr Nuttall. 



The Annals of the Lyceum of Natural History 

 of New York were only commenced last year ; 

 but the numberB, (of which we have received five 

 from that excellent instii.-'ion,) contain several 

 communications on the subject of Botany. In No 

 I. is a " Synopsis o^ the Lichens of the State of 

 New York," by ^tr A. llalsey ; and a description 



and Northern Sections of the United States," by i lolly pourtraycd in a clear anil sprightly tiiaiu 



Dr Torrey. .\ frc(|uc!it correspondence, and a 



mutual interchange of botanical specimens, have 



made us accpiaintcd with the zeal and acnuire- 



menls of this gentleman ; both of which arc now 



assiduously engaged in the preparation of his I lion— as the 'Mechanic,' or the ' Useful K no 



work, the continuation of which we anxiously ex- I'dge,' or else separate. I do not know anyiliii 



^>cct. No. 1. extends as far as, but not to the con- 1 of the proper iimnner of doing this, but hope to 



iiiting scientific method, and anecdotiial illu:>l 

 tioiis. Many persons who could not, for varii 

 reasons, attead, would be glad to hear n ripitit 

 unnouuced, either before some society or assoc 



elusion of, the Class Triandria, anil Ordtr Uigy- 

 nia ; for here, likewise, the arrangement is that 

 of Linnoeus. The whole is in English. The sy- 

 nonyms are siifticicntly copious, and the descrip- 

 tive part contains niiiih useful criticism and oli- 

 .servation. \Vc know, too, that Dr Torrey has 

 made a most ample collection of the cryptogamic 

 l)lains of the United States ; that he is well ac- 

 (|uainted with the Rpccies and their characters, and 

 we may therefore confidently hope that this de- 

 ])artmcnt of botany will now find a place in the flo- 

 ras of North .\merica. 



Mdilional ATole by Dr Milchill. — The Compen- 

 dium of tlic Flora of the Northern and Eastern 

 States by John Torrey, M. D. is a moderate sized 



able to hear those, in common with others, 1 n 

 bliged to oinit hearing. 



CULTIV.\T10N OF PEAS IN FRANCE. 



Thomas RIaikie, in an article published in a 1: 

 number of Loudon's Magazine, gives the folio 

 ing as the mode of cultivating early peas practis 

 in France : — " The market gardenirs place t!i 

 rows east and west, and raise a little ridge ofcai 

 on the north side of the row, which protects tht 

 from the north winds, and receives at a more po 

 erful angle the sun's rays ; by which more hi 

 is reflecteil on the plaiils in the day time, and 

 llie same time more absorbed to be radiated 

 tlicm at night. When the plants show their • 



by Dr Torrey 



of "some new and rare plants col 



cond blossom, the top is pinched off, wliich thri 

 octavo of 403 pages, containing the genera and | ,|,p fp^ce of vegetation on the forming pods, 1 

 specific descriptions of all the i>lants, exclusive of ,e„g ,i,e niulurity of the crop, and increases I 

 the cryptogamia, hitherto found in Fredonia,* ^\yc of the jieas." 

 north of the river Potomac. It was published 

 n 1826. 



The Flora Astiica of Dr Darlington is a very 

 respectable performance, being an account of the 

 plants found in Chester county, Pennsylvania. 



Of Professor Eaton's Manual, which has had a 

 wide circulation, a new edition is announced. 



Horticultural Societies are useful in increasing a 

 taste for botany as well as for practical gardening. 

 These societies have increased within two or three 

 years past, and they number uniong their meni- 

 Ijcrs many scientific and practical men. 



lected i" 'I'C Rocky Mountains, during the cxpe 

 ditJon thither, commanded by Major Long, by Dr 

 Edwin James ;" in No. II. a "Synopsis of the 

 Caricts," by Dr Schweinitz. No. HI. contains an 

 article " on the American Ulriculari(E," by M. Lc 

 Conte, who enumerates 11 species. No. IV. "on 

 the genus Oraliola," by the same author. No. V. 

 " on the genus Ruellia," by M. I-o Conte ; and on 

 " some new grasses found by Dr James on the 

 Rocky Mountains," by Dr Torrey. 



Mr Scluveinitz, whom we have already more 

 than once alluded to, is a native of Germany 

 where, as well as throughout Europe, he is advan 

 tageously known, in conjunction with M. Alberti- 

 ni, as the author of a Latin v%'ork on the Fungi of 

 Upper Lusatia. Since his residence in America, 

 lie hasconiiniied to dedicate most of his attention 

 to the fungi ; and his manuscript, containing an 

 account of 1373 fungi found in Upper Carolina 

 alone, was edited by Dr Schwaegrichen in 1823, 

 under the title of " Synopsii Fungorum Carolina 

 Superioris" in a thin volume, 4to ; and it is not a 

 little singular to observe how many of these are 

 common to Europe us well a- to America. 



We shall close our notice of American botani 



VARIETIES OF THE SWEET POTATO. 



[Extract of a letter from John D. I.kgark, Esq. of 

 Charleston, S. C. Editor of the Southern Agricultu- 

 rist, to the Publisher of the New England Fanner.] 

 " 1 should like to introduce to your notice se- 

 veral of our varieties of the Sweet Potato, which 

 I perceive is beginning to claim the attention with 

 you that it deserves. We have the following va- 

 rieties, which arc all in good repute: — the Red, 

 red skin, white inside, and mealy ; Brimstone, red 

 skin, yellow fleshed ; yam, yellow skin and flesh ; 

 the best for keeping, and also by far the best for 

 the table ; — Spanish, skin of a reddish yellow, flesh 

 white and mealy; by some very much liked; — 

 pumpkin, yellow skin, and the flesh of a deep 

 )iumpkin color, very sweet, and have in .some 

 measure the taste of a pumpkin. Besides these, 

 we have the Spanish pumpkin, Spanish yam, and 

 Lealhercoat ; the last is very inferior, and is only 

 to be recommended for its earliness." 



XT' ^'e copy the following well deserved roinplimcnt 

 to l)r Stokkb's Lectures from the Evening Gazette. 



Lectures on Entomology. — I was much pleased 

 to read in the Centinel, an editorial article, recom- 

 mending the study of Entomology, and noticing 

 very favorably, a course of Lectures on that sei- 



ncc by Dr SToar-a. These Lectures, or riiiher 

 those I attended, were very interesting, and si 



The End of Military Glory. — A ship with I , 

 man bones, from Hamburgh, arrived at Loss 

 mouth on the 2.5th October, the property of 

 agriculturist of Morayshire, and intended for n 

 nurc. The master of the vessel states, that I 

 bones were collected from the plains and marsl 

 of Leipsic, and are part of the remains of the the 

 sands of brave men who fell in the sanguini 

 haltles fought between France and the .\Hies 

 October, 1813. What a comincntary is this u| 

 " military glory : " and how true is the cxclan 

 tion of the poet — " To what base uses we n 

 return, Horatio ! " 



The manufacturing establishment of Mes 

 Wells & Dickinson, of Steubcnville, Ohio, is n 

 said to turn out "from 90 to 100 yards of cli 

 per day, besides white and red flannels in gr 

 quantities, consuming the fleeces of fourteen tin 

 sand sheep, which these gentlemen now keep i 

 on their estate. 



cal iiublications by the mention of that, wlii'-h, ifUd much research and observation on the part of 

 ■we may judge from the first number, (which is ulll i|,e author. The instincts of Insects in providing 



that we have yet received from the author,) bids 

 fair to rank among the most valuable that has op- 



•Dr Mltchill'i) clusical name for the UiUted Slates 



A new and extensive Iron Foundry has rcce 

 ly gone into operation at St Louis, Missouri. It 

 intended to supply any orders which may he 

 quired for the largest steamboats or other n 

 chinery. p 



Brigiito.n M.vrket. — Monday, Dec. 28. 

 (Rcponcd for Ihe Clironlclr and Pnirloi.) 

 A good deal of business was done today lie ' 

 in the Cattle and Sheep Market — the day was i 

 markably fine, and if we take into considerati 

 the advanced season of the year, it will be sc 

 that there was a large iiuiiiIkt of Imtli kinds 

 market, viz. Cattle Uti 5 ; Sheep 2 147. of w hi) 

 324 Cattle including 17 unsold last week, ai 

 1107 Sheep were at the Upper Market, ami 6' 

 Cattle and 1340 Shcsp at the l^iirer MurUI- 

 nearly all the ISerf Cullle were taken — not 

 than '2:') or 30 remained unsold at the close oltl 

 market — not so with Store Cattle — of nearly 21 

 'included in the above estimate,' not mure tin 

 one half were sold. Few best Cattle brouli 

 from $4 7.'> a iiOO per cwt. ; next $4.-Ja 4A, ar 



