The leaves of tliis vine arc small, of a light 

 .611 hiio above and beneath, and the borders in- 

 nted with large teeth somewhat pointed ; the 

 nches are small an.l very compact ; the berries 

 lirh compose them are also small, romi.l, and of 

 blackish violet color, covered with bloom— they 

 e sweet, bnt- not high flavore<l, the principal 

 rit consisting in their early maturity, it bein- 



•.rit rnns still" in t leir eariy maiuiuy, n •■cilj , i..^ ....... ^.-i . ■ . 



; ah" o all foreign grapes except the one a f.mr.b crop of blossoms. The season being ,» 



xt decibed, and in this vicinity ripening its ticniarly favorable, the latter npened on tl e 30,1. 



.1 enrfv in Angus.. It serves as an appendage of October : they were abun.lant, about the . ,ze 



be-desst where persons pride themselves on of common peas, of good appearance, but shgb. 

 edie" fuit. The soils most congenial are acid. Some writers have con.om.ded this with 

 ch ns are IWht and loose, and a southern expo-' the Madeleine or Mmillon hatif, but their only re- 

 re is also de'eme.l preferable in order to advance semblance is in color and early maturity, 

 c maturity ; but 1 have found it to do well and 



jen early in very indifferent sods and unfavora- 

 B exposures, and I consider it by no means diffi- 

 ilt in regard to these points. 



ISCAIA. 



Thrice bearing vine. 

 Raisin des trois ri'jcoltes. 

 Precoce noir, ou des trois r^coltes 

 Vitis trifera, \ p^^ 

 insann, S 



Vol. VIII.— No. 25. 



AND HORTICULTURAL JOURNAL. 



197 



in the year 1823, this grape exceede<l all that had 

 been anticipated from it ; vines trained in the es- 

 palier form gave an abundant crop fully ripe the 

 18th of August; a profuse second crop w.is at 

 perfect maturity on the 20tb September, the fruit 

 of which was larger and in greater quai.lily than 

 the first ; and at the same period the berries of 

 tlie third crop had formed, and the vines presented 



'liny. 



BLACK TOKAY. 



New black chuter. — Pa. Cat. No. 2. 

 This grape I leceivcd fmni my esteemed friend 

 the Hon Jonathan Hunewell, of Boston, whose 

 liberality and eeneral nttaiiiments in horiicultiiral 

 pursuits are so generally known and appreciated. 

 It is an exceedingly vigorous and productive va- 

 riety, and supports the cold better than most of the 

 foreign kinds usually cultivated, and cuttings 



,...,„ , I planted in mv nursery have formed in a single sea- 



Thls peculiar variety of the vine, which is allu-! son, vines ne'arly or quite as large .is those of our 

 •d to by V rgil (Goor II.) an.l also by Pliny (Hist. 1 native varieties of the same age. The fruit is ol 

 at apL s to l,e a native of the island of CliTos, me.lium size, black and of pleasant flavor, is smt- 

 omwhcl.it was carried to Calabria, ..nd the able for the table, and has also the qnaht.es reqm- 

 "and of Ischia, where it is known by the title of' site for makinsr good wine. It has been called by 

 Uv^ d tre volte I'anuo,- or "Vine of three crops: some persons Black cluster, and being received by 

 ^ ,; n.e under that title, and finding it diflferent from 



TheVruit possesses a most agreeable flavor and! the kind usually so called, I enumerated it in my 

 ,uch sweett^ess and has the different qualities last catalogue as the " New black cluster. I is 

 eraed necessa y for making good wine. The possible it may p.ove synonymous with one of the 

 neTs of ve% vi-orous growth; .o much so, that; dark ^aiieties of Tokay, wU.eh will be found under 

 ng prunin" is deemed ,..ef«ral.le tn c„..ing^l«oo J tUe head of wine grapes. 



/hen the vine is at the age for bearing, the first probyn's large white.— Pr. Cat. No. 11. 



™d largest crop ripens in latitu.les corresponding cultivation a variety 



,U. nIw Yo,k, a,id where the vines have a Undei 1 is t.tle I ha ^_^^^^^ ^^^^^^^ ^^^^ ^^ 



,uthern exposure from toe 0' ' '"/j!^;* 'j' New York, in whose garden is now growinga very 

 ugust ; the second crop from the 25 h of Septem-INewr, j .o.lu.tive vine, which af- 



r^to the 5th October, ..nd '''V f ^ .'' V fnr k' !ruSv mm^^^ shouldered clusters of 



mere demonstration, f'"-" '!•« 25th October to the fords a. nually nun^^ ^__^l ^^. 



0th November, unless the growth of the v.-e j excejlem wbi.e^ (,^ 

 lould be stopped by hosts. i ^ ,.■•„.'„. Some bunches have been exhibited 



The two last crops are produced by an appro- , ""'^,/': ' ^j^^^,,^;;'^,;^,,!,,^ „bout one an.l three 

 riate system of pruning. About the 10th or 15 h ! by tl a K"'^ "•->". ^ ^"-^.^ •„f,,„i.,„ i, ,,ere f.om a 

 f June, just as the blossom has ,«issed and the , •1''«^7 ? "'"' ;,.,^t di ti.ict from all others, but 

 •uit becomes formed, the ends of the «'-''^'-;^ i ^°"^'''«''';;" , 'V^\ '^'t lie kind which it has been 

 hoots must be cut off two or three joints beyond , to «l;ow tha t - '°; " ,,^,,,^,^„^ horticulturists 

 iie last bunches— this will cause new shoots i,n- considered by seveiai "» j- _ _ ^ _^ ^^ 



mediately to spring from the joints of the new 

 ,ood that are left, which will unf.dd in due course 



secon.l crop, and as soon as the blossoms of 

 „Pse secondary clusters have fallen, the operalion 

 f pruning off the shoots must be renewed with 

 hese as in the fi.st instances which wdl cause the 

 brmation, but with less rapidity than before of a 



,ird set of shoots, from which will be developed 

 . third crop of clusters. These last it is better 

 .ever to prune ; and the fruit on them, whicn is 

 ,ut scanty, seldom attains to maturity .n high lat- 



'Vli-ht and rich soil is prefer.ible for this vine, 



consuieic" "J " ■ , I 



By such it h-is been pr.u.o.mced to be th., .o>,.l 



muscadine, f.om which I find it to .l.ff.-r m seve- 

 ral respects; pa.ti.t.lmly m this, that it is one of 

 those I'in.ls most sensible to early frosts, an.l to 

 the severity of the winter i.i our couiury expo- 

 sures ; where, if ..nproteced at ^'"' ^'^^""'^ 

 young vines are killed to the ground, and older 

 ones ofte.i much injured; whereas the royal "ms- 

 cadine is well known to be one of those which 

 best support the cold. It is .b.ubtless a variety 



intro-iulcd fiomthe -'"''-f t^™'-' -/;;■;;;; 



other southern climate, or perhaps a seedling Irom 

 some g.-ape from that quarter. Mr Probyn states, 



A light and rich soil is prelerame lor ui.s v..., some g. a,,. "" "; • ,, „i,^t,,,., ^.„ti,„| . 



md in^lro,lghts it would be better to irrigate .that bis -- -• ' J'l'^fi.; ,, „,e,„ „o proti^Ci.-n. 

 To obtain the three crops in this latitude, espalier ,,n,„jure.l, "'' ^'^ . ,;,"^'^, ,,, ,,,;, ^eing in a city 

 .lattice trailing is indispensably necessary, -- »"' '''^ ^ 'J^^ ''^,;~ .lelter and a.^ehora.ed 

 ,ompanied by a southern exposure. „, J ^'"■''"'' ".'l !„ eo^ e . on such a congregated 



In open field culture two crops only, and he ; " "-if ,'^.,'^':f^' '„'.„,„ ,„,.se the most tender 

 second rather indifferent m point of si/.e, h.^ve , ,„ass of dwelling>, gene " y 

 been obtained from it. but in the vicinity of Fans, southern varieties to .uccccd. 



From the Hampshire Gazcltc, 



ERRORS AND SUPERSTITIONS. 



Jllmanacs. — Some intelligent gentlemen in Bos- 

 ton have published "The American Almanac and 

 Rcpo>itory of Useful Knowledge, for the year 

 1830." It comiiriscs a great deal of valuable in- 

 formation respecting Astronomy, Agriculture, Sta- 

 tistics, &c. — Price $1.-308 pages. 



One article in this Almanac, (from an English 

 publication,) exposes and ridicules the errors and 

 8ii])cislitious in England, with regard to the wea- 

 ther, signs, saints' days, &c. A British almanac 

 for 1678 is compared with those for 1829, and it 

 is (bund that many of the silly notions entertained 

 150 years ago, respecting the weather, the influ- 

 ence of the planets, comets, &c. arc still kept up 

 by the English almanac makers. The weather 

 piophccies for 1829 are similar to those for 1678, 

 and the writer remarks that thousands of credu- 

 lous farmers in England, too often have their grain 

 and bav spoiled by their reliance on these false 

 predictions, which are expressly manufactured to 

 impose upon the ignorant. Predictions of wars, 

 famines, inpurrerlions, discords, &c. are still in- 

 serte.l in the British almanacs ; the cheat goes on 

 from age to age, and the language of imposture is 

 not altered by the progress of knowledge. 



Men can calculate and predict accurately the 

 eclipses of the sun, moon, and planets, but they 

 cannot foretel about lain, hail, snow, and winds. 

 Eclipses depend upon the relative positions of the 

 heavenly bodies ; their motions result from a few 

 simple laws which have been discovered and it 

 can he ascertained where one of these bodies will 

 be at any particular lime, almost to a ban's breadth. 

 But fair weather and foul are the result of so 

 many causes, some of which are very imper- 

 c.^.V — J — ."-.4, that no man can honestly 

 make any pretensions to foreknowieoge in these 

 things. From certain states of the air, and cer- 

 tain appearances in the heavens, we may antici- 

 pate the weather for a few hours, but no one can 

 lay claim to such knowledge a week beforehand, 

 aii.l still less in season for an almanac. All such 

 pie.lictions are to be regarded as a species of 

 quackery, the relics of astrology, of a system of 

 fraud which .he selfish and designing are always 

 ready to practice upon the credulous an.l unthink- 

 ing pnitof society.— (Abridged from the American 

 Almanac.) 



Some 40 or 50 years ago, a farmer in Hainp- 

 shiie county, found in his almanacngainst a day 

 in July, the following alarming words : — 



C. P. Barnstable. Ihuvder. 

 On the preceding .lav, be gathered into his barn 

 all his irrass that was mown, and resolved to do 

 no more at bavins '""'I '''^ tempest was past. The 

 next morning'he found one of his neighbors mow- 

 ;„„ an.l expressed bis surprise that he should cut 

 |,is ..r.-iss when such a terrible sto.-m was at hand. 

 "Storm ! what stor'm ? " said his neighbor. " Why, 

 wc are goine to have a dreadfid storm of Barn- 

 stable Ib.m'.ler to.lay ; the almanac says so. 

 .. What i.s Barnstable thunder ? " asked Ins ne.gh- 

 l.or " Oh, I do n't know exactly, hut it must be the 

 iMost honihie thunder ever known." This man a 

 l„,|i,r was not a whit more irrational and absurd 

 „,„„ „,„ .,f those who now consult the signs and 

 w. .Mhor pre ,i.-,ions of the almanac. \V e know 

 . t by Lose almanac makers, who endeavor to 

 u"en 1 popular delusions, have ba.ushed from 

 ■,/,^ace he figure of a man stuck full of arrows 



