Vol. VIII.— Nn. 28. 



AND HORTICULTURAL JOURNAL. 



227 



nato tlio fruit rctiioveii to it. Tlie two last sea- 

 is a consiJeiiible part of the ends of the vino 



"'i itiniiccl green until the frost came, when they 

 re of course destroyed when the wood was not 



'" e." 

 Mr Seaver's Bland vines are planted apart ; 

 no in the centre of his large ;^arden ; .some 

 cen feet from the southwest end of his house, 



' d one vine the east side of a stone wall, under 

 ree ; this last is the only one on which the 

 ipes did not mature well. 

 From the following extract from a letter to me, 



T ma gentleman in New Jersey, of Dec. 11th, 

 29, it will appear the Bland grape does well 

 jre. — " The Bland or Powel gra])e has been cul- 

 ated with success here ; it is a large red berry 

 pcsed in large long bunche.s, and it is a great 

 arer ; this season it has not ripened so well as 

 lal, but my neighbor had them in the best por- 

 tion of any person I know ; he had a beautiful 



w pply from the middle of September to the lat- 



lil ■ end of October. 



CATAWBA GRAPE. 



As this grape will be introduced into cultivation 

 this part of the country, and probably will take 

 lonsiderable place in our gardens and fields, I 

 II state the information that has been given me, 

 )m JIajor J. Adi.um, in a letter of Nov. 8, 1829. 

 " The Catawba vine, I found in Mrs Schei,l'.s 

 rden, at the village of Clarksburgh, Montgotne- 

 county, Maryland, and the family could not in- 

 •m me how or where Mr S. got it ; all they 

 ew about it, was, that he in his life time, called 

 ^atawba. It makes wine of various qualities, 

 good, and I look upon it as worth all the grapes 

 the United States, foreign or domestic, for a 

 leyard. I have no doubt, but the Catawba 

 ipe will ])lease you as a native of our country, 

 is the most beautiful grape to the eye, when they 

 gin to ripen, that I know of. Those that ripen 

 riy in the sun are of a purple color ; those that 

 partially shaded, are of a lilac color; and 

 3sc that ripen in the shade are mostly white, 

 d are longer in ripening than those that have 

 advantage of the sun, but have none of the 

 isky flavor, resembling the Frontignac, that the 

 lored ones have ; when white they are perfectly 

 eet, and semi transparent. 



I had heard so much about Mrs Schell's vine 

 the summer, and the quantity of grapes on it, 

 it in the aututnn, I rode to her house to view it, 

 an arbor seventeen feet long. I estimated 

 3rc were on 0[ie vine over eight bushels grapes 

 fine order. I then rode to Joshua Johnsto^es, 

 q. to see the eleven vines he had from Mrs 

 hell's vines growing on fifty yards of trellis, 

 d I estimated the crop would exceed thirty 

 shels of fine grapes. 1 have had from a single 

 le in my vineyard, from three to five pecks of 

 ipes, of four years old, from one cutting. Fo- 

 gners invariably prefer the Catawba to the 

 and, an<l so do some Americans ; the berries of 

 Catawba are rather larger than the Bland, as 



13 10 the clusters ; they ripen earlier, and when 

 y have not too much color, will, I thijik, suit 



iw y palate as a table grape ; they have been kept 

 good order till the following March." 

 The writer will take this opportunity to remark 

 It it appears to him the time is not far distant, 

 len we shall manufacture our own wine from 



live grapes, instead of currants, that take so 



lit ioh sugar. Also the Bland, Isabella, Catawba, 



and oiiior native grapes, will be raised in such 

 abundance, they will be preserved through the 

 winter, and handed round as conunon as a|i[)!es 

 now are. S. DOVVNEK. 



Dorchester, Feb. 2, 1830. 



GENERAL DEAIIBOHN'S ADDRESS. 



[Cantiimcd from page SU.] 



In this pursuit, as in all others, practice has 

 been too long estranged from .scientific theory. 

 Eac'. has had its professors and disciples, but 

 without any reci|)rocation of benefits, or scarcely 

 the recognition of affinity. Science was cultiva- 

 ted as an abstract mental embellishment, rather 

 than to facilitate the labors of the artist, while the 

 arts have been practised, unaided by the instruc- 

 tions of science. The latter was deemed too 

 etherial and sacred, to pass even beyond the se- 

 clusions of philosophy, save in a language which 

 was unintelligible to the multitude ; and the unin- 

 itiated operator accomplished his work, ignorant 

 that he was successfully ])erforniing an experiment 

 which dei)cnded on established theoretical princi- 

 ples as the scientific was incapable, of illustrating 

 the correctness of his theory by actual experiment. 

 There was an ostentatious display of intelligence 

 without practical utility, while the useful, unaided 

 by intelligence, was but imperfectly practised. 

 But more comprehensive and liberal views are 

 now entertained, and it is the enlightened i)olicy 

 of modern instruction, to eftect a re-union of 

 science and art, of theory and practice. We be- 

 hold philosophy directing the labors of the work- 

 shop, and practical mechanics giving instruction 

 i.i the halls of science. The happy consequences 

 of this moral revolution ; its exhilarating influence 

 en all the economical, as well as the ornamental 

 arts are apparent, in theunparallelled prosjierity of 

 (hose nations, which have taken the lead in the 

 development of mind, the encouragement of in- 

 dustry, and the j)rudential management of their 

 natural resources. 



Chemistry has taught the manufacturer the mode 

 of ascertaining the causes, which so often dis- 

 appointed his liojies of successful results, — has 

 enabled hiin to rectify mistakes, without the loss 

 of materials, — to discover new resources, perfect 

 his manipulations, improve the quality of his pro- 

 ducts, and open other avenues to wealth. 



The mechanic is guided by a knowledge of 

 physics; — the illustrations of science have enabled 

 the machinist to triutnph over the inertia of mat- 

 ter, and to give it such an infinitely varied coiri- 

 bination of movement, that they appear the efli-cts 

 of vitality and intelligence. Who can behold the 

 mysterious movements of the steam engine, with- 

 out being forcibly impressed with the idea, that 

 it acts like a thing of life, — that it is some huge 

 monster, — a subdued Polyphemus, who, breathing 

 vapor, and smoke, and fire, labors in agony and 

 wrath, obedient to the will of man. Located in 

 the gorges of the mountains, it drains subterrane- 

 an rivers, from the profound caverns ofthe miner ; 

 and aflixed to the fleets of commerce and of war, 

 they are driven triumphantly through adverse tides 

 and storms, like roused leviathans. 



The unnatural alienation ofthe sciences and arts, 

 which so long retarded every other branch of na- 

 tional industry, had the same deleterious effect 

 on tillage, which was also doomed to encounter 

 other difficulties, equally, if not more discouraging. 

 It was too generally considered as a degrading oc- 

 cupation, and was scarcely ranked among the 



pursuits of the learned, and affluent, until Lord 

 Bacon and the erudite Evelyn deemed it worthy 

 of attention, and gave it the sanction of their il- 

 lustrious natnes. 



The first English treatise on rural economy was 

 Fitzherbert's "Book of Husbandry," which was 

 jjublished in 1634. Tiisser's "Five Hundred 

 Points of Husbandry" appeared about thirty years 

 after, and was followed by Barnaby Googe's 

 "Whole Art of Husbandry," and " The Jewel 

 Houses" of Sir Hugh Piatt. Early in the eigh- 

 teenth century, the celebrated treatise of Jethro 

 Tidl excited much attention, and several nev/ 

 works of considerable consequence were announ- 

 ced before 1764, when the valuable publications 

 of Arthur Young, Marshel, and of numerous 

 other authors, spread a knowledge of cultivation, 

 and cherished a taste for rural improvements 

 throughout Great Britain, which has rendered 

 that kingdom as distinguished for its tillage, as for 

 its advancement in manfactures and commercial 

 enterprise. Agriculture has covered her barren 

 heaths with luxuriant crops, converted her pools 

 and morasses into verdant meadows, and clothed 

 her bleak mountains with groves of forest trees, — 

 while horticulture is rapidly extending her be- 

 neficent and gladsome influence, from the palace 

 to the cottage, and adorning the precincts, or over- 

 spreading the entire regions of her adventurous 

 precursor. 



After the immortal Linnaeus published his " Sys- 

 tem of Nature," Botany became a popular science, 

 and its numerous votaries produced a variety of 

 interesting elementary works, which, with those 

 of Miller, Wheatly, Abercrombie, Repton, Price, 

 Maddock, Panty, Sang, Loudon, and Knight, — 

 the British Columella, — rapidly diflFused intelli- 

 gence among all classes of society. A passion for 

 experiment and ornamental ])lanting was thus in- 

 duced, which give sufficient promise, that what 

 had been figuratively expres.sed, might be, ulti- 

 mately, realized, and the whole island become, in 

 truth, a " Garden." (To be continued.) 



Curious fact in JVatural History. — The large 

 snails which are foimd in gardens and woods, 

 discharge a whitish substance, with a slimy and 

 gelatinous appearance, which has been known to 

 cement two pieces of flint so strongly as to bear 

 dashing on the pavement without the junction be- 

 ing disturbed, although the flint broke into frag- 

 ments by fresh fractures. 



It is stated in the annals of the Horticultural 

 Society of Paris, that the white maize (Indian 

 corn) of China, although it produces a smaller 

 grain than the maize of Pennsylvania, which has 

 been hitherto much cultivated in France, yields 

 more abimdantly, and gives a much finer flour. 

 Some Chinese maize, sown in the south of France 

 during the present year, is stated to have turned 

 out very well, notwithstanding the badness of tlie 

 season. — Lit. Gazette. 



Mr Stephenson, the Engineer, to whose loco- 

 motive was awarded the £500 premium, in a late 

 communication, says "the Rocket actually accom- 

 plished oiie mile in one minute and twenty sec- 

 onds ; being at the rate of forlyjive miles an hour. 



Rhode Island — The Legislature of this year 

 has passed a law (38 to 20) for abolishing all 

 regimental, and all company trainings, excej)! one 

 each year. 



