232 



NEW EiNGLANJ) FARM Ell. 



Felj. .-., 1830. 



M I S C E L L A i\ I i: S. 



Wc have been induced to make an otceplion to our ge- 

 neral rule not to insert obituary nouccs in ttic New Eng- 

 land Farmer, from friendship to (he relatives of the de- 

 ceased, and a wi»b to give publicity lo cITusions of a 

 personal friend of her, whose virtues lliey commemorate. 



Died, at Rull.md, Vl. on the last dny of 1829, Miss 

 Sarah Hooickb, daughter of Dr Thomas Hooker, 

 in the 23d year of her age. To her numerous and re- 

 specteil friends no one may write her eulogy. She was 

 above the reach of common panegyric; — jinl if, among 

 her acquuinl.mcc, some one should dare to p;iint her to 

 those who had not seen the original, the likeness will be 

 censured, as loo peifcct for humanity. All should rejoice 

 that she had lived ; — none should lament that she has 

 more happiness than the condition of apostate earth could 

 have given to her. 



So cisl from Ilcrnion's sacied mount, had come 

 The holy dew :— on Sharon's rose, stood bright 

 In vernal suns, one precious, hallow'd drop. 

 The pa.sshig pilgrim marvel'd aught so pure 

 On earth could be. It drank a beam from heaven, 

 .\nd upward went, to shine in endless day. 

 Boston, January, 1830. 



Abstracts from Silliman's " Journal of Scittice and 



Arts," for January, 1830. — By the Editor of the 



Hampshire Gazdte. 



Origin of springs and fountains. — Gnorge W. 

 Long uililuces facts I'roni wliich he tliinks it may 

 be (leinonstrati;.! tliut siiiiiigs flowing on the 

 siJes of liills, nnd in ilcep places aiiU wuUs receive 

 their water frotii the condeii.sation of vapor ex- 

 haled under tiie surface and not from rains. 

 The licavicst raina seldom penetrate iriore than 

 a few inches, especially en tlie sides of hills 

 where springs are llic most numerous. Springs 

 that have their sources near tlie surface fail in 

 periods of drouglil, because the vapor escapes 

 through the ilry earth into the attuosplicre. Rains 

 or a moist atmosphere hy moistening the 

 ground, form an impediment to the escape of 

 the vapor. Thi-re is a great amount of exhalation 

 in the form of vapor, eonstnntly going on from the 

 interior of the earth towards its surface ; strata of 

 rocks and various kinds of earth oppose the escape 

 of this vapor and convert it into water which falls 

 into cavities or saturates the earth underneath 

 aiul gives a supply for springs. The origiti of tlie 

 subtcrrntieau water which affords the exhalation is 

 not ex|)lained. The cilitor suggests that it may 

 be dcrivcil, not directly but idtirnatcly from rains 

 and waters u|)on the surface, whicli sink into the 

 earth, nnd are distributed through the interior, or 

 there may be some great subterranean re.servoirs 

 of water. He does not doubt the formation of 

 vapor, and its condensation into water in the earth 



Mechanics. — Zachariah .\llcn has published at 

 Providcncr, " The Science of Mechanics, adapted 

 as a Alanunl for .Mechanics and Manufacturers." 

 Thi.s book may save the expense of many usclcs- 

 and abortive experinuints. An immense amount 

 of property has been sijuandercd in unavailing ex- 

 periment.'', and in the construction of mills and 

 machinery, frotii the want of u theoretical kiiow- 

 leilge of mcelianieal powers, and a practical know- 

 ledge of their application. This work treats of 

 gravitation, cohesion, friction, heat, motion, hy- 

 drodynamics, water wheels, pneumatics, wintl- 

 mills, elements of mnrhinery, wheel work, &c. 



In regard to heating rooms, Mr Allen calculates 

 that it costs ten times as much for fuel to pro- 

 duce an eiiual degree of heat in an apartment by 

 means of ordinary open fire places, us hy close 

 Btoves, with long pipes ; and that an open Frank- 



lin stove retpiires nearly tlinre times the e\pci)se 

 for fuel as a close stove with lung pi|;cB. 



The motion of overriioi water wheels is some- 

 limes seriously obstructed by the quantity of back 

 water sucked up by the ascending; bucket, when 

 it first leaves the water. l)r Itigelow says this 

 dilliculiy may be remedied by ituikinga few small 

 hides near the base^of the bucket, conuiumiealing 

 with the next bucket. The air will enter through 

 these boll's, and prevent the suction ; the water 

 which escapes through the holes otjly llows from 

 one bucket to the next, and its effect is inconsid- 

 erable, when compared with the advantage gained. 



Cause of morning fog over rivers. — A fog is 

 formed whenever watery vapor arising from the 

 earth meets with coliler air, which condenses it. 

 A river does not become sensibly colder during 

 the night than it was the preceding day, but the 

 air over the land becomes a nundior of degrees 

 colder, and the vapor from the river, which is 

 nearly as nuich hy night as by day, coming into 

 contact with colder air, is condensed into fog. 



Malaria, or bad air. — The Journal has a long 

 article to show that fever nnd ague, intermitting 

 and rcmilling f'ivers, and sotnc other diseases, re- 

 sidt from those poisonous exhalations, which arise 

 from marshes, morasses, ponds, canals, swamps, 

 wet pastures and meadows, bogs, newly cleared 

 lands, neglected gardens nnd ruins, and inundated 

 plantations. Juicy weeds and aquatic plants in a 

 state of decay yield more of these noxious efflu- 

 via than other vegetables. To subdue the causes 

 of malaria, it is recommended to drain or fill up 

 wet groumls, and to prevent t!ic collection of pools 

 and standing water where vegetation flourishes. 

 Next in importance, are cleanliness and ventila- 

 tion. Fire and smoke have been found of great 

 utility. In the low coinitries of Carolina, emi- 

 grants, teamsters, &c, find no injury from sleeping 

 in the oi)en air, because they build a large fire of 

 logs, and lay themselves beside it. 



Burying grounds. — .\ writer in the Jonrnnl 

 disapproves the custom of burying iinder eluirches. 

 The momiments raised over the dead in churches 

 cherish pride instead of humility. " Make not 

 your church a show house, is a lesson which can- 

 not be too strongly inculcated." The New Kiig- 

 land custom of having one burying ground com- 

 iTion to all denominations, is the best, and is every 

 year becoming more prevalent throughout the 

 United States. There is no reason why wc should 

 carry our distinctive religious characters to the 

 grave, where speculations and forms can no longer 

 profit us. 



Diamonds. — The mines of Brazil furnish annu- 

 ally from S-l to 30,000 carats, (a carat is four 

 grains) or from 10 to 13 pouiuls of rough dia- 

 moiuls. The expense of explontig the mines is 

 about seven ilollars per carat. If a slave finds a 

 diamond of more than 70 grains, ho obtains his 

 freedom. A rough diamond weighing one carat 

 sells liir $0 ; two carats 830 ; four carats 8111 ; 

 eight carats 8.')7G ; sixteen carats S230-J, &:c. A 

 cut diamond, weighing sixteen cnral.s, if the form 

 and color jdeasp, is worth 8!)'216. The culling of 

 diamonds is effected by means of diamoiul pow- 

 der on a horizontal wheel of soft steel. The dia- 

 mond consists of pure crystallized carbon, or pure 

 charcoal. 



JValiiral Gas.— The village of Frcdonia, N. Y. 

 about 10 miles from Buffalo, and two from I.nke 

 F.rie, is lighted by natural gas. The innainmable 



iias ascends through a hole in the fetid limestuni 

 rock, and is conveyed by pipes through the w 

 village ; 100 ligliLs arc fed from it at an cxpens 

 of one dollar and City cents yearly for each. Th 

 gas is supposed to come from beds of bituminou 

 coal. 



Humboldt. — This celebrated traveller has mad 

 a scientific tour in Siberia. He pushed his n 

 searches to the outposts of China, and visited th 

 Chinese commaiidanl, who was scaled in his tei 

 dressed in silks, with a long peacock's feather in li 

 cap ; for a bit of red velvet he sold Humboldt a liii 

 lorical work in Chinese. The traveller explored th 

 Ural mountains, and the nnnes of platina, gol< 

 &:c. The gold is found in the sands, a little 1" 

 low the surface ; lumps of IS and 20 |iouuds .-i 

 sometimes obtained. 



3"" 



Tomato .Mustard and Ketchup. 

 For Bale at the Agricultural Warehouse, No. 52 Nofl 

 Marke: street, Tomato Mustard, on excellent article i-^ 

 beef steaks, roast meats, &c. made in the best manut ^ 

 by a person regularly educated at the buainesn in Kuro| 

 — -price ijO cents per bottle — al.so. Tomato Ketchup, pi 

 pared by the same person. In diHerent sized botllea- 

 pricos So, or 33 cents per bottle. Oct. IC. 



Powder at 2s per lb. 

 DL'PONT'S POWDER, quality warranicd, for tale 

 Ct'P'-t'iTul's Ammutiilinn Store, (ja Hroad si, al retail. A 

 SHOT, CAPS. &c. o( the tfil qualily—rhrsp for rash. 



Green House Plants and Flotcers. 



The sutiscnber. gnrdrncr to J. Pni.vti;, llx]. al Jamai 

 Plaias. Kitxbury. has for sale a large varieiy of plants, (amo 

 ihem iU varieties of Camellia Japonica from S* '" S^ '^■'"^ 

 also flowers for liouqueis; and in llie proper seaw.n, a var»i 

 nf iiardv shrubs, plants, and Iruit trees ; also, a iiuaniiiy nl B 

 for borders, al reasonable prices. EDWARD SAVER. 



Jamaica Plains, Jan. 15, 1831). 4( 



Fine Stud Horse For Sale. 

 A beautiful dark bay s;ud. half blood of the English draa| 

 horse, fifieen and a h.ilf hands liiph. sirong nud xrllfonm 

 eight ^ears old the ensuing spring, is offered for sale. He is 

 sure fual gelier, fine figure, Icind in any harness, and cam 

 fail lo give satisfaclinn. fits sloek has proved exeetlent. a ^ 

 have sold al SoO. al 'wir innnilis old. Apply (posi paid) 

 J. B. Ri;SSELL, Publisher of iHe Xcw Englaud Farmer. 



eop4l Jan. Id n i 



Hemp Seed. 



For sale at the Seed Store connected with the Kcw Engia 

 farmer, SC, North Mai kei Sireei, 



A few bushels of prime lleinjj Seed, for sowing, gronib 

 1829, (raised wliollv t'rom the celebrated \'ergeniies seed, vsli 

 cost jo per bushel.) ll is a small loi of unccminon^ S 

 iiualily, and farmers who are turning their nlteiition lo ihe o 

 lure of liiis profiial>Ie planl.ean secure excellcni see<l, al 

 per bushel, if applied for soon. if Jan. 15. 



Gardener Wanled. 

 The subscriber wishes lo employ a eardrner wbouni'ersiai 

 bis profession, and can produce saii.stnciory reii.iomcndaiKH 

 permanent employ nnd good encour.igemcnt will lie givrn. I 

 aliealio.i niav tie made at 5-lC, Washiiiptensirre 1. lin.«ion. 

 '^Jan.S. tf THOMAS BREWER. 



Seneca Oil. 



A few irallnix Srneoa oil, for sale bv 

 Jnn J! It • JONATHAN P. ilAI. I.. Jk 



.N... 1, rMK.nslre.-l. Ilo.l. 



I'uhllslii'd every Fridny.nl 53 per annum, payable nt I ' 

 end of ihe vear— bui those »ho pay «iihin si»iy dnjsfmui I b 

 time of suli'scrlbing. are entiiledio a deduction o( fifiv rcni«. 



(Jj* No paper will bo sent to adislnncc wiihoul pay nicut I 

 in" mntle in ndvance. 



Primed lor J. IJ. RussFtL. hy I. R. Pitts— by «!■ 

 all desiriplions of Priming enii be exernird lo ineei ilie » i-l 

 of customers. Ordersfor priming received l>y J. II. Rcfsu 

 at the Agricultural Warehouse Ko. .52 North »lnlk^^:^Ul 



AorSTS. 

 ;Vw y.'rk—C. TiioKUUits A Sox . 1^7 1,ih<-rly-«ireet. 

 Pkiladelphiit-\t. (i C l.jMinKTii. 1!S rhe>iuui-»ireel. 

 rtuftimorr— G. IV Smith. Olhee of the American Farmer 

 >tf»imt/— Hon. Jr,«si: Iti'KI., .. „ ^ . 



fliuhiti', Pi 1'. Wm PniHCK &Solit, Pmp. Lin. Dot. Gar<l« 

 /y.irt/iW-tiooiiwiN \ Sons. 

 Ihlifiix. N. B.— P. J. lloi.i.ASii. Esq. Ueconler Office. 



OKi 



