*, Vol. VIII.— No. 33- 



^ ichines for separating the lint from the fibre. — 



AND HORTICULTURAL JOURNAL. 



259 



id, 



3. Because the process of water rotting. 

 J lich is taking place of the old dew rotting ine- 

 )d, increases the value of the article, and ren- 

 rs American hemp equal in quality and value to 

 U of Russia or Piedmont. 

 I Specimens of Russia and American water rot- 

 ij I hemp have been submitted to various and re- 

 lied experiments, particularly in our naval ser- 

 B, and the comparisons have resulted in a full 

 iviction, that the latter is nowise inferior to the 

 mer in strength or durability. The inference 

 )lain, that American hemp will command the 

 It price, whenever it is brought to market in as 

 feet a condition as the foreign commodity, 

 perience, and the prospect of gain, will prove 

 pie correctives on this head. 

 Lastly, it might be amply demonstrated, by the 

 ■larations of men of practical knowledge, that 

 lip is one of the most profitable crops that a 

 mer can raise, whose grounds are adapted to 

 growth, and where proper attention is paid to 

 ; management of the crop. I will quote but 

 idividiial at present, and that is a respecta- 

 0, Mr Satnuel Lathrop, of West Springfield, 

 iss. 



After stating that the principal labor required 

 the hemp crop, is ajiplied at seasons of most 

 sure on the farm ; and that every considerable 

 mer, who has suitable grounds, might raise a 



V acres, without interfering with his ordinary 

 irse of husbandry, Mr Lathrop thus speaks of 

 ! products anil profits : — 

 "The average crop is six to seven hundred 

 unds the acre. I have raised nine or ten, but 

 s was an unusual crop. The land was strong 

 i in very good tilth. The hemp grew to a great 



ht, and was very uniform throughout the piece, 

 e price of hemp in market has varied, of late 

 irs, from $10 to $12,50 per hundred. Scarce 



Y crop of field culture can be put upon the land, 

 ich will produce so great a result. 



" It is not uncommon for the farmer to let out 

 land upon shares. In that case the usual terms 

 , that the owner of the land prepares the 

 )und, and fiirnishes one half the seed. The oc- 

 [lant furnishes the other half of the seed, and 

 forms all the labor, after the seed is harrowed 

 and returns to the owner one half of the seed, 

 i one half of the hemp prepared for market, 

 one instance I have received for the use of my 

 d, more than fortyfive dollars an acre, clear pro- 

 Tlie moiety of the seed returned to me was 

 ply sufficient to pay my part of the seed fur- 

 lied, and the labor of preparing the ground. 

 'The hemp grown in this neighborhood, when 

 11 dressed, commands the highest price of the 

 t Russian Hemp, and is as readily purchased 

 the manufacturers of cordage." — See JV. E. 

 rmer, April 9, 1829. 



Persons disposed to commence the culture of 

 lip, and in want of reed, are referred to Mr 

 N Godfrey, State-street, at Albany. And any 

 rmation in my power to give, of service to the 

 'cultivator, will be cheerfully rendered, through 

 I medium of the Albany Argus, or otherwise, 

 may be desired. J. BUEL. 



Mbany, Feb. 3, 1830. 



to see if they were all in a safe condition, when, 

 tu my surprise, I found one of the most valuable 

 hives entirely destitute of bees either dead or alive. 

 On inspection, I found the hive plentifully stored 

 with honey, and in good condition in every re- 

 spect. 



Last year I lost n swarm in the same way. It 

 came out early in the season, and appeared to do 

 well. Late in the fall I observed they ceased to 

 move on pleasant days as the others did ; when 

 on examination I found the hive entirely deserted 

 by the bees, but well filled with honey. I have 

 known of several other instances of this kind, 

 the circumstances relating to them being the 

 same. Now if the cause of such oecurrences 

 could be shown by some one through the medi- 

 um of your paper, it would much gratify the cu- 

 'iosity of AN INQUIrER. 



BEES. 



Wr Editor — A few days ago I went to my 

 house, for the purpose of examining my bees, 



BREAKING STEERS TO THE YOKE. 



Mr Editor — With many farmers it is com- 

 mon to neglect the breaking of steers to the yoke, 

 and training them to business, until they are three 

 years old, and in some instances longer. Such 

 neglect must be altogether wrong, as the task 

 becomes much greater, and the chastisement and 

 suffering which they must necessarily undergo 

 dining the process of breaking is much more se- 

 vere than would be needfid at an earlier period. 



From my own experience and observation, I 

 have found it to be the better way to begin the 

 training of steers as soon as they are a year old. 

 At this early period, they are easily managed by 

 a boy of fourteen, who cannot be better or more 

 luofitably employed, for two or three hours in a 

 ilay, occasionally, than in disciplining them to the 

 yoke, and learning them to draw. When they 

 nre neglected until they are three or four years 

 old, in most instances, they never become perfect- 

 ly steady and docile ; while, on tiie other hand, if 

 trained at an early age, they seldom fail of being 

 steady and gentle, and good for business. The 

 earlier they are disciplined and trained to busi- 

 ness the better, provided they arc not made to go 

 beyond the bounds of reason, or what their age 

 and strength will admit. A FARMER. 



Worcester County, March 2. 



HORTICULTURAL ITEMS. 



NEW NATIVE PLUM. 



[Extract from a letter from J 0. Fallon, Esq. to Wiu. 

 Princt, of the Linnasan Botanic Garden.] 

 In conformity to my |)romise, I send you fifty 

 stones of the Arkansavv dwarf Plum, regarded by 

 the Indians as a most delicious fruit. It has re- 

 ceived the appellation of dwarf, on account of the 

 low bu~hes on which they grow, seldom exceed- 

 ing six feet high. They are only found in the 

 vicinity of the Arkansaw, and very high up said 

 river. 



THE ROBERTSON PEAR. 

 [Extract from a letter from Gen. Forman, of Maryland, to 

 Wm. Prince, of the- Linnsean Botanic Garden, dated 

 Nov. 11, 182S.] 



The Roberlson Pear, which I send, is highly 

 esteemed, and universally admired. It was dis- 

 covered in a thorn hedge at Naaman's Creek, De- 

 laware, by General Robertson, the owner of the 

 land, a gciitlomin who was very attentive to fruit. 

 You may call it the Naaman's Creek, or Robert- 

 son Pear, as you [ilease. It is a healthy tree, and 

 certain hearer, and conies in about ten days after 

 the Doyenne, or butter pear. The budded Judas 



scions I send, ai*e from a tree growing in my gar- 

 den, where there are several, but the tree from 

 which these buds were taken, is remarkable for 

 its rich and glowing pink blossoms. The Persim- 

 mon scions are from my early fruit ; and strange 

 to tell, I have no other kind upon the estate, while 

 the surrounding farms have none but the austere 

 winter variety. We commence eating of mine 

 about the first of October, and at this time we 

 could not fill a plate from them, although they 

 ripen in succession, as they have matured and 

 past. 



[Extract of a letter from E. Smallwood, Esq. of North 

 Carolina, to Wm Prince, of the Linnsan Botanic Gar- 

 den, dated Dec. 30, 1829.] 



I send you some scions of the Williams' apple, 

 a kind particularly suited to the climate of^ the 

 Carolinas and Georgia. I have them now in my 

 house, and they will keep here until March. All 

 other apples have been gone long since. I have 

 seen no apple so durable for a southern country ; 

 they will not do well to the north, your season is 

 too short for them. They are not a handsome 

 apple, but their great excellency is their keeping 

 so well. I also send you some scions of a supe- 

 rior Sugar Pear; it is the emperor of all pears. 



P. S. Mr Prince has no remark to make, ex- 

 ce[)t that the scions were all received in excellent 

 condition, and have grown vigorously the past 

 season. 



Brighton Market — Monday, March 1. 

 (Reporled for the Chronicle aud Patriot.) 



TAt market this day, 353 Beef Cattle— 32 

 Stores : 668 Sheep and 200 Swine, divided as 

 follows : Upper Market, 232 Beef Cattle : 8 Stores 

 and 199 Sheep. Lower Market, 121 Beef Cattle ; 

 24 Stores: 469 Sheep and 300 Swine. 



The market today was not very brisk, and sales 

 went ofi" rather slow — middling qualities of Beef 

 at a reduction of near 25 cts. per cwt. from last 

 week's prices. The host Cattle, we believe, fully 

 supported former rates — one pair in particular, 

 owned and fattened by Capt. Benj. Harrington, of 

 Princeton, attracted considerable attention, calcu- 

 lated to weigh 3400 lbs. This is the tenth pair, 

 we understood the gentleman to say, that he has 

 fatted, which have weighed over 1600 lbs. the 

 bullock. They were purchased by Mr I. Wise, 

 price not exactly known — su|)pr.sed at $200, who 

 will exhibit them at his Stall, No. 48, Faueuil Hall 

 Marke", and where the epicure can have a "taste 

 of the quality" in the course of the week. 



iS'iorc Cuttle, continue low and dull. Milch 

 Cowi; but few at market, aud of very .inferior 

 quality — we noticed sales of a very few at from 

 16 to"$22 each. 



Sheep — Business in the Sheep Market today 

 was very limited — we noticed the sales of one lot 

 of 88 at iii2 70 : one do. 25 at $1 67, and one of 

 more importance : a lot of 58 at $5 over $5 per 

 head, owned and fatted by Mr Alpheus Anderson, 

 of Shelhurne — the same gentleman fatted 108 

 last year, for whicii he obtained $5 50 per head. 

 We take pleasure in recording these rare occur- 

 rences, because they agree with our notions of 

 grazing ; how it can be profitable to raise the tens 

 of thousands of animals in the shape of Sheep, 

 that are yearly driven to market, and sold from 

 75 cts. to $1 25 per head, we have yet to learn. 



Swine — Those mentioned above are the same 

 we reported last week — the only sale we noticed 

 was a lot of 100 at 4 cts. per lb. 



