270 



Nr.W EXGLAM) I AUMER, 



Mnr. 12, 1630. 



pale rcti, wlme, Hcsh colored, yelloxv, yellow ni.d been ino.lc l.y foreign floriculturisla to increase 

 white, or red and white rtowers. They grow in , tlic catalogue of Roses, l.y producing new kinds 

 rich soil.-, and along the borders of swamps and from the .scc.ls ; and so fortunate havr: been their 



streum.s ; si;vciul of lliciii are coinriion iu Worces- 

 ter, Princeton, Dougla.s, Sandwich, and many 

 parts of this state. 



3. — Aznha CnUndulacea. Grows in light sandy 

 soils. There are three varieties, with flame, rose 

 colored, and bright yellow flowers. 



4. — Azalea Cunescens. Flowers rose colored. 



5. — Azalta ISicolur. Flowers of a palo rose 

 color, or nearly white, with a deep red tube. 



RIIODODENnnOiN. 



There are three species of this superb genera 

 of flowering shrubs in the United Stales ; the 

 Maximum, I'unctntum, and Catawbienso. 



1, — Rhododendron Maximinii, or RosQ Bay, 

 usually presents iisell" in the form of a shrub of 

 less than ten feet high ; but it soinctiiiies rises to 

 the lieiglit of twontylivc feet, with a diameter of 

 five inches. It is found from Canada to near the 

 eout.heni extremity of the Ifnion. The leaves are 

 lose colored when beginning to uiifuld, and arc 

 covered with a red down ; when fully expanded, 

 they are scnootli, five or si.\ inches long, of an 

 elongated oval form, and of a thick texture. They 

 arc evergreen. The flowers aro commonly rose 

 colored, with yellow dots on the inside. I'ursli 

 has designated three varieties of this species. 



1. The Ued, which inhabits swamps, and the 

 borders of mountain lakes, from Maine to Ca- 

 rolina ; 



2. White, found in the swamps of New Jersey 

 and Delaware ; 



3. Purple, on the highest mountains of Vir- 

 ginia and Carolina. This last variety is reprc 

 scnted as peculiarly icagnlficent, growing to the 



■sizi; of a small tree, and its foliage triple the size 

 of any other species. 



Besides the above named ornamental shrubs 

 and trees, there are numerous others, which claim 

 our attention from their rich foliage and suiierb 

 flowers. 



The Gordonia Laaianlhua, or Loblolly Bay, and 

 the Gordonia Pubescens, or Franklinia, are ma"!!!- 

 ficent flowering trees. They are natives of the 

 most sixithcrn states, but the former has been ciil- 



• xpcrimenis, that Desi-ortes has given a nnmcp- 

 duture of 2562 varieties, which were cultivated 

 in France in 1828. 



Most sincerely. 



Your obedient servant, 

 Brinley Place, ) II. A. S. DEARBORN. 

 March 3, 1830. / 



EXTRACT yo. VII. 



From the Annales D'Hortlculturc. 



Inalruclions for artificially fecundating Carnations 



cultivated in pots :—[>y M. Fries-Morel. 



The numerous varieties of Carnations, which 

 can be obtained by artificial fecundation, should 

 induce amateurs to devote themselves to this pro- 

 cess. The manner of proceeding is as follows : 



The operation must be performed, before the 

 blossom is entirely expanded. The corollas should 

 be carefully o|iencd, and the anthers immediately 

 extracted with delicate scissors, great caution be- 

 ing used not to wound the fillets which siipport 

 them, or any other part of the flower. The fa- 

 vorable moment for executing this, is that which 

 precedes the rising of the sun ; because at that 

 time, the pollen being humid, it is closely attach- 

 ed to the anthers. 



Between eight and nine o'clock, the plants be- 

 ing exposed to the full influence of the sun,— the 

 perfectly matured pollen from another variety of 

 carnation, must be taken and placed with care 

 upon the stigma of the flortcr, which it is intend- 

 ed to fecundate, and from which the anthers have 

 been extracted ; repeat this operation, two or 

 three times during the day. 



If the process has been successful, the flower, 

 on which the experiment was made, will fade or 

 wither in twentyfour or tbirtysix hours ; on the 

 contrary, if fecundation has not been eft'ected, the 

 corolla will preserve entire, for ten or twelve 

 days and more, all its freshness and splendor ; it 

 will then be necessary to repeat the operation, 

 which should always be performed in dry wea- 

 ther; and it is proper that the plant should he 



The number of sceils obtained by an is uc> 

 so considerable, as when nature operates alone. 



Plants which aro artificially fecundated, ai 

 not so much visited by bees, and other insec 

 probably because these plants have beer, depriv 

 of their anthers. 



NEW ENGLAND FARMER. 



BOSTOX, FRIDAY, MARCH 12, 1830. L 



tivated in the Botanical Garden, founded by Dr protected from the rain and mist, until a swell 



IIosicK, near New York ; and the latter in I\I 

 Bartram's garden, four or five miies from Pliila 

 delpliia, which formore than twentyfivcyearsit re 

 mained uninjured by the severity of the winter- 

 it is therefore probable they may bo acclimated as 

 far north as Boston, 



Seeds of the Azalea, Kalmia, Andromeda, Mag- 

 nolia, Tulifi Tree, and Sassafras, have been sent, 

 within a few years, to Catros and Gerand, of 

 Bordeaux, by Mr IIuisler, a very respectable 

 nurseryman of Baltimore ; which have been suc- 

 cessfully planted, and all that part of Franco is 

 now supplied with those highly prized shrubs nnd 

 trees. 



In the garden of Fromont, there are 30,000 

 Magnolia, and SO.OOO Kalmia plants, which have 

 been raised from the si;ed, within three years ; 

 ami nearly one hnnilred kinds of the A/.aIca are 

 cultivated in that extensive establishment. The 

 garduncrs of the Netherlands have bestowed great 

 attention to the cultivation of this beautiful native 

 of onr forests; ami one of the varieties recenllv 

 obtained, by artificial fecundiilion, has been sold 

 for 800 florins, or 320 dollars. 



Within a few years, surprising efi'orts have 



IS perceived in the ovary or germ. 



By fre(pient waterings, and exjiosing the plants 

 to the north, the maturity of the pollen and the 

 stigma may be retarded. 



The duration of the faculty of procreation va- 

 ries remarkably in the |)ollcn of several plants of 

 the same species ; in some it continues only for 

 two or three days, but in others from ten to 

 twelve. 



When the fecundation has really taken place, 

 the pollen, which had been artificially placed up- 

 on the stigma, remains so closely attached, that it 

 cannot be removed with a hair fiencil ; it changes 

 form and color, and soon disappears; but this is 

 not the ca.se, if the fecundation has not been per- 

 fect, and the pollen is easily detached from the 

 stigma ; its color and form is not changed, and it 

 remains visible, until the total destruction of the 

 flower. 



The greater the <piantlty of the pollen, the 

 lar;;iT is the number of the seeds. 



The plant which has been artificially fecun- 

 dated, yields seeds, which generally produre fliuv- 

 cis formed like the mother; but llio colors resem- 

 ble those of the father. 



TO PRESERVE BACON SOL-ND AXrfc 

 SWEET TIIROIGH THE SLMMKR. 



In the American Farmer, vol. iii. p. l.'jfl, «■ 

 published a communication from .'Mr J. W. Li 

 e-.|n, of Worcester, recommending that hams, a .^ 

 ter being smoked, should be packed away in oai ^ 

 I followed his advice last year, and really feel : 

 much indebted to him for the hint, thai I mu 

 thus publicly thank him ; and for the benefit of n 

 neighbors, ask you to republish his letter. To gi' 

 the best proof of the beautiful state of prcserv 

 lion secured by this met!. .id I senri yon a ha : 

 weighing 11;^ pounds; \ on will find it perfect 

 fi(!sli and fiill of essence— free from all soi 

 of .■^pcck or blemish. Those practising this ino< 

 of preserving their bacon free from skippers 

 taint of any kind, should recollect that the th. 

 or cask should be perfectly tight, and raised nbn 

 six inches from the surface of the ground, ai 

 the oats paitked in rpiite tight. A ham of th 

 size should be boiled 3.i hours at least. 



(t?° We can seldom undertake to speak fro 

 experience about recipes, but in this cose we ci 

 vouch fiir its accuracy, from reliance both on tl 

 word and judgment of both the writers. But 

 must not be expected that the oats will conve 

 bail bacon into good ; all that is promised is th 



this will preserve it in statu quo Ed. Jimerici 



Farmer, 



Another mode of preserving all kinds ofsmoki 

 meats is this. " Take a tierce or box, and cov 

 the bottom with charcoal, reduced to small piec. 

 but not to dust ; cover the legs or pieces of me 

 with stout brown paper, sewed around so as 

 excluile all dust ; lay them down on the coal 

 compact order, then cover the layer with coa 

 and so on till your 4]nsiness is done ; and covi 

 the top with a good thickness of coal." 



A writer lorn paper called '< The Genius 

 Liberty," who signs "^0/111 Putltr," says, " I hai 

 for more than twenty years past, kept nieat hanj 

 ing up,;,* my smoke house, through the summ« 

 season, and no fly or bug has injured it. 



" To prevent such injury, I take clean stron 

 ley, made of wood ashes; I commonly boil ii„i 

 make it stronger than it generally runs off, then 

 take my bacon and snioke<l beef, having two < 

 three gallons of the ley in a large iron kettle, 

 take each piece of meat, and dip it into the loj 

 so that it is completely welled with it, then I le 

 it dry ; then I hang the meat in its former pluc( 

 By this process I have invariably found that 

 kept the meat free from bugs and worms, and ; 

 toste of ley is over perceived, not even on tl 

 outside." 



Another mode of preserving ham, wc are ir 

 formed, is practised by mnny, who supply li 

 Boston market with that article. A piece of r.v 

 vas, cotton, or some other suitable cloth, is sc«, 

 tightly nb.iiit tiic bam, anil this is overlaid ui; 

 l«o or three coalings of lime white-wasb, whirl 

 is said to thoroughly preserve ihe inclosed orticU. 



tbi 



