J26, Jan. 



Feb. 

 527, Jan. 



Feb. 



Vol. VIII.— Nn. 37 



AND HORTICULTURAL JOURNAL. 



291 



27, 

 31, 

 1, 

 17, 

 18, 

 19, 

 20, 



21, 

 2 



12! 



Siiniise 

 12, P. M. 



Siiiirise 



below 



go 



lOi" below ' 



0" ' ' 



40 



30 



8° 



40 



below 



328. No severely coIJ weather this year. 



329, Jan. 3, Sunrise 6° below zero. 



Feb. 

 330, Jan. 



By the above it ai)pears, that we have had 

 ore severely cold weather in the aggregate, this 

 inter, than in any other winter since 1823. 



rOK THE NEW ENGLAND FARMIR. 



Mr FEssE?fDEiV — I was pleased to see the re- 

 arks of ' A Nurseryman,' in the New England 

 irmer. No. 31, current volume. Many, who 

 e but partially acquainted with the cultivation 

 fruit trees, prefer, when they purchase, those 

 large size, to those of moderate height. Those 

 a largo size are, generally, held at the same 

 ice as those of moderate size, wheD, in fact, 

 ey are not worth half as much. 

 The great ])oints are these : Is the tree healthy? 

 it thrifty ? is it well shaped ? is it the kind de- 

 •ed ? As to the three first, the purchaser 

 ;ht to judge for himself; but as to the latter, 

 must depend on the seller. It is best for all 

 ose who purchase fruit trees, to see to the ta- 

 ng up and setting out themselves ; and should 

 ey be unacquainted with the business, to em- 

 oy some one who understands it. 

 It is of the utmost consequence, that the nur- 

 ryman keep the different varieties distinctly re- 

 irded in the nursery book. It has frequently 

 ppened, that the purchaser Iws been unfortu- 

 Ltely deceived in the fruit trees which he pur- 

 ased ; they jnoving not the varieties which 

 re desired and pretended to bo. It is no small 

 sappointmentto a man, when he has purchased 

 number of fruit trees, supposed to be the varic- 

 ;hich he wanted, planted them with care, 

 irsed them with diligence, and guarded them 

 ith attention, and after 3, 4, 5 or 6 years, when 

 ey come to bear fruit, to find it such as ho did 

 )t want, or wish to have, and perhaps be obliged 

 graft the trees anew. In this case, the pur- 

 laser not only suffers disappointment, but loss 

 ' both time and money. His labor is lost, his 

 ipectations are cut off, and he is left, at this late 

 )ur, without a remedy. 



Out of a number of disappointments of this 

 nd, which the writer has experienced, only one 

 all be named, and that with a view to show the 

 ;tent of a single error, and to correct the evil in 

 lure. He applied to a worthy gentleman, an 

 ent of a nurseryman at a distance, for a num- 



ber of fruit trees, among which were two 'Xarge 

 early York rareripes,' one ' Late purple smooth 

 skin' peach, a!id one ' Early scarlet' nectarine. — 

 The names, and if recollection do not deceive, the 

 numbers annexeil, were taken from the mn-sery- 

 man's catalogue ; so that there could be no mis- 

 take as to the varieties wanted. The trees were 

 sent in fine order ; and iilanled with care. They 

 were thrifty and grew well: — but the 'rareripes' 

 proved to be clingstones ; the ' purple smooth 

 skin,' proved to be a ivell coated peach, a little s[)Ot- 

 ted with red, neijier early nor late, name un- 

 known ; the ' early scarlet' njectarine proved to be 

 late, with a little red on the sunny side, and at no 

 time pleasant to the palate. But error, chagrin, 

 and disappointment, did not stop here. Buds of 

 all these varieties were used in a nursery, and the 

 young inoculated trees were sold for extra fine 

 varieties from a distance, before the true character 

 of the fruit was known. 



When men pay, and dearly too, for being de- 

 ceived and disappointed, no wonder that they 

 should lose confidence, at least in those who have ] 

 thus deceived them. Nor is it strange, that those 1 

 who unfortunately deceive the purchaser, should 

 lose ' patronage' and ' reputation.'' 



A little care would prevent such mistakes ; for 

 we are unwilling to suppose, that they take place 

 by design. R. GREEN. 



Mansfield, March 8, 1830. 



From the American Farmer. 



CULTURE OP CARROTS— THEIR VALUE 

 AS FOOD FOR HORSES. 



Having for several years associated more or less 

 with English agriculturalists, I have been frequent- 

 ly informed by thern, of the various uses and val- 

 uable properties of the common red carrot ; a 

 vegetable well known to every family, but almost 

 wholly unknown as applicable to other important 

 purposes in this country. 



The first trial I made with them as food for 

 horses, some years back, induced me to use them 

 regularly ever since ; experience therefore, has con- 

 firmed me in the opinion, that of all the tribe of 

 vegetables yet known, there is nothing compara- 

 ble to the carrot. 



In the spring of 1823, I rented about a fifth 

 of an acre of ground — it had been previously nia- 

 nured and ploughed — on which I sowed the or- 

 ange carrot seed ; owing to a dry and celd s[)ell 

 of weather they did not come up so soon ns they 

 ought to have done, and the continued drought 

 when they did come up, retarded their growth 

 materially ; it was not till midsummer they were 

 refreshed by continued showers, and assumed a 

 luxuriant appearance. In the course of the sea- 

 son they were weeded three times, and ploughed 

 once ; the beginning of November, they were 

 ploughed up and yielded ninety bushels. 



A friend of mine raised from one third of an 

 acre this season 200 bushels, — his land was of 

 bad quality — a stiff clayey loam, which had been 

 previously in grass and become a hard sod ; with 

 his accustomed good management and attention 

 to keeping down all weeds by means of a plough, 

 I wholly attribute his success ; had my land been 

 ploughed and managed as well as his, I should 

 doubtless have had one hundred and forty bushels 

 owing to its better quality. 



The expense attending the cultivation of an 

 acre of carrots would be 15 dollars, an average 

 crop 500 bushels, making the first cost equal to 



three cents per bushel. Those who have large 

 stocks of cattle might be enal)led to keep such 

 stocks without expense in good order throughout 

 the winter ; and good farms depend nearly as 

 much upon the effect of good keeping, as the re- 

 sult of good breeding. 



An erroneous opinion prevails that horses arc 

 not fund of carrots ; it may doubtless be so in 

 some rare instances. In this case they should be 

 fed sparingly at first, and a fondness inevitably 

 follows. I have frequetitly endeavored to discov- 

 er whether they did not i)refer them to oats and 

 corn; however by giving the three at once, they 

 would eat of each alternately without appearing 

 to show any preference. 



From repeated experiments I have estimated a 

 bushel of carrots at least equal to a busliel of 

 oats, and am not certain they are not equal to a 

 bushel and a half; their proportion of nutritive 

 matter has been accurately ascertained, and found 

 to exceed that of almost any other vegetable. 



In recommending to the public the cultivation 

 and use of this valuable root, I can have no sinis- 

 ter motive ; but I v.ill venture to aflirm, that those 

 who will give it a trial, will not be disappointed in 

 its effects. 



The great variety of disorders to which horses 

 are subject, arise chiefly from high feeding and 

 the want of regular exercise, — how admirably 

 calculated then is the carrot as a wholesome and 

 medicinal food, improving the wind, gently open- 

 ing the bowels, preserving t)ic >feet from fever, 

 (the forerunner of thrash, &c,) and giving to the 

 coat a sleek and polished ajipearance. 



For the information of those who maybe unac- 

 quainted with the proper manner of cultivating 

 them, I give you the mode pursued in England, 

 in the hope that some of your subscribers may 

 be benefited thereby. 



The ground should be deeply ploughed in the 

 fall of the year. In the spring it should be thrown 

 into ridges, about two feet si.x inches ai)art — ma- 

 nure is to be spread in the furrows — which fiir- 

 rovvs are then to be thrown back, leaving the ridg- 

 es the same distance apart as before. A small 

 furrow is to be made on the top of the ridges, by 

 means ol a stick or hoc — the seed sjirinkled in 

 the furrows, after which a light roller is to be 

 passed over the ground. 



When the plant is about two inches high, the 

 ground shnidd be hoe-ploughed, and the carrots 

 singled out about three or four inches apart. — 

 While growing they should be kept clean from 

 weeds by means of a hoe or hoe-plough. In No- 

 vember they may be ploughed up, by first running 

 the plough close to the plant, and then ploughing 

 them out. No other care is necessary to preserve 

 them through the winter, than to secure them 

 from the frost. 



Brighton Market — Monday, March 29. 

 (Reported for the Chronicle and Patriot ) 

 At market this day, 414 Beef Cattle, 60 Stores, 

 50 Sheep, divided as follows: Old Market, 170 

 beef cattle, 19 stores, 50 sheep. New Market, 

 242 beef cattle, 49 stores. Unsold at the close 

 of the market, 84 beef cattle, and neariy all the 

 stores. Prices did not equal the last market day 

 by nearly 2.5 cents the hundred. Swi:ie, none. 



In the income of Bucks County, Penn. as no- 

 ticed in the Treasurer's Annual rejiort, are $22.- 

 22i cents received from swearers and Sabbath 

 breakers. 



