Vol. VIII.— No. ST- 



AND HORTICULTURAL JOURNAL. 



293 



nmikets of St James an 1 Whitecliapel are 

 tiniially seen wretcheJ teams, wliicli would 

 frace the poorest districts of the poorest coun- 

 Tho small farmer in the vicinity of the me- 

 lolis, himself strangely inferior to the small 

 ner elsewhere, has too easy access to Smith- 

 J, that sink of cruelty. They who are unac- 



nted with this part of the country, would 

 rccly think it possible, that on the forests and 

 imons within a few miles of London, as many 

 ged, wild, mangled horses are to be found,, as 

 ny district of the United Kingdom, and a good 

 se is scarcely by any chance bred there. 

 ITiy be continued next week.] 



HORTICULTURE, 



VISING LILIES FRO.M SEED— AND 



GRAFTING ROSES. 

 rla Fessende.n — I inclose scverd extracts on 

 mode of raising lilies from the seed, and on 

 int experiments of grafting roses, and other 

 bs, in a variety of methods, which appear to 

 ess advantages, in many respects, over those 

 tlly practised. In Euro|)e the sweet briar is 

 'ersally employed, as the stock for nniltiplying 

 ce kinds of roses. They are collected in the 

 ds and hedges for this purpose, and cultiva- 

 fbr one or two years in the nursery, to render 

 a viaroroiis and of the proper size, before the 

 are iuscited upon them. As they are abun- 

 t iu our ]).n!;':r;.g and on the roadsides, in all 

 s of the c>juntry, there is no difficulty in ob- 

 liem in any quantity. Among the culti- 

 d garden roses, I have found none so pro- 

 ill suckers, or which so rapidly attain the 

 , proper for stalks, as the Blush Rose ; it 

 ws out suckers at a great distance, and is 

 ly taken up, without disturbing, or injuring the 

 1 plant. This species is worthy of cultivation, 

 re it is desirable to propagate a variety of ro- 

 by budding. 



Ithough the Kew-Graft appears to be best cal- 

 led to insure success in the green house, 

 ngthe various shrubs which are most ilifficult 

 s multiplied in the common mode ; still it can 

 sed with advantage, on many fruit, f ircst and 

 mental trees, and plants which are cultivated 

 le open air. 



Most respectfully. 



Your obedient servant, 

 linlei/ Place, > H. A. S. DEARBORN. 

 ch 24, 1830. I 



EXTRACT NO. XI. 

 Prom the Annales D'Horticulture. 

 ode of obtaining fruitful seeds of the White 

 by M. Du Petit Thours. 



esner states, in one of his letters, that in order 

 Main the perfect seed of the common Lily ; 

 jnecessary to cut the stalk of this plant as 

 I as the flowers have passed, and to suspend 

 the ceiling of a chamber. This experiment 

 ucceeded in Paris, especially when the stock 

 pended in a cellar. It is suprising that the 

 g seeds perish and fall, a few days after the 

 rs, if the stock is left on the root of the 



isTournefort who thus describes this process 

 Is Elements of Botany, in 1694 ; he repeated 

 lecret, but more briefly in his Institutions of 



is in one of the letters, which Conrad Ges- 



ner wrote to his friend Adolphus Otton, a physi- 

 cian, dated Zurich, 1554, that he thus describes 

 this secret. 'I have in my garden the Gladiolus 

 indicus, which produces flowers resembling your 

 Canne de'Inde, {Can?ia indica,) having like that, 

 saffron colored flowers, similar to those of tho lily ; 

 but they fall without leaving any seed. If I live 

 another year, I will cut oft" the stalk, and suspend 

 it ; it is thus that our white hly ])roduces seed ; it 

 is the same with the saffron colored lily of the moun- 

 tains (Lilium bolbifcrum,) Bulb-bearing or Orange- 

 lily, as I have proved this year.' 



It does not appear, that since these two authors 

 have made known this simple process, it has been 

 very often put in |)ractice ; but one fact proves 

 that some cultivators have been enabled to obtain 

 seed ; for there are varieties of the lily, which 

 have been known, for a long time, such as those 

 with double flowers and variegated leaves ; and 

 all our acquired knowledge, at this time, demon- 

 strates, that they cannot be obtained in any other 

 manner, than from the seeds. 



I have not followed the example of Gesner by 

 extending this process to any other plants, than 

 the white lily, and do not know any other perso?i 

 who has attempted it, except M. Kielmeyer, who, 

 in a discourse upon the formation of fruit, pro- 

 nounced in 1S06, says, that 'having made this ex- 

 periment upon the Aletris capensis, he succeeded, 

 and that he obtained a plant resembling the Or- 

 cliidea?.' 



In gardening, the Gladiolus com|)rises jdants 

 of the tuberous rooted flovvery, perennial kind ; 

 of which the species mostly cultivated are the 

 common Sword-Lily, or Corn-Flag, the Imbrica- 

 ted flowered Glodiole, the square-stalked, the nar- 

 row-leaved, and superb scarlet Gladiole (G. Car- 

 dinolis.) 



The Crown Imperial, — Fraltllaria impcrialis, 

 and numerous other species of the extensive lil- 

 iaceous family may possibly be subjected to this 

 process, and many more varieties of splendid 

 plants obtained from the seed. 



EXTRACT NO. XII. 



jVeio modes of grafting Jtoses ; by M. Millet. 



Since amateurs as well as gardeners, have re- 

 sorted to raising Roses from the seed, innumerable 

 varieties have been obtained and they are daily in- 

 creasing ; but impatient to enjoy them, horticul- 

 ture seeks every possible means to accelerate their 

 floration. Although some rose-bushes flower the 

 first year they have been sown, it is not less true, 

 that it is only in the second or third year that it 

 can be expected beautiful flowers will be produ- 

 ced. 



To accomplish this, budding is conmionly re- 

 sorted to ; but then it is neeessnry for an eye to 

 be developed. 



In the two kinds of grafting which we intend to 

 indicate, it is to be remarked, that it is not necessa- 

 ry to await the developcment of a bud, and that 

 preferring the young shoots, almost lierbactous, 

 to the ligneous, we can graft as soon as the sap 

 flows in the stocks, of older rose bushes. 

 First — The graft of a shoot. 



To succeed in this graft, a recent shoot is se- 

 lected, which is yet a little herbaceous, on which 

 there are four or five leaves, whicl> are taken off 

 the petiole or stem ; the extremity of the shoot is al- 

 so cut off, so as to leave only two or three petioles. 

 The lower end is cut obliquely from opposite the 



tirst petiole, as in forming a scion for whip graft- 

 ing ; this shoot is then inserted in an incision of 

 the bark made in the form of a T, as in comi.-ion 

 budding and secured by a bandage of yarn on the 

 shred of bass matting. To make this graft shoot 

 more vigorously, it is necessary to cot oft" the stalk, 

 six or seven inches above the scion. 



Second — Pitt Graft. 



This second graft, which has some resendilence 

 to common budding, consists in taking oft' an es- 

 cutcheon from a shoot which is still herbaceous, 

 which it is inserted on the stock in the ordinary 

 mode of budding, but without removing from it 

 the little wood which may adhere to the bark, or 

 rather the large (piantity of pith, of which the 

 escutcheon almost entirely consists ; it is seemed 

 by a bandage as above described. 



These two modes of grafting always succerded 

 when the stocks arc perfectly in sap. From the 

 first, branches a year old are preferred, on which 

 to insert the grafts, but the graft and escutcheon 

 are taken from branches almost herbaceous. 



Both of these modes have this advantage ; they 

 can be practised for six or seven months in the 

 year, without waiting until the buds are developed. 

 The pith and sap which remain in these grafts and 

 escutcheons, arc, with the cambium, which aids 

 in uniting them to the stock, sufficient to jiroduce 

 this eft"ect, and it is quite common to see roses 

 blown, within a month or two after the operation 

 of the first named graft. 



EXTRACT NO. XIII. 

 From the Annales D'Horticulture. 



Description of the Kew-Graft, invented by Mr 

 Blaikie, a horticultural architect equally well 

 known in France as in England, by M. Oscar Le- 

 clerc. 



In green holises, for delicate plants, of a con- 

 stant vegetation, particularly those having hard 

 wood, thisgraft, generally, produces results, which 

 it would be often more difficidt to obtain in any 

 other manner. 



Cut from the tree, which it is desirable to mul- 

 tiply, a scion, of a diameter equal to that upon 

 which it is intended to engraft it. After having 

 made oblique lateral incisions in each, of a cor- 

 responding extent, the oiic on the slock down- 

 wards and the other on the scion upwards, towards 

 the centre of each, a prolonged weilge is formed 

 of each tongue thus produced, by cutting off the 

 exterior scion bark ; then insert the tongue of each 

 into the incision formed for producing them, tak- 

 ing care to unite the parts, as exactly as possible. 

 This being done and the bandage applied, the 

 lower end of the scion is immersed, for some inch- 

 es, in a vessel of water. Some times the head 

 of the stock is cut off; but a shoot should be left 

 below the cut, to draw up the sap ; at other times 

 the top of the stock is left on until the graft has 

 united to it. When the operation has been per- 

 formed, on a small and delicate plant, it should be 

 covered with a bell glass to prevent a too rapid 

 evaporation ; but the interior air should be frequent- 

 ly renewed, otherwise it will become too htimid. 



M. Thoruenel has modified this process and 

 employed it with success on plants in the ojien 

 air. Instead of placing a vessel of water, to re- 

 ceive the lower end of the scion, he inserts it 

 near the earth, and the end is buried 4, 6, orl 8 

 inches ; and often instead of one ])Iant, he ob- 

 tains two, as the end in the ground throws out 

 roots and may be separated, when the wound of 



