9,29 for the plums of one White Gage tree, six 

 ira old. The productiveness of this variety is 

 great, that probably no plum tree is more val- 

 We. 



This plum was reared from the seed of the 

 EN GAGE ; is much larger than its parent ; is of 

 •ale straw color and ripens in September. 



Vol. Vni.— Nn.39. 



AND HORTICULTURAL JOURNAL. 



307 



Columbus, (Ohio,) ) 

 March, 1S30. ) 

 Ir Fessk.vden — I send you herewith a copy of the 

 lort of the Select CommiWee of the Legislature, to 

 )m was referred, that part of the Governor's Message, 

 ch relates to the culture of Hemp. 



Yours Respectfully, J. P. KIRTLAND. 



i Select Committee, to whom was referred that part 

 f the Governor's Message which relates to the cul- 

 'xre of Hemp, have had that subject under consid- 

 ration, and rtspectfully 



REPORT : 



["hat, in their opinion, the climate of Ohio is 

 genial, and the soil, in many parts, well adapted 

 he production of Hemp. Your committee are 

 well assured that the encouragement and 

 tection, given to the American Hemp growers 

 he existing tariff of the United States, are 

 h as will insure success and profit to that class 

 )ur agriculturalists. Believing that the want 

 orrect information respecting the growth of 

 article, and preparing the same for market, is 

 reason that so few of our citizens have hith 

 engaged in the business ; and believing that 

 ffusion of information on the subject is the only 

 mragcment which can, at this time, be given 

 lat branch of agriculture by our State Govern- 

 t, and, in fact, the only encouragement need- 

 your committee have compiled from the doc- 

 nts referred to them, and from such inforrna- 

 as they have been able to obtain from other 

 ces, a treatise on the culture and preparation 

 [emp for market, which they herewith trans- 

 and respectfully recommend that a number 

 opies thereof be ordered to be printed, and 

 ibuted throughout the State. To this compi- 

 n, your committee have added an estimate of 

 average net proeeeds of five acres of land 

 vated in Hemp, and producing a ton, which 

 nsidercd an average crop. Being aware that 

 nary and extravagant anticipations of the profit 

 ! derived from the capital or labor employed 

 ly particular branch of business, are calculated 

 ) much injury, by inducing too many to engage 

 sin, without a due regard to economy ; your 

 nittee have endeavored, in making said esti- 

 ^. , to keep within the limits of what has been 

 Bed by gome of our citizen from actual expe- 



Dt. 



ON THE CULTURE OF HEMP. 



SECTION 1. 



On the Climate most favorable to Hemp. 

 imp does not flourish in hot countries. Tem- 

 e climates are more favorable t» it : and it 

 seds very well in those that are colder ; as 

 da, the northeastern parts of the United 

 %s, &c. The climates of Kentucky, Indiana 

 Ohio, are also highly favorable to the culture 

 emp. 



SECTION 2. 



On the Soil most favorable for Hemp. 

 hmp requires a soil that is soft, easy to culti- 

 t rather light, but very productive, and well 

 k ; and, after the ground is a little worn, well 

 Wired. Dry soils are not proper for it, unless 



on new, light lands. They produce dwarfish 

 growth ; of which the bark is ton woody, which 

 makes the threads hard, and elastic : these are 

 great defects, even for the coarsest manufactures. 

 In wet seasons, it succeeds better in the dry soils 

 we speak of, than in moister lands. These sea- 

 sons, however, are rare ; and Hemp plantations, 

 placed hy the side of a river, creek or wet ditch, 

 so that the water may be very near, without ever 

 producing an inundation, are much esteemed 

 Any land however, that will bring a good crop of 

 flax, corn or potatoes, will bring a good crop of 

 Hemp. 



SECTION 3. 



On the proper Manure for Hemp Plantations. 



All sorts of manure, that make the soil light, 

 are proper for Hemp. Hemp plantations, on 

 worn soils, unless renewed by clover, must be ma- 

 nured every year ; and it sliould be done before 

 the winter tillage, that the manure may have time, 

 during the winter, to rot, and mix thoroughly with 

 the earth against the spring. 



SECTION 4. 

 On the Tillage of Hemp Plantations. 

 The first and principal tillage is given to green 

 sward, or stubble land, late in the fall, or in the 

 early part of the winter, by well ploughing the 

 ground in furrows, so as to expose it to the winter 

 frosts, which tend very much to break up the 

 earth. In the spring, the ground is prepared to 

 receive the seed by similar ploughings, at intervals 

 of fifteen or twenty days, until it becomes perfect- 

 ly mellow. 



SECTION 5. 



On the Time and Manner of Sowing the Seed. 



In the course of the month of April, Hemp 

 ^ecd is sown. Some persons sow earlier, and 

 some later than this ; and each are exposed to 

 their peculiar dangers. Those who sow early 

 have to apprehend the frosts of spring, which do 

 great injury to the springing Hemp ; and those 

 who sow late are in danger of droughts, that 



sometimes prevent the Hemp from sprouting. 



The seed should be sown thick, otherwise the 

 Hemp becomes rank, the bark is too woody, and 

 the fibres hard ; which is a great defect. If 

 however, it be sown too thickly, the plants ob- 

 struct each other; which is another inconvenience. 

 A medium, then, must be observed, which is easily 

 hit by practice. The quantity of seed required 

 for Hemp partially varies according to the time of 

 sowing and the fertility of the soil. In Kentucky, 

 at the rate of from a bushel and a jieck to a bush- 

 el and a half of seed is required, per acre. And 

 as the climate and soil of Kentucky are similar to 

 those of Ohio, it follows, as a matter of course, 

 that a quantity of seed required per acre in the 

 two States is nearly the same. It must he re- 

 marked, that the Hemp seed is one of the oily 

 seeds that grow rancid in time, and then do not 

 sprout. No seed should, therefore.'bc sown but of 

 the last year's crop. When it is two years old, 

 a large part never comes up ; and when older, a 

 still larger part. After the seed is sown, it must 

 he buried with a common harrow ; and care should 

 he taken to protect the Hemp, when coming up, 

 from the ravages of birds. After it is out of dan- 

 ger of birds, very little, if any, attention need be 

 paid to it, until it is fit to cut or pull. Should any 

 accident happen the field, so as to render the 

 Hemp too thin to warrant a good crop, in order 

 to make the best of it, were it only as respects the 



seed, it is prudent to weed the field, and prevent 



the plant from being choked by a useless growth. 



To be concluded next week. 



From Dr JV. R. Smith's address before the Baltimore 

 Temperance Society. 

 The following facts will illustrate the influence 

 of dram-drinking as a source of disease and infirm- 

 ity, as well as the immediate influence of temper- 

 ance. 



Some fifteen years ago, there sprung up in the 

 State of Connecticut, a noted quack, commonly 

 known by the name of ' Dr Rain-water,' 

 ' Austere and lonely, cruel to himself 

 Did they report him : Water his drink, 

 His food stale bread and pottage.' 

 In cunning quacks, who shroud their art in a veil 

 of mystery, the vulgar always repose a supersti- 

 tious confidence which gives the practitioner com- 

 plete control over them. Dr Rain-water used 

 his power to noble purpose. Believing that most 

 diseases sprung from dram-drinking, he gave his 

 patients some inert nostrum, and solemnly charged 

 them to touch no drink but rain water, declaring 

 that, should they use any other the medicine would 

 operate as a poison. All their food, too, was pre- 

 pared in rain water. Of course his patients com- 

 plied, and the success of his practice was aston- 

 ishing. His fame spread far and near. The sick 

 were brought to him in such numbers as literally 

 to crowd his door and surround his house. Lin- 

 gering affections on which the whole materia nie- 

 dica had been poured in vain, vanished before 

 Rain-water, as if by a spell. The physicians were 

 astonished, and I recollect, (being then a boy,) to 

 have felt serious apprehensions that Dr R. was 

 about to ruin niw destined vocatioi?. 



But poor Rain-water at length fell, like his owa 

 element, from a bursting cloud, but never like it^ 

 to rise again. His secret came out, and be was 

 instantly deserted. 



Dr Cold-water who now offers his gratuitous 

 services to the public, is undoubtedly quite as 

 skilful as Dr Rain-water ; but fortunately, or un- 

 fortimately, has nothing to recommend him but 

 honesty, philanthropy, truth and wisdom, which, 

 however, it is hoped, will 'one day accomplish as 

 much as a quack's label. 



Brighton Market — Monday, April 12. 

 (Reported for the Chronicle and Patriot ) 



At market this day, 147 Beef Cattle, 20 Stores, 

 18 Working Oxen, 12 Cows and Calves, and 272 

 Swine, viz : Old Market, 112 Beef Cattle inclu- 

 ding 10 unsold last week, 12 Working Oxen, 3 

 Cows and Calves, and 273 Swine — JVew Market, 

 35 Beef Cattle, including 33 unsold last week ; 20 

 Stores, including 12 unsold last week, 9 Cows and 

 Calves, and 6 Working Oxen. Unsold at the close 

 of tbe market, 73 Beef Cattle, nearly all of which 

 are good, and some extra. 



Inconsequence of the limited number of CatUt 

 at market an attempt was made to advance the 

 price considerably. Few sales only were cffocfed, 

 as will be seen by the number unsold. Piices, 

 however, were raised, but the unsettled state of 

 the market prevents us from stating the amount or 

 giving prices this week. 



Working Oxen — Few sales, at 50 a $80 Milch 

 Coxvs — No sales noticed. Sheep — None at market. 

 Swine — Sales quick ; small selected lots at 5^ a 

 6c. : at retail 5 a 6c. 



