314 



NEW ENGLAND FARMER, 



April 23, 1830. 



to all cstablUliriiciit which is the most cxieiisive 

 and valuable of its kind in our country, but IVoiii n 

 desire tliat every viiriety uf fruit should be callcil 

 by its right iiaiiie. 



No (lersoii can be more nwnre of the ini|iortaiice' 

 of jirescrving the true nomenclature of every va- 

 riety of ' herb, sliiub, or tree," than the |>ro[)rictors 

 of the Linnaeun L'otanic Garden, 



Providence, .Ipril 12, 1830. A. FOSTER. 



which, for the reasons just iiieiitiuiied is not ai- gathered into sheaves, but not bound, and the 

 ways the case, are very liable to be damaged, and , leaves beaten off with a stick. If water rotting 

 the gvrniinatiiig |irinci|ilu destroyed by the h'lat is intended, it is then bound into moderatciv small 



The Committee of the Massachusetit Hnrtirultural 

 Society, cotisistini; of Elias I'hinncy, Samuel 

 Downer, Oliver Fiske, Robert Manning, and 

 Charles Senior, /or offering and awarding premi- 

 ums upon Fruits, propose the following, riz : 

 For tho best Apples, not less than two do- 

 zen*, a .prerniiiin of 

 For the best Summer Pears, not less than 



one dozen. 

 For the best Autumn Pears, not less than 



one dozen. 

 For the best Winter Pearii, not less than 



one dozen. 

 For the best Native Pears, not less than 



one dozen, 



For the best Peaches, not less than one doz. $4 

 ' < Apricots, ' ' ' ' 



' ' Nfictarines' ' ' ' 



' ' PIlllllS, ' ' ' ' 



' ' Cherries, ' ' ' ' 



' ' Native do ' ' ' ' ' $2 



' ' Foreign Grapes, raised in open 



ground, not less than three clusters, $3 



For the best Native Grapes, not less than 



six clusters, $3 



For the best Gooeoberries, not less than one 



quart, $2 



For the best Strawberries, not less than one 



quart, $2 



The committee will attend at the Horticultural 

 Hall of the Society, on Saturday of each week, 

 during the season of Fruits, from eleven o'clock, 

 A. M. to one P. M. to inspect such specimens as 

 may he offered. Tlioso fruiti, for which n pre- 

 mium is claimed, must be so dcsignatefl, otherwise 

 they will be considered as offered for exhibition. 

 By order, E. PHINNEY, 



Chairman. 



and moisture of the vessel in which they arc 

 brou^'ht acro4.s the .\tlaiiiic. 



Neither tlic melon, ciirnmber, kidney bean, nor 

 many of the finer annual flowers, such as baUams, 

 coxcombs, marygolds, &c. ripen their seeds in the 

 open ground in England. Why then prefer thei^ 

 immature producliiins to the seeds which our cli- 

 mate ripens in high jierfociion ? Why not en- 

 courage the home industry of the gardener as well 

 as of the manufucturer ? I ask those who have 

 made the experiment, have a quarter of the flow- 

 er and oilier small seeds, 'imported from Lou- 

 don,' ever grown under your care.' 



$4 I 



$4 1 



ON THE CULTURE OF HEMP. 



[Continued from page 306.] 



SECTIOPf 6. 



ISmt and manner of Harvesting. 

 The fitness of Hemp for the knife must be de- 

 termined by its appearance, and not by the length 

 of time it has been growing, or the season of the 'he same kind, ai!d sink it by the side of the main 



bundles, by means of bonds at each end, is car- 

 ried in general to a pond or pit ofetanding water, 

 being there deposited bundle upon bundle in a di- 

 rect and crossing manner, so as to form what is 

 generally culled a bed of lleiijp. When it has 

 been piled to such a tliicknesd as the <!epth of tho 

 water will admit, which some sup|iosc ciiii hardly 

 be of too great a depth, though live or six feet are 

 the most usual depths, the whole mass is loaded 

 with pieces of heavy wood or with stone, until it 

 is completely imnicrscd. When it has remained 

 in this state long enough to be sufficiently rutted, 

 it is taken out, and spread in the sun against a 

 fence or a slope of the earth, or on a plain spot 

 which is free from moisture, and occasionally turn- 

 ed. When the hemp is well dried, it is again tied 

 up to be carried home, where it is kept in a dry 

 plaee till it is broken out. In order to ascertaio 

 with ease andcerlainty when the Hemp is imiuera- 

 ed in water, is sufficiently rotted, take a bundle of 



year. The indications of a fitness for cutting or 

 pulling, are a change in the color of the leaf, from 

 n deep green to a yellow, and the rising upon the 

 least agitation of a vegetable dust from the Hemp. 

 The ripening of the crop is generally partial and 

 unequal in different pans of the same field ; and 

 regard ought to be paid to that circumstance in 

 cutting it, taking such portions of it first as give 

 the strongest indications of ripeness. It is not 

 necessary or proper to wait for a decided change 

 of color in all the leaves, before the harvest com- 

 mences ; on the contrary, it is more advantageous 

 to commence when the change is only partial, 

 and as soon as the dust spoken of, begins to rise, 

 or is produced by agitating tho Hemp with a stick 

 or the hand. In Kentucky, the practice of cut- 



body of Hemp that is rotting. This bundle may 

 be taking out and tried after a few days, as often 

 as once a day. When the bark detaches itself 

 from the wood, or a separation appears easy, the 

 Hemp is supposed to be rotted enough. Artifi- 

 cial pits for rotting Hemp, may in some situations, 

 be made to advantage where they can be supplied 

 by a small stream of water ; ami here it may be 

 necessary to remark that very little difference i*< 

 made, by Hemp growers, between standing or mo- 

 deraely running waters; only that stagnant wa- 

 ter makes softer lien)|i, but not so bright 

 and saleable. If dew rotting is intended, the 

 hemp is taken from the groimd, and set up ii 

 stacks of from three to five feet in diameter at thi 

 round, and tied closely together at the tops, so ai 



ting Hemp has in a great measure superseded the to prevent them from falling : the middle of th« 



old practice of pulling it by the roots, and isfound 

 to be generally preferable ; being less laborious, 

 and rendering the Hemp better and easier to han- 

 dle. The operation is performed with a knife, 

 {commonly called a Hemp hook,) made somewhat 



From the Albany Argus. 



FOREIGN SEEDS. 

 A strange prodilection for European seeds 

 seems to prevail, for which I can assign no rea- 

 sonable cause. The remark applies particularly 

 to garden seeds. I was under the influence of 

 this infatuation myself, until rejiealcd disappoint- 

 ments cured me of my folly, and led mo to reflect 

 upon the comparative value of American and for- 

 eign sceils. iMy reflections led to these results: 



1. That tho American climate is better adapt- 

 ed to mature seeds than that of Dritain, from 

 whence they are generally imported, with the ex- 

 ception, |ierhaps, of those belonging to the brassi- 

 ca or cabbage family. 



2. That we are more liable to bo imposed 

 upon in the purchase of foreign than of nntivo 

 seeds. Tho American Heeilsman lins a character 

 at stake, and is liable to bo merccd in damages, if 

 he sells bud seeds or those that are not genuine. 

 The foreigner who sells seeds to us is but little 

 affected by either of these considerations. 



3. Foreign seeds, if fresh when shipped, 



stack is left hollow to give it air near the earth 

 It is then suffereil to stand until perfectly dry. 

 when it is separated and bound into small sheave 

 and put into stacks or ricks, and secured by a c 

 vering of boards or straw, to secure it from gctJ 

 in the shape of a sickle, but heavier, and not so j ting wet in the interior of the slack. It can, hower-- 

 long, and having a smooth and sharp edge. Some er, be so slacked as to be secured from water, with- 

 prefer the cradle, where the evenness of the I "ut any other covering than a thatch of hemp, bin 

 ground will admit of its use. The common sylhe some skill to be acquiro<l only by practice is ucce 

 for cutting Hemp, is also used to ailvantage. The sary to do it well. It remains in the stark un 

 sythe is pointed to, and swung in towards the field, 'l>c season of rotting arrives, which is from Sep< 

 leaving the standing liemp on the left of the mow- ' tember to Fcbriiarv'. It is then taken down an 

 er as he proceeds forward, instead of throwing the spread out, (on grass if to be had,) as equally a 

 sythe out from the field, us when mowing grass, possible, and exposed to the weather until it i 

 A boy goes before the sythe and bears the toji of found to be ready for the brake. Care nni.-it l>e take] 

 the Hemp in towards the field with a small pole, j to take the hemp up as soon as it is sufficiently 

 so that as tho Hemp is cut it falls from the polo ted, or loss will be sustained. If, however, it shoul 

 and rests in a bearing position against the stand- I'l' found at any time to be injured by too long e: 

 ing Hemp. The mower is followed by a man postire, it should not be tlirown away, but ogail 

 whose business is to gather the Hemp, and spread stacked, and brought to the brake the siicceedini 

 it on the ground. This method of cutting llemp, .vear, when it will be found lo have regained it 

 will, in all probability, be found to be the most ad- .^Irength, if not absolutely rotted Iwfore taken u( 

 vantageous to the farmer, ns very few of our far- i When ready for the brake, it is taken from th« 

 iners are without syilics, or ignorant of their use ; ! ground, and stacked in small stackii, as in tho fir 

 and in addition to this, two men and a boy can go instance alb-r cutting, and then broke out on braki 

 over more ground, and with greater ease in the i 'nade on the plan of the romnion flax brake, bi 

 same time, than can be gone over by the common much larger, say from five to six feet in length, li 



process of pulling or cntting with a Hemp hook. 



As the Hump is cut or pulled, it is.sprcml upon the 



ground from which it is taken, and permilted to 



remain there until the leaves arc well wilnd, an<l |"'ll brake oni' hnndri'il pounds in a day in Febi 



will easily sejiarato from tho stalks. It is then ;''r>' i i"'>l some hands will broke more. Whi 



ving the slats much deeper luid wider apart, an 

 wider in proportion to the head of the brake, tin 

 the flux bnikr. With siii-h a brake, a good hn 



