Vol.VIlI.— K".4' 



AND HORTICULTUllAf. JCURNAL. 



331 



Potatoes, for winter, not less than 20 

 busliels, having reganl to llieir productive- 

 ness, as well as quality, 

 Celerv, six plants, earliest and best, 

 Bea>-s, Large Lima, 2 qts, shelled, 

 do tlie earliest and best, 2 qts. 

 do do do dwarf shell, 2 



quarts, 



Lettoce, four heads, the finest and heaviest 

 the season, 



Mdshroo.ms, to the person who shall evince 

 the greatest skill and success in the cid- 

 ture of a Mushroom Bed, 



Cauliflowers, 4 heads, do do 



Broccoli, 4 heads, do do 



SquASHES, Winter Crook Neck, tl e largest? 

 and best pair, 1 



Peas, one peck the earliest and best by the 



1st Monday o'f, Tunc, 2 00 



Savoy Cabbages, six heads, best in the 



season, 2 00 



Melons, Water, the largest and best pair, 1 00 



Melons, Muse, the finest pair in the sea- 

 son, 1 00 



Indian Corn, for boiling, 12 ears, having 

 regard to the size of the ears, their earli- 

 iicss, and the quality of the corn, 1 00 



The Committee will attend generally at the 



Hall of the Society, every Saturday through the 



season, for the examination of articles left for 



premiums. 



Per order, J. TIDD, Chairman. 



00 



ON THE CULTURE OF HEMP. 



Concluded from page 315. 

 SECTION vii. 

 Hemp designed for the seed, to produce the 

 best crops, should be planted in drills, three or 

 four feet apart so as to give an opportunity of run- 

 ning a plough, or corn cultivator, between the 

 rows. The plant.i should stanj about 8 inches 

 npart. It is, in ordinary seasons, considered ihe 

 best time to plant, about the time of corn plant- 

 ing. The Henqi should be kept free from grass 

 and weeds, in the same manner as corn ; although 

 it will not require as much hoeing, unless the 

 ground should be very foul. As to the time of 

 harvesting the Hemp planted for the seed, no 

 precise rule can be given ; it must depend much 

 upon the judgment. The seed comes to maturity 

 'very unequally — so that you will find the seed 

 ripe on the lower branches, and the lower part of 

 each branch, when the top may be in the blow. 

 It shoidd be cut at that time which will secure the 

 greatest quantity of ripe seed. As a general rule, 

 however, it should not stand so long to ripen the 

 latest, that the earliest will begin to fall ; for if it 

 be suffered to stand, until all, or the greatest por- 

 tion of the seed is ripened, or turned a dark brown, 

 you will lose more in gathering, than is lost by 

 the light and imperfect seed, when cut earlier. It 

 should be carefully cut with a sickle or hemp 

 hook, made for the purpose. Great care should 

 be taken, not to shell the seed in cutting and se- 

 curing it. It will well pay for the additional la- 

 bor, to give it a light threshing, when it is first cut, 

 and before it is bound. For this purpose, a can- 

 vass of about three or four yards square should be 

 taken into the field, and the Hemp within a con- 

 venient distance, as it is cut, should be carried to 

 it, and lightly beat with a stick or small pole, so as 

 to dislodge all the loose seed, which would be ex- 

 posed to shell and waste in handling or moving. 



It may then be bound in small bundles of eight 

 or nine int-lies in diameter, and set up in stooks to 

 dry. At this time, it would !)e advisable to move 

 the Hemp, where it was designed to thresh and 

 secure it, as it could then be done with less waste, 

 than after it had become dried. When it has 

 stood in the stook a sufficient time to cure and 

 perfect the iinripeiied seed, it should be again 

 tlireshed or beat out, either on a canvass, as be- 

 fore, or on a bed upon the ground ; or it may be 

 threshed on the barn floor ; but as it is a vcrysoft 

 seed, it is exposed to much injury upon the floor. 

 It will be found very little labor to thresh out the 

 seed ; a:id ihe greatest care is necessary to pre- 

 vent it from shelling and waste in cutting and se- 

 curing it; hence, the plan of double threshing, is 

 thought on the whole, to be the most economical. 

 Clean your seed with a common fanning mill, 

 taking care to give the proper speed, and to 

 gnage every part, to suit the weight of the seed. 

 The seed should not be put together in large 

 quantities, but requires to be spread and exposed 

 to the! air, until it is thoroughly dried, else it will 

 heat and spoil. If your Hemp is sown broadcast, 

 and you design to save the seed and lint, cut it 

 when about half the seeds have begun to change 

 their color; bind it in small bwndles, and thresh it 

 ill several fair days, without breaking the bundles,' 

 and put the Hemp under cover, to completely cure 

 — and when thoroughly cured, you may thresh 

 again, breaking the band as other grain. In all 

 cases where you wish to save the lint, you will 

 put the stem under cover as soon as you can, to 

 prevent it from being stained by the weather. 



ff'ater Rotting. 

 Preference is given to water rotting, in all cases, 

 where it can be done. The Hemp is more dura- 

 ble for all the purposes to which it is ap[)lied ; is 

 easier bleaclied ; and will yield a greater quantity 

 of fibre from a given quantity of the Hemp; and 

 water rotted American Hemp, will compete with 

 the Russian Hemp. 



A calculation of the average cost of a ton of 

 Hemp ; the quantity of land required, on which 

 to grow the same ; together with an estimate of 

 the net proceeds per acre : 



Five acres of land, at two dollars |ier 



acre $10 00 



Ten days' work with a team, plough- 



i'lff, &<", 10 00 



7 1-2 bushels of seed, at one dollar 



per bushel 7 50 



15 days cutting, at 50 cents per day 7 50 



7 1-2 diys taking up 3 75 



Two daysliauling to rot, &c, with 2 



hands 3 QO 



15 days putting in and taking out of 



the water, spreading, &c, 7 50 



5 days taking up 2 60 



30 days breaking and scutching 15 00 



Boarding hands, say 15 00 



Leaving the net proceeds of five acres 



or Hemp, at ,$93 26 



Being something less than nineteen dollars jier 

 acre. Dew rotted Hemp, is not worth, on an av- 

 erage, to exceed three fourths as much as water 

 rotted. 



French method of making Mortar for huilding 



The method used by the masons in some part of 

 France, is to put the lime in a sort of trough rais- 

 ed on four legs, about eighteen inches from the 

 ground, and then to pour in sufficient water to 

 slack the Ihnc, adding, when properly slacked, 

 more water, and stirring it until it is about the 

 consistence of thin milk. At one end of the 

 trough is a hole four inches square, covered with 

 a wire grating, and closed by a wooden slide or 

 shutter; when the lime has been rendered liquid 

 as above, the shutter or slide is withdrawn, and 

 the fluid runs out through the wire grating into a 

 reservoir, formed on the ground by the well sifted 

 sand or drift, with which sand or drift the fluid 

 lime is subsequently mixed to make the mortar. 

 Is not this a cleaner way than our clumsy one of 

 sifting the lime in the streets or roads through a 

 coarse sieve, covering with a destructive white 

 powder every thing near, and putting out the eyes 

 of passers-by ? It also makes a better mortar. 



Ridtsfor making good butter. — If you have four 

 or five cows, it is best to churn every day ; and 

 by no means less frequent than every other day. 

 If you cannot churn every day, throw into the 

 cream when gathered a handful of nice salt. In 

 very warm weather, when milk sours soon, put 2 

 heaping table spoonfuls of salt in every pail of 

 milk, before straining. The quantity as well as 

 the quality of the butter is greatly improved by 

 this method. If you have ice put a small piece 

 into every pan of milk, and also into the cream 

 when you churn. If you have no ice, put 

 the cream into a pail, and hang it into the well, 

 twelve hours before churning. In tho warm sea- 

 son, cream should be skimmed as soon as it 

 is in the least sour, and in the cohiest weather 

 milk should not stand more than thirty six or forty 

 eight hours. The utmost care should be taken to 

 keep every article used in making butter perfectly 

 sweet, by frequent and thorough scalding. 



Journal of Humanity. 



Total amount of expenses jier ton $81 75 



Add to this,as an average cost of trans- 

 portation to New York or Balti- 

 more 25 00 



Making the actual cost of a ton of 



Hemp, delivered as above 100 75 



Suppose the average value of a ton 



of good water rotted Hemp 200 00 



From which, take the cost of growing 



carriage, freight, &c, 106 76 



EFFECTS OF LOTTERIES. 



Charles White, an itinerant vender of Foreign 

 Lottery tickets, was on the 19th inst. sentenced by 

 the Court of Oyer and Terminer, at Philadelphia,to 

 pay a fine of two thousarid dollars to the President 

 and Treasurer of the Union Canal Company, for the 

 use of that Company. Judge King, in passing 

 sentence, said that the evils resulting from lottery 

 gambling were most appalling ; that if he was 

 called to select any one thing so mischievous in 

 its public tendency ; more productive of poverty 

 and insolvency than another, it was the fatal ma- 

 nia for lottery gambling, that seemed to pervade 

 no inconsiderable part of the community — that he 

 had determined by decisive measures, in every 

 case that came before him, where lottery tickets 

 were sold in violation of the laws of tho state, to 

 punish the offenders to the extent of the statute, 

 anil thus if possible diminish an evil that was daily 

 sapping the public morals. The defendant was 

 committed. — Salem Gaz. 



A Rail Road charter has been granted by the 

 Legislature of Kentucky. 



