Vol. VIII.— No 46. 



AND HORTICULTURAL JOURNAL. 



365 



beats liiniself about, and dies in convulsions. The 

 cause of this is sufficiently evident; and the dis- 

 ease never occurs, except by tlie t'cuilt of those 

 who liave the management of the horse. It 

 arises from over feeding. The liorse has been 

 ])erinitted to gel at a too great quantity of food, or 

 food of an improper nature. When he lias been 

 kept for some hours witliout eating, and has been 

 worked bard, and has become thorouglily hun- 

 gry,_he falls ravenously upon every kind of food 

 lie can get at ; swallowing it faster than his 

 small stomach can digest ; and no water being 

 given to soften it, and to hasten its passage the 

 stomach becomes crammed, and having been pre- 

 viously exhausted by long fasting, is unable to 

 contract upon its content. The food soon be- 

 gins to ferment and to swell, causing great dis- 

 tension ; the brain sympathizes with this over- 

 loaded organ, and staggers are produced. We 

 can easily imagine this, when we remember the 

 sad lieadachos occasionally arising from an over- 

 filled or disordered stomach. Sometimes the 

 stoniacb is ruptured. 



We liave little to say of the treatment of the 

 disease so far as medicine is concerned, except 

 that as it is almost or quite impossible for the per- 

 son most accustomed to horses to distinguish be- 

 tween the early stage of stomach and mad stag- 

 gers (distension of the stomach, and inflammation 

 of the brain,) we should be most diligent and mi- 

 inite in our inquiry into the history of the horse 

 for the preceding twentyfour hours — whether tie 

 could liave got an undue quantity of food, or had 

 been worked bard and kept long fasting. Some 

 say that there is a yellowness of the eye, and 

 twitchings about the breast in the early stage of 

 sleepy or stomach staggers. We have seen a 

 great many cases of stomach staggers without 

 this yellowness or these catchiiigs, and we believe 

 that no one can certainly distinguish between 

 the two, and that wr must be guided entirely by 

 the history of the case. 



NOVASCOTIA SILK. 

 We were much pleased by the examination of 

 a specimen of fine sewipg Silk, the produce of 

 silk worms hatched and reared in the province. 

 We understand that Mr S. Chipman, Annapolis, 

 has cultivated the mulberry tree, which aftbrds 

 sustenance to the worms, for some years past ; 

 the silk used by Mrs Chipmau is all of ho7ne 

 manv/acture. The cultivation of the mulberry, 

 and proper care in the management of the worms 

 are, we understand, all that is required to pro- 

 vince quantities of Silk in the province. — Halifax 

 Recorder. 



PRESERVATION OF SMALL BIRDS. 



Remove the viscera, brain, eyes, and tongue 

 with a hooked wire, fill all the cavities with an- 

 tiseptic paste, or cotton caturated with it ; bind 

 the bill and wings with thread ; hang it up by 

 the legs, pour from one to two ounces of ardent 

 spirits into the vent, and leave it to dry in an airy 

 place. The paste is made with eight parts of 

 white arsenic, four parts of Spanish, and one 

 part of soft soap, and three parts of camphor, 



with a few drops of alcohol Magazine ofMitu- 



ral History. 



How often have I heard farmers reply to an 

 observation on the tardy growth of turnips, — 'they 

 will not grow apace tilt tlie leaves are large enough 

 for the wind to take hold of them ;' and this is only 



because plants cannot he healthy and vigorous 

 without exercise. Mr Knight found that trees 

 which were regularly shaken every day in bis 

 green bouse, grew more rapidly and strong than 

 others which were kept still. — AetP York Farmer. 



CURE FOR FELONS. 



We have been assured by a gentleman wlio has 

 recently had an opportunity of satisfactorily test- 

 ing the fart, that a plaster made of soft soap and 

 the strongest lime that can be produi-ed, in equal 

 portions, is a certain remedy for those disagreea- 

 ble and painful diseases called felons. — Lynchburg 

 Virginian. 



Captain Luther Bridges of Hopkiuton, had new 

 Potatoes of this year's growth sufficiently large for 

 the table, on the 29lli of April. 



It is stated that in the town of Lyndon, Vt. 

 there were manufactured during the present sea- 

 son, fifty tons of maple sugar. 



I 



I 



Canvas, Cables and ; 



[Extract from a Report to Congress on > 

 Cordage.] 



On the culture and preparing the hemp in Russia, 



transmitted by the Hon. J. Q. Jldams, Minister at 



St Petersburgh, March, 1810. 



In Russia, when the season is mild, the hemp 

 seed is sown about the 1st of June, olil stylo. 

 The richer the soil of the land employed fur it 

 the better. A chetwirt of seed, (100 chetwirts 

 are equal to 73 quarters, Winche-ter lueasure, is 

 sown on a piece of laud of 80 fathoms (English 

 feet) long and 60 fathoms broad. 



The land is first ploughed and harrowed, 

 anJ, about two huiulred single horse loads 

 of dung being spread ujion it, it is left for 

 six days, when it is again ]doughed, and the .seed 

 sown and harrowed the same day. In about 

 four months the seed becomes ripe, and the 

 hemp is then pulled up with the roots; if it be 

 allowed to remain too long in the ground, it is 

 apt to become harsh. It is bound into heads or 

 bunches of four liaudfuls each; these are hung 

 upon sticks placed horizontally, thus : X — — — 

 — — — — X snd allowed to remain so for 

 two days. It is then made into cut or threshed 

 hemp.as may be agreeable. The cut hemp, is 

 made by cho[iping off the beads containing the 

 seed. These are put into the kiln, and after re- 

 maining there for eighteen hours, the seed is beat- 

 en out. 



If threshed hemp is to be made, the heads or 

 tops must not be cut off, but the bunclies of hemp 

 placed entire in the kiln ; and, if the weather be 

 warm, it will be sufficiently dry in three days, 

 when the seed must be thrashed out of the heads. 

 lu either case, three days after the seed is sepa- 

 rated from it, the hemp must be put to steep or 

 rot, either in a stream or a pond, and that the 

 hemp may be entirely immersed, it is jiiit under 

 wooden frames | ~ | upon which stones 



are placed, or where they are not to be had, ear'h 

 is substituted, after the frames are covered with 

 planks. 



TJie clearer and purer the water, the better 

 will be the color of the hemp. Where the water 

 is warm, three weeks steeping will be sufficient ; 

 but, if cold, as in rivers, springs, &c, five weeks 

 or longer may be necessary. At the expiration 

 of this period, a head of the hemp is taken out and 

 dried ; if, on beating and cleaning it, tlie husk 



comes off, the hemp may then be takeiiotit of the 

 water; but, if the husk still adheres to it, it must 

 be allowed to remain .■■oiiie liiue longer. This 

 trial must be repeated from time to time, till the 

 husk separates, when the beriip must be taken out 

 of the water, and siispeniled to dry, as directed 

 before, on its being taken off i he ground. 



The hemp is now made into the two sorts, dis- 

 tinguished by the names of spring and winter, 

 the former being dry, and rather of a withered 

 appearance, the latter more moist, and of a fine 

 brownish green color, containing more of the veg- 

 etable oil, and therelbre the most apt to heat, 

 though, if not .'^^hipped at St Petersburgh or Riga 

 before September ilieie is not much risk of its heat- 

 ing any more on board the ships, especially on 

 short voyages, as to England, and are the best fit 

 for cables. If it be intended Miat the hemp should 

 be early ready for the market, it is made into 

 winter hemp by the following process. On being 

 taken out of the water, it is left suspended in the 

 open air for abiiit a fortnight, when it is put into 

 the kiln for about twentyfour hours, after which 

 it is broken by means of a haiidmill, and the husk 

 is then beaten off by striking the beads obliquely 

 with iron and wooden iiistrumeiits, of the shape 

 of a large iwo-cilged knife ; lastly to unravel it, it 

 is drawn through a wooden comb, or card, with 

 one row of wide wooden teeth, fixed perpendic- 

 ularly. 



The hemp is then laid up or suspended in 

 sheds, and is fit to be sorted, bound^ into bundles, 

 and loaded into the barks. 



■The hemp to be prepared as spring hemp, is 

 allowed to remain suspended and exposed to the 

 weather the whole winter, until it be dried by the 

 sun in the spring, when it is broken and cleaned 

 in the same manner as the winter hemp. 



As the greatest pan of the summer elapses be- 

 fore it can be made fit for the market, none of 

 this hemp reaches St Petersburg until the follow- 

 ing spring, that is, two years alter it was sown. 



The hemp is sown in the same manner as lin- 

 seed, rye, or wheat. Land of a sandy soil may 

 also be employed for it, but it must be strongly 

 manured ; otherwise it will be too short, and a 

 flat country should always be preferred. 



One chetwirt of seed commonly yields 25 

 loads (upwards 36 pounds Englisli) of hemi), and 

 twelve cbetwjrts of hemp seed. 



Cure for the Stone. — The following is copied 

 from an old Almanac; where it is stated that a 

 slave in the southern states received bis freedom 

 for disclosing the remedy : ' Take one gill of the 

 expressed juice of horsemint, and one gill of red 

 onion juice every moining and evening till the 

 cuie is perfected. White onions will not have 

 the same effect as red ; and in order to obtain the 

 juice of llie latter, they may be cut iii thin slices, 

 well salted, and bruised between two pewter 

 plates. It is, however, the juice of the horsemint 

 which possesses the most virtue in this disorder ; 

 and a strong decoction of this will generally, in 

 time, effect a cure. 



Seed Com. — A southern paper states that a gen- 

 tleman finds, by a series of experiments, that the 

 kernels from the butt end are far better for seed 

 corn than from any other part of the ear. The 

 nearer the seed is taken from the butt end, the 

 larger will be the ears. He also recommends that 

 those ears of corn which ripeu first in the field, 

 should be selected for seed. 



