Vol. VIII. —No 48. 



AND HORTICULTURAL JOURNAL. 



381 



from the pail. TBe disease rarely exteuda beyond 

 the third day. 



After death, there is uiiiforinily found inflam- 

 mation at the back part of the mouth, and at the 

 top of the windpipe, anil likewise in the stomach, 

 and on the membrnne covering the lungs, and 

 where the spinal marrow first comes from the brain. 



When the disease can be clearly connected witli 

 a previous bite, the sooner the animal is destroyed 

 the better, for there is iio cure. If the symptoms 

 bear considerable resemblance to rahits, although 

 no bite be suspected, the horse should at least be 

 slung, and the medicine, if any be administered, 

 given in the form of a ilrink, and with the hand 

 well protected ; because, if it should be scratched 

 in balling the horse, or the skin should have been 

 previously broken, the saliva of the animal is ca- 

 pable of communicating the disease. Several far- 

 riers have lost their lives from being bitten or 

 scratched in the act of administering medicine to 

 a rabid horse. 



It is always dangerous to encourage dogs much 

 about the stable, and especially if they become 

 fond of the horses, and are in the habit of jump- 

 ing up and licking them. The corners of horses' 

 mouths are often sore from the pressure of the bit ; 

 and when a coach-dog in a gentleman's stable — 

 and it is likely to happen in every stahl ', and with 

 every dog — becomes rabid and die?, the horse too 

 frequently follows him at no great distance of time. 



If a horse should be bitten by a dog under sus- 

 picious circumstance?, he should be carefully ex- 

 amined, and every wound, and even the slightest 

 scratch, well biir;r .1 with the lunar caustic (ni- 

 trate of silver), and the f ( ab should be removed 

 and the operation repeated on the third day. ' The 

 hot iron does not answer so well, and other caus- 

 tics are not so manageable. In the spring of 1827, 

 four horses were bitten near Hyde Park, by a mad 

 dog. To one of them the lunar caustic was se- 

 verely and twice applied — he lived. The red hot 

 iron was unsparingly used on the others, and they 

 died. The caustic must reach every part of the 

 wound. At the expiration of the fourth month, 

 the horse may be considered to be safe. 



LIVE FENCES OF CEDAR. 



The cedar is peculiarly fitted for the purj)0se [of 

 live fences] throughout the whole district of the 

 United States. It throws out boughs near the 

 ground, pliant and ca])able of being woven into 

 any form. They gradually, however, become stiff. 

 Clipping will make cedar hedges extremely thick. 

 No animal will injure them by browsing. Maniir- 



from the fence, so that the top of the ridge will be 

 about eight inches higher than the position of the 

 plants. They should be lopped at a foot high, and 

 not suffered to gain above three or four inches 

 yearly in height, such boughs excepted as can be 

 worked into the fence at the ground. — Of these 

 great use may be made towards thickening the 

 hedge, by bending them to the ground, and cover- 

 ing them well with earth in the middle, leaving 

 them growing to the sten), and their extremities 

 exposed. Thus they invariably take root and fill 

 up gaps. If these he^lges are cultivated properly, 

 ami the land is strong, they will form an elegant 

 live evergreen fence, in a shorter time, than is ne- 

 cessary to raise a thorn fence, in England, accord- 

 ing to the books. 



But will they keep out hogs? I am told by 

 travellers that few or none of the hedges in Eng- 

 land will do so. Yet hedges are both the chief 

 agricultural ornament, and most valuable iuijjrove- 

 ment of that well cultivated country. But hogs 

 are not there turne<l loose by law to assail them. — 

 I do however think that a cedar hedge is far more 

 capable of forming a fence against hogs than the 

 thorn, because one, as a tree, will acquire more 

 strength or stubbornness than the other, a shrub, 

 can ever reach ; and because the cedar is capa- 

 ble of being worked into a closer texture than the 

 thorn. 



Yet the wedge-like snout of the hog, the hardi- 

 ness of his nature, and the toughness of his hide, 

 certainly exhibit him as a dangerous foe to live 

 fences ; and the resources of ringing and yoking 

 to control his powers and his disposition, ought to 

 be adverted to, for the sake of an improvement so 

 momentous. These will not shock our jtrejudices 

 nor violate our habits, and are supported by a con- 

 sideration of weight, far inferior to the im])ortance 

 of hedging; and yet light as it is, of weight suf- 

 ficient to justify the recommendation. If hedges 

 are not protected against hogs, at least four rows 

 of plants and a double width of ridge or bank 

 will be necessary ; there must be a double sized 

 ditch to furnish this earth ; a ilouble i)ortion of 

 land will be occupied by the hedge and ditch ; 

 and more than double labor, owing to the incon- 

 venience arising from great breadth, will be always 

 required to keep the hedge in order. Something 

 less than moieties in all these cases will suffice for 

 hedges capable of fencing out every other animal, 

 if the legal rights of hogs are oidy modified, and 

 besides the narrow hedges will be far more beau- 

 tiful.— Co/. Taylor's Jlrator. 



(JJ' For further remarks on raising cedars, and 



ed and cultivated, they come rai)idly to perfection. ,^" , , „„„ „ ., ^., , f 



T,, , . c .< . , r J ■ cedar hedges see page 209 of the 6th volume of 



llie plants are irequentiv to be found in ijreat) , », tV , ■ V-. 

 , ! . , 1 . 1 1 r • • 1 the New Em/land Farmer. 



rot, and scald the cream, but neither is necessary, 

 and by boiling, much of the saccharine quality of 

 the carrot is always unavoidably lost. 



At the exliiiiition of the Pennsylvania Horticul- 

 tural Society, a specimen of prime sewing silk was 

 labelled 'Connecticut against the world:' it was 

 matched by a huge bunch of onions, labelled 'Penn- 

 sylvania against Connecticut.' 



mm^ SSTOilLilSTlD I^ill2MI2il2j 



BOSTON, FRIDAY, JUNE 18, 1830. 



abundance without the trouble of raising them. — 

 As an ever-green, they are preferable to deciduous 

 plants ; and they live better than any young trees 

 I have ever tried ; planted as follows: 



From December to the middle of April, the 

 smallest plants are to be taken up in a sod of a 

 sipiare conformable to the size of the spaile used, 

 as deep as po.ssihle, which soil is to be deposited 

 unbroken in a hole as dee]) made by a similar 

 sp;\(le ; the earth coming out of it being used to 

 fill up the crevices between the sod and the hole 

 for its reception. I plant these cedars on the out 

 iii.il insid.' of a straight fence, on the ridge of a 

 ditch, the plants in each row being two feet a|>art 

 both in the direction of and across this ridge; but 

 80 that the plants on one side of the fence will be 

 op[)osite to the centre of the vacancies between 

 those oa the other. Each row will be one foot 



To make Carrot Pudding. — Grate half a pound 

 of the sweetest and most delicate raw carrot, and 

 double the quantity of raw bread ; mix eight bea- 

 ten yolks and four whites of eggs, with half a 

 jiint of white wme, three spoonfiils of orange- 

 flower water, a grated nutmeg, and sugar to pal- 

 ate ; stir the whole well together, and if too thick, 

 add more milk, till it be of a moderate consisten- 

 cy ; lay a puff paste all over the dish, and hake it 

 an hour; serve it up with sugar grated over. This 

 fine pudding is easily made still more delicious by 

 using Naples biscuit and cream instead of bread 

 and new milk, and putting in a glass of ratifia 

 with the orange-flower water. On account of its 

 beautiful color, this pudding is often sent to table 

 turned out of the crust bottom upward, having a 

 little fine sugar grated over it. Some boil the car- 



SHEEP, 



According to Mr Young, are so apt to be injur- 

 ed by being kept too warm, that they should nev- 

 er be confined to a house, but always have the 

 door open that they miiy be in the house or yard 

 as they choose. They will prefer the warmer 

 place when newly shorn, if the air be colder than 

 common. Small flocks commonly prosper better 

 than large ones, as they are less apt to be over 

 heated by crowding each other. 



Ill many of the districts of England, they usu- 

 ally divide the sheep stock into lambs, yearlings, 

 wethers and breeding ewes: and in this method 

 it is raid that a much larger proportion of stock 

 may be kept, and the sheep preserved in a more 

 healthy condition. 



' The proper time for clipping or shearing 

 sheep, according to Loudon,' must be directed by 

 the state of the weather and the climate in the 

 particular district, as by this means the danger of 

 injury by cold from depriving the sheep of their 

 coats at too early a season, and from heat by per- 

 mitting them to continue on them too long, may 

 be avoided in the best manner : but another cir- 

 cumstance ihal should likewise be attended to in 

 this business, is that of the wool being fully grown 

 or at the state of maturity : as where the clipping 

 precedes that period, it is said in the Annals of Ag- 

 riculture to be weak and scarcely capable of be- 

 ing spun, and if protracteil later it is yellow felted, 

 and of an imperfect nature. 



Mr Lawrence, an English writer of note, says, 

 ' washing previous to clipping the sheep is the 

 general custom, with few exceptions, in this coun- 

 try ; indeed it is proper with all long-woolled sheep 

 but not so easily practicable with the matted, 

 greasy and impenetrable fleeces of the Spanish 

 and carding wool breed, whence in Spain, they 

 invariably shear dry, as has been the practice in 

 Devonshire with the short woolled sheep for cen- 

 turies. Moscal says ' in Devonshire they never 

 wash their sheep, when they clip. Afterwards 

 they wash their wool before they s,'.in it, in warm 

 lye, and dry it on hurdles.' [Slicks woven to- 

 gether.] As to the time of shearing, he say.s — 

 ' The best is, to consider when the sheep cannot endure 

 cold if thou shear him, nor heat if thou shenr him not.' 



Among other conveniences for wasliing sheep, 

 it has been recommended to sink an empty tub, 

 barrel or hogshead in a proper depth of water, for 

 the man to stand in while washing the sheep. 

 A boat, near a hold shore of a sheet of water, with 

 one end aground, by which the sheep is introduc- 

 ed and put overboard, while the man, who wash- 

 es him remains in the boat, and extends his arras 

 over the side, and thus performs the necessary 

 manipulations, furnishes a convenient mode of 

 washing sheep. A small perpendicular water- 

 fall, under which the sheep are conducted, may 

 likewise he used to advantage for this purpose. 



