TTIE GENESEE FARMER. 



65 



Stbrmng Exchange. — Other things being equal the price 



■ sterling exchange now regulates the price of all articles 

 ' export. The telegraph report of the New York mar- 

 3t to-day (Jan. 27) quotes " sterling exchange 172^." 

 ur readeis should have clear views of the meaning of 

 ese figures. As exchange goes up or down, the price 



■ grain, butter, cheese, &c., advances or declines. Ex- 

 lange has advanced to-day, and the same report says : 

 ;rain market oYcited, and 2 to 3 cents better." 



The legal value of an English pound in the United 

 ates is $4.44 44-100. If sterling exchange was 

 loted at 100, an English pound would bring here only 

 : 44. But as an English sovereiga is really worth 

 out ^4.84, or nearly 10 per cent higher than its legal 

 ,luc in the United States, sterhng exchange is always 

 ove par. In fact we may consider 110 as its par value, 

 hen it is quoted, as it is to-day, at 172J, it is in fact 

 ly 023 per cent, above par. 



Gold is quoted to-day at 153^, or 19 per cent below 

 jrling exchange. As we have said, this is in fact only 

 oer cent below, sterling exchange being always quoted 

 10 per cent above its real value. But why, it may be 

 ked, is sterling exchange 9 per cent higher than its 

 al value in gold. Prmcipally because it is Si»fer and 

 eaper to send drafts or bills of exchange to Europe, 

 an to send gold. It is seldom, however, that there is 

 much difference as this ; but it is always a little 

 gher than gold. 



Sterling exchange at 172J means this : an English 

 lund instead of being worth $4.44 its legal value, 

 worth in New York ($4.44 x 72 J =$3.22) ?7.6fi, or $3.22 

 lOve its legal and $2.82 above its real value. In other 

 ords, English or French money brings in New York 

 '\ per cent more than it does in London or Paris. 

 The effect of this is to advance all kinds of produce 

 lat can be exported, other things being equal, 62^ per 

 int. Wheat worth to-day in New York for export, 

 L 62il, would be worth, if exchange was 110, only $1.00. 

 ence it is, as will be seen from our market report, that 

 )twithstanding the high freights, insurance, &c., Amer- 

 an wheat is higher in New York than it is in London. 



Liebig's Animal Chemistry. — "We can recollect the in- 

 Test with which we read this book when it was first 

 ublished in Rugland. It's cost then was $1 50. Amer- 

 an farmers' sons do not realize the advantages they 

 38sess in a cheap press. This very book is published 

 ere at so low a rate that we can afibrd to send it to everj' 

 oy who gets us three subscribers to the Fai-mer at 60 

 jnts a year before the first of March. Or, if this is too 

 nentific we will send to every young man who sends us 

 Ive subscribers at 60 cents before the first of March, 

 Imerson & Flint's new and admirable work called the 

 fanual of Agriculture. Every farmer's son in the coun- 

 ry should carefully study this book. 



OwiNQ to the unusually warm weather in January, 

 irmers in several places are making maple sugar. The 

 obbins were singing the other morning in the suburbs 

 f this city. The buds of the lilac are swelling, and it 

 i stated in a New York paper that cherry trees are in 

 ilossom in Brighton ! We reside in the town of Brighton, 

 tat liave not seen the cherry tre«3 alluded to t 



To Break Horses from Pulling at the Halter. — A 

 correspondent of the Maine Farmer writes that having a 

 horse addicted to the habit of pulling back on the halter 

 when hitched, and trying various proposed remedies 

 to no effect, he at last — after the horse had broken about 

 twenty halters — hit upon the following plan : He tied the 

 horse to a post near the end of a wharf, where there was 

 about seven feet of water. The horse braoed his fore 

 feet and hung back, breaking the halter and plunging 

 backward into the water. He went out of sight for a mo- 

 ment, but on "taking his reckoning" swam for the 

 shore, since which time he has not made an attempt to 



pull at the halter. 



<-•-» 



The Farmers who But Pianos. — A few days ago we 

 were in Albany, and stepped into the magnificent Piano 

 establishment of Wm. McCan^mon Esq., (late Boardman, 

 Gray & Co.,) Mr. McC. has for some years been engaged 

 in the manufacture of underdraining tile, which he still 

 carries on. He remarked, " My drain tile customers hare 

 got rich by underdraining, and now they can afford to 

 buy pianos." There is much truth in this idea. Far- 

 mers who make Judiciovs improvements, — and under- 

 draining is certainly one of them — can afford to make 

 their homes comfortable for themselves and attractive 

 for their children. Drain tiles first ; pianos next. 



The New York Observer of January 15 says: "The 

 Rural Animal and Ilorticultiiral Directory \ edited end 

 published at Kochester, N. Y,, by the enterprising con- 

 ductor of the Genesee Farmer, Joseph Harris, Esij We 

 never glance over these annual issues, so full of valuabio 

 instructions on everyday practical subjects to the farmer, 

 but we regret that a copy is not in the household of every 

 cultivator of the soil. It would be an easy matter to 

 place it there could all comprehend its value. The cost 

 is only twenty-five cents. 



"The Genesee Farmer is one of the cheapest and very 

 best of our large list of agricultural papers." 

 ►••» 



Last summer when B. P. Johnson, Esq.,'Seccretary of 

 the N. Y. State Agricultural Society was in England, he 

 stopped at a hotel in a quiet village in Devonshire. The 

 innkeeper was a communicative sort of man, and on 

 learning that Mr. J. was an American, he commenced to 

 talk about our war. "Don't give in, sir," said he. "Why 

 that rasher of bacon you had for breakfast was American. 

 We got it a penny a pound cheaper ! Yes, and the 

 bread you had was made from American flour! and the 

 cheese too, is American! Stick to it, sir! Don't give 



An " Industrial League" has been formed in Illinois, 

 composed of farmers and others, for the purpose of see- 

 ing if something can not be done to secure a National 

 circulating medium, and especially to endeavor to pro- 

 cure some modification of their State laws, so as to au- 

 thorize tax-collectors to receive legal tender Treasury 

 notes in payment of State taxes. A resolution was pass- 

 ed urging the State Legislature to fix the legal rate of 

 interest in that State at 6 per cent. We like the idea of 

 farmers combining to look after their own interests. The 

 United States legal tender notes form a National circula- 

 ting medium, and we do not see that more is needed. 



