BEAUTIES AND PRINCIPLES OF THE ART. 59 



it should be simple and symmetrical in its character, and 

 its veranda festooned with masses of the finest climbers. 



THE PICTURESQUE in Landscape Gardening (Fig. 14) 

 aims at the production of outlines of a certain spirited 

 irregularity, surfaces comparatively abrupt and broken, 

 and growth of a somewhat wild and bold character. The 

 shape of the ground sought after, has its occasional 

 smoothness varied by sudden variations, and in parts runs 

 into dingles, rocky groups, and broken banks. The trees 

 should in many places be old and irregular, with rough 

 stems and bark ; and pines, larches, and other trees of 

 striking, irregular growth, must appear in numbers sufficient 

 to give character to the woody outlines. As, to produce 

 the Beautiful, the trees are planted singly in open groups 

 to allow full expansion, so for the Picturesque, the grouping 

 takes every variety of form ; almost every object should 

 group with another ; trees and shrubs are often planted 

 closely together ; and intricacy and variety thickets 

 glades and underwood as -in wild nature, are indispensa- 

 ble. Walks and roads are more abrupt in their windings, 

 turning off frequently at sudden angles where the form of 

 the ground or some inviting object directs. In water, all 

 the wildness of romantic spots in nature is to be imitated 

 or preserved ; and the lake or stream with bold shore and 

 rocky, wood-fringed margin, or the cascade in the secluded 

 dell, are the characteristic forms. The keeping of such a 

 landscape will of course be less careful than in the 

 graceful school. Firm gravel walks near the house, and 

 a general air of neatness in that quarter, are indispensable 

 to the fitness of the scene in all modes, and indeed properly 

 evince the recognition of art in all Landscape Gardening. 

 But the lawn may be less frequently mown, the edges of 



