132 LANDSCAPE GARDENING. 



lower size than the White elm, attaining generally onl} 

 40 or 50 feet. According to Michaux, it may be 

 distinguished from the latter even in winter, by its buds, 

 which are larger and rounder, and which are covered a 

 fortnight before their development with a russet down 

 The leaves are larger, rougher, and thicker than those 

 of the White elm ; the seed-vessels larger, destitute of 

 fringe ; the stamens short, and of a pale rose color. This 

 tree bears a strong likeness to the Dutch elm, and the 

 bark abounds in mucilage, whence the name of Slippery 

 elm. The branches are less drooping than those of the 

 White elm. 



The Wahoo elm (U. alata) is not found north of 

 Virginia. It may at once be known in every stage of 

 its growth by the fungous cork-like substance which 

 lines the branches on both sides. It is a very singular 

 and curious tree, of moderate stature, and grows rapidly 

 and well when cultivated in the northern states. 



The common European elm. (U. campestris.) This 

 is the most commonly cultivated forest tree in Europe, 

 next to the oak. It is a more upright growing tree than 

 the White elm, though resembling it in the easy 

 disposition and delicacy of its branches. The flowers, 

 of a purple color, are produced in round bunches close 

 to the stem. The leaves are rough, doubly serrated, 

 and much more finely cut than those of our elms. It 

 is a fine tree, 6Q or 70 feet high, growing with rapidity, 

 and is easily cultivated. The timber is more valuable 

 than the American sort, though the tree is inferior to 

 the White elm in beauty. There are some dozen or 

 more fine varieties of this species cultivated in the 

 English nurseries, among which the most remarkable are 



