270 THE SPOROZOA 



spores endogenously, having mistaken the coarse granules in them for 

 minute spores. Doflein [2a], however, distinguishes minute individuals, 

 reproducing by schizogony, from large pear-shaped forms, which he 

 regards as gametocytes. The latter have been observed by Lignieres [8 la] 

 to round themselves off, and even (as this author's observations are inter- 

 preted by Doflein) to throw out " flagella," i.e. microgametes. The rela- 

 tions of the various phases hitherto observed, and their true role in the 

 life-cycle, is at present, as Doflein observes, purely conjectural. Other 

 species are P. earns, Piana et Galli-Valerio ; P. ovis (Starcovici) ; and P. 

 equi t Laveran. P. canis has also been proved to be disseminated by dog- 

 ticks ; in South Africa by Haemaphysalis leachi; in Europe, apparently 

 by Dermacentor reticulatus. See Nocard and Motas [89]. 



The following genera are of uncertain value, and can only be accepted 

 provisionally : 



Polychromophilus, Dionisi, 1900, for two species, P. murinus, from 

 the blood of Vespertilio murinus, and P. melanipherus, from another bat, 

 Miniopterus schreibersii. Intermediate host unknown. Trophozoites and 

 merozoites as in Plasmodium. 



Achromaticus, Dionisi, 1900, for A. vesperuginis, from the bats of the 

 genus Vesperugo. Distinguished from the preceding only by the absence 

 of melanin-pigment in the haemamoeba. Intermediate host unknown. 

 Neveu-Lemaire refers to this genus the species Haemamoeba subimmaculata, 

 Gr. et Fel., from certain birds, perhaps a variety of Haemoproteus dani- 

 lewskyi, Kruse. 



Cytamoeba, Labbe", 1894, for C. bacterifera, Labbe*, from the blood of 

 Rana esculenta, remarkable for containing commensal bacteria. Perhaps 

 a pathological variation or deformation of Lankesterella ranarum. 



Dactylosoma, Labbe", 1894, for D. ranarum ( = D. splendent, Labbe" 

 Laverania ranarum, Grassi), from the blood of Rana esculenta, is, according 

 to Hintze, a variety of Lankesterella ranarum. 



Karyophagus, Steinhaus, 1889 (syn. Acystis, Labbe", 1894), for three 

 species parasitic upon the epithelium of the intestine in the salamander 

 (K. salamandrae, Steinhaus), the newt (K. tritonls, Steinh.), and the frog 

 (K. ranarum, Labbe). They are Eimerian phases of Coccidia (see p. 230). 



Haemapium, Eisen, 1897, for H. riedyi, an endoglobular haemamoeba 

 from the red blood-corpuscles of Batrachoseps attenuatus (Urodela). 



Finally, there remains for mention a species of which tfie exact posi- 

 tion is not yet clearly denned, and which has been described under the 

 generic designation Haemamoeba, in the sense of Laveran (see above, 

 p. 265), namely, H. metcMtom, Srmond, from Trionyx indicus, observed 

 at Agra. It occurs as a minute pigmented endoglobular amoebula 

 resembling the malarial parasites of birds and mammals. Its presence in 

 a cold-blooded animal is therefore remarkable and quite exceptional. 

 The amoebulae grow into reniform bodies of two kinds, one with fine, the 

 other with coarse pigment-granules. In addition there is found in the 

 blood of the same hosts a non-pigmented haemogregarine which Simond 

 believes to be also a phase of this parasite. Further investigations of 

 this interesting form are required, and Laveran admits it only with 

 some reserve to rank in his genus Haemamoeba. 



