THE INFUSORIA 



417 



and other freshwater Crustacea. Probably also marine. Vaginicola y 

 Clap, and L. Test of the shape of a recumbent soda-water bottle. O'l. 

 Attached to freshwater plants. Lagenophrys, Stein. Forming a spherical 

 mucilaginous test. 0-07. Attached to the gills of Qammarus and Asellus. 

 Nematopoda, Sand. 



APPENDIX TO THE CILIATA. 



Family TRICHONYMPHIDAE, Leidy. It is a matter of considerable 

 difficulty, with our present knowledge, to determine the exact relations 

 of this family. The long cilia, some mobile and some immobile, the 

 general shape of the body, and the endo-parasitic habit, suggest relations 

 with some of the endo-parasitic Holo- 

 tricha. On the other hand, the absence 

 of a definite mouth, associated with the 

 habit of engulphing solid food at indefinite 

 parts of the general surface of the body, 

 is a condition which definitely separates 

 them from any of the orders of the Ciliata. 

 Micronuclei have not yet been described, 

 and it is therefore possible that they are 

 homokaryote. 



The TRICHONYMPHIDAE occur in im- 

 mense numbers in the intestines of certain 

 Orthoptera, more particularly in Termes 

 flavipes. In Trichonympha (Fig. 11) the 

 body is differentiated into three regions 

 an anterior translucent knob, a middle or 

 bell-shaped part, and a posterior part or 

 body. The anterior knob is extremely 

 active in the living animal, and constantly 

 in motion. The shorter cilia of the 

 middle region are active, and produce the 

 movements of the body. The longer cilia 

 of the posterior part are absolutely motion- 

 less, and are said to entangle particles 

 which become subsequently engulphed by 

 the protoplasm of this region (Porter). 

 In Pyrsonympha the anterior knob is 

 prolonged into a very delicate filament, 



Fio. 84. 



Pyrsonympha vertens, Leidy, attached 

 by a delicate filament to the epithelium 



Which perforates the epithelium of the a specialised (muscular?) band running 

 . . .. r ,. through the whole length of the med- 



mtestme of the host and serves as a u n a . (After Porter.) x 400. 



means of attachment. The ciliation of 



the body is, in this fixed form, very much reduced. 



The genera of TRICHONYMPHIDAE are : Lophomonas, Stein. The 

 flagellate cilia are confined to a horse-shoe-shaped crescent at the anterior 

 end of the body. 0'03. Kectum of Periplaneta, Gryllotalpa. Leidyo- 

 nella, Frenzel. Anterior extremity prolonged to form a short neck, in 

 other respects similar to Lophomonas. 0'45. Kectum of Eutermes. 

 Trichonympha, Leidy. 'Body divided into three regions, all provided with 



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