472 AMERICAN FOREST TREES 



GLAUCOUS WILLOW (Salix discolor), commonly known as silver or pussy willow, 

 ranges from Nova Scotia to Manitoba, and southward to Delaware, West Virginia 

 Indiana, Illinois, and Missouri. It is one of the best known willows within its range 

 on account of its flowers which are among the earliest of the season, and very showy 

 The largest specimens are scarcely twenty-five feet high and twelve inches in diameter. 



MACKENZIE WILLOW (Salix cordata mackenzieana) is not abundant, and is one 

 of the smallest of the tree willows. It is nearly always a shrub. Its range extends 

 from California nearly to the Arctic circle, where it occurs in gravelly soil on the 

 borders of mountain streams. 



Missot'Ri WILLOW (Salix missouricnsis) is so named because it occurs princi- 

 pally in Missouri, but its range extends into Kansas and Iowa. It is occasionally 

 forty feet high and a foot in diameter. It is used for fence posts. 



BICELOW WILLOW (Salix lasiolepis) is generally called white willow on account 

 of its gray bark. It occurs in California and Arizona, and at its best it is twenty-five 

 feet high and ten inches in diameter. Some use is made of it as fuel, where other 

 wood is scarce. 



NUTTALL WILLOW (Salix nuttallii), called also mountain willow in Montana, 

 ranges from British America, east of the Rocky Mountains, to southern California. 

 Its usual height is twenty or twenty-five feet, and its diameter six or eight inches. 

 In southern California it grows 10,000 feet above sea level. 



HOOKER WILLOW (Salix hookeriana) occurs in the coast region from Vancouver 

 island to southern Oregon, and varies in height from a sprawling shrub to a height of 

 thirty feet and a diameter of one. Little use is made of it. 



SILKY WILLOW (Salix sitchensis), known also as Sitka willow, ranges from 

 Alaska to southern California. The largest specimens are twenty-five feet high and 

 ten inches in diameter. Trunks are largely sapwood and are of little commercial 

 importance. 



BROADLEAF WILLOW (Salix amplifolia), known also as feltleaf willow, was 

 discovered in Alaska in 1899. The leaves are woolly. The largest trees rarely 

 exceed a height of thirty feet and a diameter of six inches. Its range extends to the 

 valley of the Mackenzie river. 



A number of foreign willows have become naturalized in the United States. 

 Among them is white willow (Salix alba), which grows to large size, probably as large 

 as black willow; crack willow (Salix fragilis), so named on account of the brittleness 

 of its twigs; and weeping willow (Salix babylonica). The botanical name is based on 

 the supposition that it was this willow, growing by the rivers near Babylon, on which 

 the captive Hebrews hung their harps. Basket willow is planted for its osiers in 

 several eastern states. It is not a single species, but a group of varieties developed 

 by cultivation. 



