114 ARTHROLOGY, OR ANATOMY OF ARTICULATIONS 



THE CLASSIFICATIONS OF JOINTS 



GRAY'S CLASSIFICATION OF JOINTS 



Gray classifies them as synarthrodial, immovable; amphi- 

 arthrodial, mixed; and diarthrodial, movable. 



f dentata e. g., interparietal. 

 vera \ serrata e. g., interfrontal. 

 (true) limbosa e. g., frontopari- 

 etal. 



Sutura \ 



Synarthrodial, 

 immovable 



notha 



squamosa c. g., squaino- 

 parietal. 



Amphiarthro- 

 dial, mixed 



Diarthrodial, 

 movable 



(false) j harmonia e. g., intermax- 

 ( illary. 



Schindylesis c. g., rostrum of sphenoid and 



vomer. 

 i Gomphosis c. g., tooth in alveolus. 



(1) Surfaces connected by fibrocartilage, not 



separated by synovial membrane c. g., 

 bodies of vertebra 1 . 



(2) Surfaces covered by fibrocartilage and 



partially lined with synovial membrane 

 c. g., pubic symphysis. 

 Arthrodia, gliding (not referable to any axis) 



e. g., carpal and tarsal articulations. 

 Enarthrosis, ball-and-socket -c. g., shoulder and 



hip. 

 Ginglymus, hinge c. g., elbow, knee; no lateral 



motion. 

 Trochoides, or pivot-joint, or lateral ginglymus, 



a pivot within a ring e. g., altoaxoid. 

 Condyloid, ovoid head in elliptical cavity?, g., 



wrist. 

 Reciprocal reception, saddle-shaped e. g., carpo- 



metacarpal joint of thumb. 



The apposition of joint surfaces is accomplished by (1) 

 atmospheric pressure e. g., hip-joint; (2) synovial fluid; (3) 



