132 ARTHROLOGY, OR ANATOMY OF ARTICULATIONS 



The Shoulder- joint 



The ligaments are capsular, glenoid, coracohumeral, trans- 

 verse humeral. 



This is a ball-and-socket joint, peculiar (1) in the large 

 size of the head of the humerus and shallowness of the glenoid 

 cavity; (2) looseness of the capsule; (3) intimate relation of 

 the muscles with the capsule; (4) relation of the biceps tendon 

 to the joint. The glenoid articular cartilage is thinnest at 

 its centre -% inch (2 mm.). 



FIG. 23 



SUPERIOR GLENO- 

 HUMERAL LIGAMENT 



Shoulder-joint, rear view. The hind part of the capsular ligament and most of the 

 bead of the humerus have been removed. (Testut.) 



The capsule encircles the articulation, attached above to 

 the margin of the glenoid cavity, beyond the glenoid ligament, 

 and below to the anatomical neck of the humerus. It allows 

 the bones to be separated more than an inch; it is strengthened 

 by tendons of muscles which may be reckoned as ligaments, 

 viz., above by the supraspinatus and tendon of biceps, externally 



