THE ARTICULATIONS OF THE TARSUS 153 



The ligaments are anterior tibiotarasl, posterior tibiotarsal, 

 internal lateral, and external lateral. 



The anterior is broad and thin, and connects the tibia and 

 astragalus. The posterior consists mostly of transverse fibers 

 between the tibia and astragalus. 



The internal lateral, or deltoid, has a superficial and a deep 

 layer; the former rises from the apex, anterior and posterior 

 borders of the internal malleolus, and passes forward to the 

 scaphoid and inferior calcaneoscaphoid ligament, downward to 

 the posterior edge of the sustentaculum tali, and backward 

 to the astragalus, all to different bones; the deep layer is strong 

 and thick, and passes from the apex of the malleolus directly 

 to the inner surface of the astragalus. 



The external lateral ligament has three fasciculi one from 

 the anterior part of the external malleolus to the astragalus, 

 a middle one from the apex of the malleolus to the os calcis, 

 and a posterior one from the back of the malleolus to the 

 astragalus. 



THE ARTICULATIONS OF THE TARSUS 



The calcaneoastragaloid articulation is an arthrodial joint, 

 .formed by the astragalus and os calcis connected by a capsule 

 which is thickened at certain points, forming five ligaments- 

 internal and external calcaneoastragaloid, anterior and posterior 

 calcaneoastragaloid, and interosseous. 



The articulation of the os calcis with the cuboid is an arthrodial 

 joint, the two surfaces being connected by four ligaments 

 superior or dorsal calcaneocuboid, internal calcaneocuboid, two 

 plantar, divided into long and short calcaneocuboid. 



The superior connects the upper surfaces of the two bones. 



The internal is somewhat interosseous, blending with the 

 superior calcaneoscaphoid ligament. 



The long plantar or calcaneocuboid is the longest of all the 

 ligaments of the tarsus; it is attached to the under surface 

 of the os calcis, from near the tuberosities, as far as the anterior 

 tubercle; its fibers passing forward to be attached to the ridge 

 on the under surface of the cuboid bone, some of the more 

 superficial fibers passing to the second, third, and fourth meta- 

 tarsal bones. 



This ligament passes over the groove on the under surface 



