154 ARTHROLOGY, OR ANATOMY OF ARTICULATIONS 



of the cuboid bone, converting it into a canal for the tendon 

 of the peroneus longus. 



The short plantar or calcaneocuboid' extends from the anterior 

 tubercle of the os calcis to the cuboid bone behind its peroneal 

 groove. 



The Articulation of the Os Calcis and Scaphoid. These bones 

 do not, as a rule, articulate; the ligaments are superior or 

 external calcaneoscaphoid, inferior or internal calcaneoscaphoid. 

 The superior ligament blends with the internal calcaneocuboid 

 ligament to form the ligamentum bifurcatum. 



The articulation of the astragalus with the scaphoid is an 

 arthrodial joint; the only ligament is the superior astragalo- 

 scaphoid. 



The following tarsal articulations are connected by dorsal, 

 plantar, and interosseous ligaments the scaphoid with the 

 three cuneiform bones; the scaphoid with the cuboid; the 

 cuneiform bones with each other; the external cuneiform with 

 the cuboid. 



Synovial Membranes. The calcaneoastragaloid articulation has 

 two one for the posterior calcaneoastragaloid articulation, 

 another for the anterior calcaneoastragaloid articulation; 

 the latter synovial membrane is continued forward between 

 the contiguous surfaces of the astragalus and scaphoid bones. 

 The calcaneocuboid ligaments are lined with a distinct mem- 

 brane. The astragalus and scaphoid bones are lined by a mem- 

 brane continued forward from the calcaneoastragaloid articula- 

 tion. The following tarsal joints and their ligaments are 

 lined with a membrane which is part of the great tarsal synovial 

 membrane the scaphoid with the cuneiform bones; the 

 scaphoid with the cuboid; the cuneiform bones with each 

 other; the external cuneiform bone with the cuboid. 



The Remaining Ligaments of the Foot 



The tarsometatarsal joints have dorsal, plantar, and inter- 

 osseous ligaments; the latter are three in number., 



The intermetatarsal articulations have dorsal, plantar, and 

 interosseous ligaments; the digital extremities are united by a 

 transverse metatarsal ligament which connects the great toe to 

 the others. 



Metatarsophalangeal and interphalangeal articulations have 

 each plantar and two lateral ligaments. 



