182 MYOLOGY, OR ANATOMY OF MUSCULAR SYSTEM 



from the upper dorsal and lower three or four cervical verte- 

 brae, on the dorsal and seventh cervical from the transverse 

 process, on the remaining cervical vertebrae (fourth, fifth, or 

 sixth) by two slips from each, one from the posterior tubercle 

 of the transverse process, and one from the lower articular 

 process. These fibers unite, join part of the inner head, and 

 are inserted into the inner impression between the two curved 

 occipital lines. A tendinous inscription crosses the muscle 

 near the spine of the axis; another crosses the bi venter lower 

 down. 



(b) M. multifidus spines occupies the groove beside the spinous 

 processes from the sacrum to the axis; rises from the deep 

 surface of the erector spinae, from the back of the sacrum as 

 low as the fourth foramen, posterior extremity of the ilium, 

 and posterior sacroiliac ligament; in the lumbar region from 

 the mammillary processes; in the dorsal, from the transverse 

 process; in the cervical, from the articular processes of the four 

 lower vertebrae. The bundles pass up and in, to be inserted 

 into the whole length of the spines from the last lumbar to 

 the axis; some fibers go to the fourth vertebra above, others 

 to those nearer. 



(c) Mm Rotatores. 1. Mm. rotatores longi, really a part 

 of the multifidus, only in the dorsal region, from the upper 

 edge of a transverse process into the lateral edge of the root 

 of the second or third spinous process above. 



2. Mm. rotatores breves (rotatores dorsi of Quain), eleven 

 in number, dorsal region, nearly horizontal, from the upper 

 edge of a transverse process into the lower edge of the lamina 

 above. 



Of Flexion Vertebrae. Mm. inter spinales, vertical sets of 

 fibers in pairs between contiguous spinous processes; in the neck 

 they are round, in the back are usually absent, in the loins are 

 flat from side to side. 



Mm. Interiransverscdes (posteriores, as there is also an anterior 

 set in the neck). In the lumbar region there are two parts 

 an inner, intertransversalis posticus medialis, from a mammillary 

 process into an accessory or mammillary process next above; 

 an external, intcrtransrersalis posticus later alis, between two 

 contiguous transverse processes. In the back the inner por- 

 tion is supplied by the intertrans verse ligaments, the outer 

 portion by the levator costarum; in the neck and upper dorsal 



