

THE BRANCHES OF THE ARCH OF THE AORTA 253 



(a) Hyoid, to upper border of the hyoid bone, joins its fellow. 



(6) Dorsalis lingua, from beneath the hyoglossus, joins its 

 fellow, and supplies the tonsil, epiglottis, and soft palate, be- 

 sides the tongue. 



(c) Sublingual runs on genioglossus to the gland. Branches 

 supply the mylohyoid and gums, and a twig joins its fellow 

 across the middle line. 



III. The facial runs below the lower jaw upon the mylohyoid, 

 and grooves the upper and back part of the submaxillary gland. 

 It then crosses the jaw at the anterior border of the masseter, 

 runs over the cheek by the angle of the mouth, and alongside 

 of the nose to the inner canthus of the eye, ending in the 

 angular artery, which anastomoses with the nasal branch of 

 the ophthalmic. Its course is very tortuous. 



This vessel lies at first beneath the digastric and stylohyoid, 

 but is covered only by the platysma where it crosses the jaw. 

 In the face it lies on the buccinator, levator anguli oris, and 

 levator labii superioris. covered by the platysma, risorius, and 

 zygomatici. The vein is external and at some distance from the 

 artery, and pursues a straight course. Branches of the facial 

 nerve cross, and the infraorbital nerve is under, the artery. 



The branches of the facial artery are the following: A cervical 

 group, including the ascending palatine, tonsillar, submaxillary, 

 submental; and a facial group, the inferior labial, coronary 

 upper and lower, lateralis nasi, and the angular and the mus- 

 cular branches. 



IV. The occipital artery is at first covered by the digastric 

 and stylohyoid muscles and crossed by the hypoglossal nerve. 

 It then crosses the internal carotid sheath and spinal accessory 

 nerve to the interval between the atlas and mastoid process, 

 lying here in the occipital groove of the mastoid process, and 

 then pierces the origin of the trapezius to ramify in the scalp 

 as high as the vertex. Branches: Muscular, the sternomastoid, 

 the mastoid, princeps cervicis, and the meningeal. 



V. The posterior auricular artery, resting on the styloid pro- 

 cess, passes beneath the parotid to the groove between the 

 mastoid and auricle, and divides into two branches, the auric- 

 ular and the mastoid, the latter supplying the scalp. This artery 

 crosses the spinal accessory and is crossed by the facial nerve. 



VI. The ascending pharyngeal ascends between the pharynx 

 and internal carotid to the base of the skull, giving oft' branches 



