334 NEUROLOGY, OR ANATOMY OF NERVOUS SYSTEM 



Gustatory Area. Probably in region of the olfactory area 

 in the temporal lobe (uncinate and hippocampal gyre?) (not 

 definitely settled). 



Language Areas. Emissive (articular) centre for speech (con- 

 trol of muscles used in speech; larynx, tongue, jaw muscles). 

 Junction of subfrontal gyre with the precentral gyre. 



Auditory perceptive centre (word deafness) also the lalognostic 

 (word understanding) centre. Marginal gyre and adjacent parts 

 of super- and meditemporal gyre. 



Visual receptive centre (word blindness). Angular gyre. 



Emissive "Writing" Centre. Medifrontal gyre, in front of 

 motor area for the upper limb (this has not been definitely 

 proved or accepted). 



Language Arrangement Centre. Island of Reil or insular 

 association area serving to connect the various receptive sense 

 areas relating to the understanding of the written and spoken 

 word with the somesthetic emissary centre related to articulate 

 speech and writing. 



Association Areas. Under this heading are included the 

 frontal association area concerned, as far as is known, with 

 the powers of thought in the abstract, creative, constructive, 

 philosophic. The parieto-occipito-temporal area were concerned 

 with the powers of conception of the concrete, for the com- 

 prehension of analogies, comparing, generalizing, and system- 

 atizing things heard, observed, and felt. (Gray.) 



THE PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM 



THE CRANIAL NERVES 



The cranial nerves consist of twelve pairs, as follows : 



I. Olfactory (fila). VIII. Acoustic, 



II. Optic. 1. Cochlearis. 



III. Oculomotor. 2. Vestibularis. 



IV. Trochlear. IX. Glossopharyngeal. 

 V. Trigeminal. X. Vagus. 



VI. Abducent. XI. Spinal accessory, 



VII. Facial, 1. Accessory to vagus. 



Nervus intermedius. 2. Spinal part. 



XII, Hypoglossal, 



