440 SPLANCHNOLOGY, OR ANATOMY OF THE VISCERA 



for about 3 inches, included between the reflections of the 

 coronary ligaments. Beneath this serous covering is a fibrous' 

 or areolar capsule (capsule of Glisson), which passes into the 

 transverse fissure around the vessels and blends with the 

 areolar tissue which holds the liver lobules together. 



The vessels of the liver are : 



The hepatic artery and portal rein, with nerves and lymphatics, 

 pass to, and the hepatic duets pass out from, the transverse 

 * fissure. These are all situated between the layers of the lesser 

 omentum, lying in the following relative position: The duct 

 to the right, the artery to the left, and the vein between them 

 and on a posterior plane. They are all enclosed in some loose 

 areolar tissue. The hepatic artery is derived from the celiac 

 axis, and divides into a right and left branch. Entering the 

 transverse fissure they pass between the lobules (interlobular 

 branches), and give off small twigs which pass into the 

 lobules and end in the capillary plexus between the cells. 



The portal rein divides into interlobular veins, then form 

 a plexus, which gives off intralobulai capillaries, ramifying 

 around and in the cells. Thus bringing the blood directly 

 in relation with the cells to form the bile. The hepatic veins 

 are three large trunks, opening into the inferior vena cava. 

 The ducts start as minute passages between the cells (biliary 

 passages, bile capillaries), then radiating to the circumference 

 of the lobules empty into small interlobular ducts. These 

 pass into the portal canals and form two large ducts, a right 

 and left, which accompany the hepatic arteries and portal 

 vein to the transverse fissure of the liver, to become the single 

 hepatic duct. The nerves of the liver are derived from the 

 left vagus and sympathetic system. 



The lymphatics end in the celiac group, some to the hepatic 

 nodes at the transverse fissure, and the efferents from the 

 nodes beneath the capsule of Glisson, pierce the diaphragm 

 to empty into the nodes about the inferior cava. A few pass 

 to the nodes about the abdominal portion of the esophagus./ 



THE GALL-BLADDER 



This is a pear-shaped sac lying in the impression of the 

 right lobe, from the right end of the transverse fissure to the 

 anterior free margin. It is 4 inches long and Ij inches broad, 



