96 ANNUAL REPORTS OF DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 



quality proved to be high. Seven supervisors and 90 inspectors were 

 engaged in this ^York, which involved over 9,000,000 pounds of but- 

 ter produced in 119 creameries. The butter was produced largely in 

 Minnesota, low^a, and California, with smaller quantities from Wis- 

 consin, Michigan, and Pennsylvania. 



When the Government commandeered butter held in storage in the 

 ])rincipal markets of the United States, the butter allotted to the 

 Navy w^as scored by department representatives at the request of the 

 Navy Department. 



INSPECTION OF KENOVATED-UUTTER FACTOPJES. 



The supervision of renovated-butter factories, consisting of an in- 

 spection of the sanitary condition of the factories and the approval 

 of wrappers and cartons used, wos conducted at 15 plants, whose out- 

 put for the fiscal year amounted to 16,667,455 pounds. This is a de- 

 cline of 14 per cent from the preceding year and of 62.75 per cent in 

 10 years. 



MILK INVESTIGATIONS AND DEMONSTRATIONS. 



SANITARY SURVEYS OF CITY J,IILK SUPPLIES. 



Surveys on the sanitation of the milk supplies of several cities were 

 made. These surveys w^ere more detailed than in former years and 

 took into consideration the source and handling of the milk supply, 

 together with laboratory and inspection methods used in safeguard- 

 ing its quality. Detailed bacteriological tests were made in many in- 

 stances, and considerable help was given to the city authorities in 

 the preparation of new milk ordinances. In the course of this work 

 478 dairy farms and 415 city milk plants were inspected, 3,532 bac- 

 terial counts were conducted, and 95 chemical tests were made. 



SANITARY SURVEYS OF MILK SUPPLIES FOR ARMY AND NAVY. 



Sanitary inspection work for safeguarding the milk supplies of 

 Army cantonments and naval bases and hospitals was continued and 

 extended at the request of the United States Public Health Service. 

 Careful and thorough investigations of the source and handling of 

 milk were made, and raw milk, sour milk, and repasteurized milk 

 Avere excluded. This work v^-as done in 9 cantonment zones, with spe- 

 cially complete surveys at Houston, AVaco, and San Antonio, Tex., 

 and Law^ton, Okla. 



MILK CONTESTS. 



Each year the milk contest is proving itself more valuable as a 

 means of improving the city milk supply and keeping the quality 

 at a high standard. During the year five contests were held in five 

 States and a total of 264 samples of milk and cream were given a 

 complete score. Criticisms and suggestions for improvement were 

 made to exhibitors. 



MILK-PLANT MANAGEMENT. 



The w^ork in milk-plant management consisted largely of personal 

 assistance in the operation of milk plants and help in the organizing 

 of central plants. Assistance of various kinds was also given by 

 correspondence, including the drawing of numerous special floor 



