FEDERAL HORTICULTURAL BOARD. 529 



anywhere in this country, and numbei*s of them, if established, 

 Avoiild undoubtedly become important farm, garden, or forest pests. 



During the fiscal year 1919, possibly as a result of the let-down due 

 to war conditions, there was an exceptional increase of infestation of 

 imported nursery stock with gipsy and brown-tail moth. In the 

 previous years under this quarantme shipments thus infested had been 

 so reduced that for the entire period of seven years only 63 infested 

 shipments had been discovered, whereas prior to the passage of the 

 quarantine act such instances of infestation ran up to several thousand 

 annually. Altogether 123 species of insects were intercepted on vari- 

 ous plants and plant products during the fiscal year just ended. In 

 addition to gipsy-moth egg masses and brown-tail moth nests, the 

 more important interceptions were pink bollworm-infested cotton 

 seed from Brazil and China, European Lackey moth from Holland, 

 fruit fly larvae from Cuba, Oriental moth from Japan, gold-tail moth 

 from 1^ ranee, seed weevils infesting cherry seed irom France, and a 

 number of injurious scale insects on miscellaneous plants. Soil insects 

 were collected on several occasions, including the European mole 

 cricket, earwigs, Otiorchynchid larvae, wire worms, and white grubs 

 from Holland. 



With respect to plant diseases intercepted during the fiscal year 

 1919, 270 distinct disease organisms were identified on imported plant 

 material. Among these, one case of powdery scab was found on pota- 

 toes from Ecuador, confirming the supposed Andean origin of this 

 disease, and one interception of citrus canker was made at Seattle, 

 Wash., on citrus fruits taken from passengers' baggage. 



INSPECTION OF PLANT-INTRODUCTION GARDENS. 



The board has continued its annual or more frequent inspection of 

 the plant-introduction gardens maintained by the Department of 

 Agriculture at Yarrow, Md. ; Miami and Brooksville, Fla. ; Savan- 

 nah, Ga. ; and Chico, Calif., and the field station of the Office of Dry- 

 Land Agriculture at Mandan, N. Dak. 



TERMINAL INSPECTION OF INTERSTATE MAIL SHIPMENTS OF 

 PLANTS AND PLANT PRODUCTS. 



During the year the State of Arkansas, under authority of the act 

 of March 4, 1915, made provision for terminal inspection of mail ship- 

 ments of plants and plant products originating in other States. 

 California, the first State to make provision for such inspection, in 

 1915, was followed in 1916 by Arizona and Montana; in 1917 by 

 Florida, and in 1918 by Washington. 



NEW PLANT QUARANTINES. 



The following foreign and domestic quarantines and other restric- 

 tive orders have been promulgated or revised during the year : 



Domestic. The Japanese beetle quarantine, the European corn 

 borer quarantine, the black stem rust quarantine, and the gipsy moth 

 and brown-tail moth quarantine (a revision). 



Foreign. The bamboo quarantine and the nursery stock, plant, 

 and seed quarantine. 



The most important of these quarantines have been made tlie sub- 

 ject of specific discussion and explanation elsewhere in this report. 

 The gipsy moth and brown-tail moth quarantine represents merely 



