7*4 



POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY. 



Of a crayfish studied thus, she reported : " It 

 has eight arms and two legs and a tail and 

 two eyes, it has an body, it lives in the wa- 

 ter. The body is hard and the arms and 

 the legs are not strong, they are soft." 

 Tommy Stringer came to the kindergarten 

 department feeble, inert, exhibiting few 

 signs of intelligence, and seemingly devoid 

 of most of the impulses of children. He is 

 now full of eager curiosity concerning the 

 world about him, enjoys life, and is bright, 

 affectionate, and extremely fond of fun. He 

 is at the head of his class in some of his 

 studies. He is remarkably interested in mat- 

 ters of housekeeping and domestic economy. 

 He has a strong bent toward zoological study. 

 In a talk about fish his attention was drawn 

 to the backbone. He felt it carefully from 

 end to end, and then passed his fingers up 

 and down his own backbone to show the 

 correspondence. " On discovering the eyes, 

 mouth, nostrils, etc., of the frog, he pointed 

 to similar features of his own ; and when he 

 found joints in the frog's hind legs, he im- 

 mediately began looking for the joints of 

 his own body and found nearly all." No 

 seeing boy's portrait is more animated in ex- 

 pression than his. 



Gladation in High Latitudes. In his 



Glacial Studies of Greenland, Mr. T. C. 

 Chamberlin regards the effect of latitude on 

 glaciation merely hi the light of such results 

 as may be attributed to the constancy of 

 the sun above or below the horizon, the low 

 angle of incidence of its rays, their impact 

 from all points of the compass, and similar 

 features. A partial means of determining 

 what these are is found by comparison be- 

 tween the glaciers of Disco Island, only a 

 little within the Arctic Circle, and those of 

 Inglefield Gulf, eight and a half degrees 

 farther north. The Disco glaciers seem to 

 have all the familiar characteristics of gla- 

 ciers south of the Arctic Circle, while the 

 Inglefield glaciers take on habits significant 

 of their high latitude. The feature which is 

 likely first to impress the observer on reach- 

 ing the glaciers of the north is the vertical- 

 ity of their walls. Southern glaciers termi- 

 nate hi curving slopes, and the Disco glaciers 

 have the same habit ; but the margins of the 

 Inglefield glaciers rise abruptly like an es- 

 carpment of rock, a hundred or a hundred 



and fifty feet or more. The layers of ice 

 are cut sharp across, exposing their edges. 

 This, however, is not quite universal, as slop- 

 ing forms occur here and there. Occasion- 

 ally a glacier presents both aspects. These 

 abrupt terminal walls turn toward all points 

 of the compass. Next to verticality, the 

 most impressive feature is the pronounced 

 stratification of the ice, which is vastly more 

 evident than in ordinary glaciers. The ice 

 is almost as distinctly bedded and laminated 

 as are sedimentary rocks. The movement of 

 these glaciers is in most cases exceedingly 

 slow, and many of the ordinary signs of 

 movement are absent ; but a few glaciers at 

 the head of the gulf which produce large 

 icebergs are notable exceptions to the rule. 

 Several of the glaciers observed show evi- 

 dence of retreat. One was seen overriding 

 its terminal moraine hi one portion and re- 

 treating within it at another, a fact indicat- 

 ing that it had been stationary for a consid- 

 erable period. The combination of various 

 evidences leads the author to regard the in- 

 ference as unavoidable that the ice in Green- 

 land, on its western slope at least, has never 

 in recent geological times advanced very 

 greatly beyond its present border. " This," 

 Mr. Chamberlin adds, " carries with it the 

 dismissal of the hypothesis that the gla- 

 ciation of our mainland had its source in 

 Greenland." 



Indians of Piedmont Virginia. The 



earliest accounts of the Indians of the Pied- 

 mont region of the South Atlantic States are 

 given by Lederer, who explored the country in 

 1670, and Beverley. According to Beverley, 

 as quoted by Mr. James Mooney in his paper on 

 the Sioiian Tribes of the East, each Virginian 

 tribe had a particular tribal mark such as 

 one, two, or three arrows arranged to point 

 upward, downward, or sidewise painted on 

 the shoulders, by which its members could 

 be distinguished when away from home. 

 The Virginia Assembly found these marks 

 useful in the recognition of friends, and had 

 badges made and distributed among the 

 tribes, without which no Indian was allowed 

 to come to the settlement. For counting, 

 these Indians used pebbles or bundles of 

 short reeds or straps. Heaps of stones in- 

 dicated the number of persons killed on a 

 battle ground or of emigrants to some dis- 



