UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA. 459 



It fills a long-felt want in higher education, by allowing youth of 

 different predilections a choice between two equally valuable 

 lines of mental training. The laboratories of the school are 

 thoroughly equipped with material for research and investiga- 

 tion. The museums are rich in complete articulated skeletons 

 for the study of comparative osteology. The conservatory is filled 

 with a representative collection of plants, and botany is studied 

 from the living organisms. The Botanical Garden, which of late 

 years has not been improved, owing to the lack of funds, is now 

 being beautified by laying out paths, erecting mounds, and the 

 construction of an artificial lake. Dr. Macfarlane, the Professor 

 of Botany, anticipates making it one of the best botanical gardens 

 in the country. For the purpose of procuring rare seeds to place 

 in the garden, Dr. Macfarlane has prepared a list of eight hundred 

 different kinds of seeds to be exchanged with botanical gardens 

 throughout the world. Within the past two years one thousand 

 different kinds have been received from twenty-one gardens 

 located in America, Europe, and Asia. A number of original in- 

 vestigations have been conducted in the school which have pro- 

 duced important economic and scientific results. These studies, 

 published in the contributions from the Botanical and Zoological 

 Laboratory, consist of Maize : A Botanical and Economic Study, 

 by Dr. John W. Harshberger ; The Correlations of the Volumes 

 and Surfaces of Organisms, by Dr. John A. Ryder ; The Embryos 

 of Bats, by Dr. Harrison Allen ; and a number of other important 

 works. 



Medical science at the university assumes great importance, 

 on account of its early historical foundation. A great stride has 

 recently been made in the progress of the science at the univer- 

 sity by the establishment of a four years' course of study and by 

 the opening of new laboratories and museums for research and 

 investigation. The instruction of the medical department of the 

 university is conducted in the Medical Hall, Laboratory Building, 

 the University Hospital, the Pepper Laboratory of Clinical Medi- 

 cine, the Laboratory of Hygiene, and the Wistar Institute of 

 Biology and Anatomy. It will be impossible even to enumerate 

 all the researches and investigations made in the various medical 

 laboratories. The subject of medical chemistry has for many 

 years been given great prominence. Since 1818 this chair has 

 been held in succession by Dr. Coxe, Dr. Robert Hare, Dr. James 

 B. Rogers, Dr. Robert E. Rogers, and Dr. Theodore G. Wormley, 

 the present incumbent, who was elected in 1877. Dr. Wormley 

 has attained a world-wide reputation by his work on The Micro- 

 chemistry of Poisons. The course in chemistry amounts to three 

 hours' work per week for two years. There are two chemical 

 laboratories in the medical department, in which practical exami- 



