UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA. 463 



in the history of veterinary science in this country. Among the 

 most valuable results of veterinary work at the university have 

 been the introduction in this country of some of the successful 

 practices of foreign veterinarians in regard to the suppression of 

 diseases among animals and their transmission to men. In this 

 connection the most noted achievement has been the introduction 

 of tuberculin as a diagnostic for detecting tuberculosis in cattle. 

 The valuable and well-known experiments of Dr. E. O. Shake- 

 speare on infectious diseases of swine, and on tetanus, were also 

 conducted at the veterinary department of the university. 



The university has taken a new departure in order to make its 

 treasures of art and science accessible to the people. Systematic 

 Saturday courses were opened in the college two years ago for 

 teachers unable to take the regular graduate work of the uni- 

 versity. These courses have become so popular that one hundred 

 and eighty- one teachers are now doing special work in the vari- 

 ous departments. Estimating that each teacher represents forty 

 pupils, the university, by means of these special courses, exerts a 

 direct influence on more than seven thousand individuals. Dr. 

 Edward Brooks, Superintendent of the Schools of Philadelphia, 

 stated recently that the city school principals in Dr. Fullerton's 

 graduate class alone represented twenty- five thousand pupils. 

 This is but one step toward giving to the general public a share 

 in university instruction, too often restricted to a few. With free 

 museums, new laboratories and new methods, and more liberal 

 encouragement from the State, the university is rapidly approach- 

 ing the ideal expressed by Prof. Calvin Thomas : 



A university in the German sense is an institution crowning" the educa- 

 tional system of a state, treating its students as free adults engaged in a 

 bona-fide pursuit of knowledge, offering its advantages at the lowest pos- 

 sible price, sending down its roots into the life of the people, to take thence 

 the sap of its own vitality, and paying back the debt by raising the level 

 of intelligence and adding to the value and dignity of life throughout the 

 entire Commonwealth. 



Provost Harrison's great influence with the people of Phila- 

 delphia, with his own generosity, has resulted in gifts to the uni- 

 versity during the past two years of one and a half million dol- 

 lars. University instruction, from its very nature, can not be 

 self-supporting, for universities are, after all, charities on a large 

 scale. The recognition which the university is now obtaining 

 from the city gives us every reason to believe that the efforts of 

 the provost will make it possible for us, within the next few 

 years, to do for the educational life of the community, in an 

 adequate degree, what a university as a center of higher culture 

 should do, and at the same time to make large contributions to 

 the sum of human knowledge. 



