WORLD'S GEOLOGISTS AT ST. PETERSBURG. 213 



committee on geological nomenclature will doubtless make a fair 

 showing, although beset by many difficulties in harmonizing the 

 views of members. A difference of opinion of grave proportions, 

 which has threatened the life of past congresses, concerns the prob- 

 able culmination of previous attempts of geologists to get the con- 

 trol of the organization out 

 of the hands of officials of the 

 scientific bureaus of various 

 governments. The excur- 

 sions laid out certainly cover 

 a vast territory, including 

 the Ural Mountains, Moscow, 

 Volga River region, Samara 

 to Kazan, the glacial forma- 

 tions of Esthonia, Finland, 

 basin of the Donetz, mineral 

 waters of Vladikavkaz, Nij- 

 ni-Novgorod, Kiew, Dnieper 

 River, to Tiflis and glaciers 

 by military route of Geor- 

 gia, Tiflis to Baku, Batoum, 

 and Kertch, all parts of the 

 Crimea, Sebastopol, southern 

 Russian mining region, to the 

 glacier Guenaldon at Pia- 

 tigorsk, Lake Gokhtcha, 

 Mount Ararat, etc. 



The International Geolog- 

 ical Congress was conceived 

 by the American Association 



for the Advancement of Science at the Buffalo meeting, 1876, 

 when a resolution was adopted, calling for such a congress to be 

 held in Paris in 1878. The committee comprised W. B. Rogers, 

 Dr. James Hall, J. W. Dawson, the late Dr. J. S. Newberry, the 

 late Dr. T. Sterry Hunt, C. H. Hitchcock, R. Pumpelly, of Amer- 

 ica ; the late Prof. T. H. Huxley, Dr. Otto Torrell, and E. H. van 

 Baumhaur, of Europe. Dr. Hall was made chairman of the com- 

 mittee and Dr. Hunt secretary. Their labors resulted in the first 

 international congress being held in Paris in 1888. The second 

 congress was held in Bologna, the third in Berlin, the fourth in 

 London, the fifth in Washington, and the sixth in Zurich, at in- 

 tervals of three years. 



The geological map of Europe was conceived at the congress 

 of Bologna, where it was determined that the methods of accom- 

 plishing the ends of unification in nomenclature and coloring had 

 become sufficiently understood. It was thought best to select 



THE GRAND DUKE CONSTANTINOVITCII, President 

 of the Imperial Academy of Sciences and Hon- 

 orary President of the Congress. 



