346 POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY. 



a success in this direction with which in this country we can only 

 compare Liebig's successful instruction in Giessen. 



The power of attracting young men and interesting them in 

 scientific questions was early noticeable in Ludwig. At Marburg, 

 already in the year 1842, we find him working in connection with his 

 scholars, or, as he always designated them, " his young friends/' 

 among whom some, such as C. Eckhard and Ad. Fick, afterward be- 

 came his physiological colleagues. In the same way, during his six 

 years' stay at Zurich, he gathered about him as fellow-workers in his 

 researches all the stronger elements there. His power of attraction 

 soon spread beyond the limits of the university, and later in Vienna, 

 and finally here in Leipsic increased in a nearly geometrical rate of 

 progression. The number of young men from all over the world 

 whom Ludwig has guided to independent investigation has increased 

 in the course of years to several hundred, and we see on the list some 

 of the first names of our modern scientific world. Yet all Ludwig's 

 pupils have all their lives looked up to him with deepest gratitude 

 and affection, and have recognized how much they profited just from 

 him in the line of intellectual education. " I owe Ludwig," a 

 prominent investigator wrote me recently, " my scientific conscience, 

 and instinctive repugnance to any bungling." 



In trying to account for Ludwig's wonderful gift for teaching, I 

 find the first main condition in his highly ideal spirit; the second, 

 however, in his deep love on the one hand for investigating and on 

 the other for aspiring youth. Only he who feels deeply can attach 

 others to himself for any length of time. When Ludwig spoke of his 

 pupils as his young friends this was no mere figure of speech; he was in 

 reality personally interested in them, and even after many years had 

 passed, still followed their later career with all the sympathy of a true 

 friend. When he gave the young men who came to him scientific 

 work to do, and with unselfish devotion taught them the first prin- 

 ciples of physiological thought, interrogation, and method, his power 

 of combining the qualities of teacher and fellow-worker was unsur- 

 passed. He knew, moreover, how to deal with each one according 

 to his particular nature, and the large field of work he controlled 

 made it possible for him to give suitable work to pupils of the most 

 varied talents and training. One he placed in the chemical labora- 

 tory, another before the microscope ; to sensitively organized natures 

 he gave delicate experiments to do, and even if a clumsy worker 

 applied to Ludwig, he was not disappointed, but was placed in the 

 care of that careful and experienced assistant, Salvenmoser. Even 

 if such a pupil was never able t.o do independent work, he at least 

 had the opportunity of learning by his own observation the great im- 

 portance of order and precision in all scientific undertakings. 



