452 



POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY. 



of the crosiers served a more useful purpose than the crosiers them- 

 selves, because their representations on the screen were very large, 

 and could be seen very easily by the whole class at once. 



At present there are more than one hundred and fifty different 

 species of native wild plants in the garden. No attempt has been 

 made to arrange them in ornamental beds, since they can not be 

 studied so well in that arrangement. When over fifty pupils at a 

 time are to study growing plants, such plants must be easily acces- 

 sible, and therefore scattered as much as is consistent with other con- 



Fourth-Grade Pupils obsekving. George Putnam School Garden. 



ditions, especially that of caring for the plants and mowing the grass 

 about them. Three or four times as many children can examine 

 twenty plants set in rows as can examine them arranged in a bed ; and 

 the work of weeding the plants and cutting the grass in the former 

 arrangement is not half as much as in the latter. The useful 

 arrangement always takes precedence of the ornamental. 



A great many insects have been observed upon the. plants 

 beetles, wasps, flies, moths, and butterflies. In the last class nine 

 species have been seen: Pieris rapae, Colias philodice, Melitcea 

 pharos, Cynthia Atalanta, Grapta interrogations, Cynthia cardui, 

 Danais Archippus, Papilio turnus, and Lycasna americana. Soon 



