248 THE PRACTICAL FARMER. 



He is wrong in thinking that his land does not 

 need draining. He is wrong in being satisfied with 

 one and a half tons of hay to the acre when he might 

 easily get two and a half. He is wrong in not 

 removing as far as possible every stone that can 

 interfere with the deep and thorough cultivation of 

 his soil. He is wrong in reaping less than his father 

 did, when he should get more. He is wrong in as- 

 cribing to the weather, and similar causes, what is 

 due to the actual impoverishment of his soil. He is 

 wrong in not raising turnips, carrots, and other 

 roots, which his winter stock so much need, when 

 they might be raised at a cost of less than one-third 

 of their value as food. He is wrong in considering 

 worthless a deposit of muck, which is a mine of 

 wealth if properly employed. He is wrong in 

 ventilating his stables at the cost of heat. He is 

 wrong in his treatment of his manures, for he loses 

 more than one half of their value from evaporation, 

 fermentation, and leaching. He is wrong in not 

 having water at hand for his cattle their exercise 

 detracts from their accumulation of fat and the 

 economy of their heat, and it exposes them to cold. 

 He is wrong in not protecting his fattening stock from 

 the cold of winter ; for, under exposure to cold, the 

 food, which would otherwise be used in the forma- 

 tion oifat, goes to the production of the animal heat 

 necessary to counteract the chilling influence of the 

 w T eather, p. 44. He is wrong in allowing his manure 

 to lie unprotected in the barn-yard. He is wrong 

 in not adding to his tools the deep surface plow, the 



