THE FALL OF NEW FRANCE 103 
engaging to keep their hands off the Algonquins. 
But Frontenac flung their wampum belt back into 
their faces, and demanded unconditional submission, 
under penalty of worse treatment than they had yet 
experienced. 
In February, 1698, the news of the peace of Rys- 
wick ended the war, so far as the French and English 
were concerned. In November of the same year 
Frontenac died at Quebec, bitterly hated by his rivals 
and enemies, dreaded and admired by the Indians, 
idolized by the common people, and respected by all 
for his probity and his soldierly virtues. His stormy 
administration had been fruitful of benefits to Canada. 
By humbling the Iroquois the French ascendency 
over all the Indian tribes was greatly increased. 
During the merciless campaigns of the past ten years 
the Long House had lost more than half of its war- 
riors, and was left in such a state of dilapidation and 
dejection that Canada had but little to fear from it in 
future. In 1715 the fighting strength of the confed- 
eracy was partially repaired by the adoption of the 
kindred tribe of the Tuscaroras, who had just been 
expelled from North Carolina by the English settlers, 
and migrated to New York. After this accession the 
Iroquois, henceforth known as the Six Nations, formed a 
power by no means to be despised. But their haughty 
spirit was so far broken that they became accessible to 
the arts of French diplomacy, and at times they were 
almost persuaded to make common cause with the 
other Indian tribes against the English. That they 
did not finally forsake the English alliance was per- 
haps chiefly due to the extraordinary ascendency 
acquired over them by Sir William Johnson, an Irish- 
