120 THE FALL OF NEW FRANCE 
content. Meanwhile, at Bushy Run, in the Alleghanies, 
Henry Bouquet won the fiercest battle ever fought 
between white men and Indians; and in the course’ 
of the next year he made his way far into the Ohio 
country, and completely humbled the Shawnees and 
Delawares, so that they were fain to sue for peace. 
This campaign wrought the ruin of the great Indian 
conspiracy. The Senecas were browbeaten by John- 
son, the French refused to lend any assistance, and 
finally Pontiac, after giving in his submission, was 
murdered in the woods at Cahokia, near St. Louis. 
Useless butchery was all that ever came of his deep- 
laid scheme, as it is all that has ever come of most 
Indian schemes; but the “Conspiracy of Pontiac” is 
worth remembering as a natural sequel of the great 
French war, as the most serious attempt ever made by 
the Indians to assert themselves against white men, and 
as the theme of one of the most brilliant and fascinat- 
ing books that has ever been written by any historian 
since the days of Herodotus. 
The Seven Years’ War did not come to an end 
until Spain, afraid for her possessions in the East and 
West Indies, had taken up arms on the side of France. 
She thus invited the catastrophe which she dreaded, 
for in 1762 England conquered Cuba and the Philip- 
pine Islands. At the definitive treaty of peace, known 
as the peace of Paris, and signed in February, 1763, 
England gave back Cuba and the Philippine Islands 
to Spain in exchange for Florida. To indemnify 
Spain for this loss of Florida, incurred through her 
alliance with France, the latter power ceded to Spain 
the town of New Orleans and all of Louisiana west 
of the Mississippi —a vast and ill-defined region, as 
