iv GLOSSARY 



excujrcitt. Said of trees (as firs and spnices) in wliich the main 

 trunk or leader continues through the tree-top. 



exogen (see ciidogf>i). Of the dicotyledon class, the stem enlarging 

 by external layers or rings. 



fertilization takes place in the flower wlicn a pollen nucleus and an 

 egg-cell nucleus unite in a forming ovule. 



fibro-vasciilar. Bundles or strands of tissue composed of sieve tubes, 

 mechanical (ibro and vessels or ducts. 



filament. The stalk part of a stamen. 



follicle. A single-cavity fruit or pod opening along its inner edge. 



frond. A leaf of a fern and related plants. 



fruit. In botany, the ripened ovary with the attached parts. All 

 flowering plants, therefore, produce fruits. The term is also used 

 for the ripened reproductive bodies of flowerless plants. 



frtiit-dot, sorus. A collection or cluster of sporangia, as in ferns. 



function. What a plant or an organ does ; how it works. 



gamete. A cell or nucleus that takes part in fertilization. 



gametopJiyte. The stage of the plant (as the prothallus) that bears or 

 produces the sex organs ; sexual stage of the plant. 



gamopctalous. Said of a corolla with the petals united. 



gamosepalous. Said of a calyx with the sepals united. 



generation. The entire life period of a plant. 



geotropism. Turning toward the earth, as the action of the roots. 



glomentle. A dense globular or oblong flower-cluster in which the 

 upper or inner flowers open first. 



graft. A cutting inserted in another plant for the purpose of having it 

 grow there. 



gymnosperf/i ("naked seed"). A name apj^lied to a group of plants 

 (pines, spruces, cedars, and the like) in which the seeds are not 

 contained in an ovary. 



hi'ad. A very dense globular or oblong flower-cluster in which the 

 outer flowers open first ; often applied to any dense flower-cluster. 



herb. A plant that never becomes woody and that dies to the ground, 

 or dies entirely, in winter. 



hilum. The scar or spot where the seed was attached to its stalk. 



liip. The fruit of the rose, which is a hollowed torus containing the dry 

 fruits or "seeds." 



homologous. Related to, or with, in origin or structure. Thus, a ten- 

 dril of grape is homologous with a branch ; a tendril of grape is 

 analogojis to a tendril of pea (similar in function), but not homolo- 

 gous, for one represents a branch (or flower-cluster) and the othe? 

 represents a leaf. ~ 



