54 



Salt your Stock — Construction of Ice Houses Vol. III. 



hausted as to allow tiie disease to develope 

 itself, which may be known by the curling; 

 and yellow appearance of the leaves-, and is 

 called in New Jersey the yellows. The 

 ground should then be cleared and put under 

 other cultivation, as it will not sustain ano- 

 ther growth till so manag-ed. To this cause 

 I attribute the extinction of some, and the 

 very great degeneracy of other varieties. — 

 Who does not remember the fine, large, thin 

 skin, delicious Morris' whites, so plentiful in 

 our market a few years since — where are 

 they now ? The last I saw, two years ago, 

 were about the size of a hulled walnut, and 

 both knotty and bitter; they have since dis- 

 appeared. A line, large, yellow, and an ear- 

 ly white free-stone, originating with, and 

 bearing the name of one of the greate.st peach 

 growers in America, Mr. B., of Camden, N. 

 Jersey, since deceased, have shared the same 

 fate. 



I would advise all who intend to commence 

 this business, (particularly our friends in Del- 

 aware,) to obtain peach nuts from a distant 

 and healthy district, and grow their stocks 

 from them. Indeed, I would prefer to have 

 the entire orchard supplied by such seedlings ; 

 but should you not have a sufficiency of good 

 varieties for that purpose, then bud from the 

 best into stocks thus obtained, in preference 

 to taking them from any trees we now have ; 

 then by supplying the soil with good manure, 

 either animal or vegetable, or both, it is high- 

 ly probable our trees would continue to bear 

 you good crops for many years to come, in 

 despite of either the disease called tfhe yel- 

 lows, or the worm. Amygdalus, 



For the Farmers' Cabinet. 



Salt your Stock, 



AND NEVER BE WITHOUT A STOCK OF .SALT. 



Every person is sensible of the good effect 

 of salt on the human system ; we know how 

 unwholesome and unpalatable fre.sh meat and 

 vegetables are without it. It was held by 

 the ancients in the highest estimation. We 

 also know the avidity with which animals in 

 a wild state .seek the .salt licks, and the diffi- 

 culties and dangers they will encounter to 

 reach them ; this cannot arise from accident, 

 or caprice, but from a powerful instinct, which, 

 beyond controul, compels them to seek, at all 

 risks, that which is salubrious. 



I lorses, cattle, and sheep should be regu- 

 larly supplied with salt at stated intervals at 

 all seaj^ons of the year, without stint. It pro- 

 motes their health and improves their condi- 

 tion, and when they become habituated to its 

 frequent use, there is no danger of tlieir tak- 

 ing such a quantity of it as to dotheiu iiijury. 

 It promotes di<restion, and destroy fi worms in 

 the stomach and alimentary canal. Horses 



that are reirularly and copiously salted sel- 

 dom or never are troubled with hotts or cho- 

 lic, and experience has proved that it is as 

 extensively u.'-eful to cattle and sheep. 



All good farmers salt their animals, but 

 with many it is not done with sufficient reg- 

 ularity, and there are many lazy, careless 

 persons that pass under the denomination of 

 farmers, though they are not worthy of such 

 an honorable designation, who whf)lly neglect 

 the important duty of furnishing their stock 

 with salt, to their great loss and shame, and 

 for such this is written, 



"Tliat what they find for thoir hands todo, they may 

 do quickly." •*** 



Tor (he Fariner.-i' (^aliiiipt. 



Coiistructiois o£ Ice Hou<ie§. 



The July number of the Fanners' Cabinet 

 contains a request for some one to furnish an 

 essay on Ice Houses ; as I have some experi- 

 ence on that subject, I freely communicate 

 my knowledge for the benefit of the public. 



I have erected several houses principally 

 for the purpose of supplying the citizens of 

 Wilmington with ice ; and find the larger the 

 house the better it will keep; and that those 

 constructed under ground are much prefera- 

 ble so those built in the open air: and further 

 that a wet, humid atmospl^ere is more destruc- 

 tive on ice thun hot weather. In making an 

 ice house you first dig a cellar in the side of 

 a hill the dimensions that you wish to make 

 your house; the only rule to observe in this 

 operation is, to make the cellar so that it will 

 not hold water. If the situation is sandy, or 

 if you come to a vein of sand aboot the time 

 you arrive at the proper depth, no further care 

 will be necessary ; but if you find a stifle clay 

 or earth of any kind impervious to water, you 

 must make an outlet or abandon the place. — 

 This outlet may be constructed in several 

 ways; if on the side of a hill, dig a drain and 

 make it air tight by an inverted syphon ; or 

 the water may be drained into a well and 

 pumped out, or you may sink a small shaft in 

 the bottom of the house until yon come to 

 sand, and fill it up with stone. When the 

 cellar is finished the walls may be made of 

 stfme, brick, or wood, to suit the convenience 

 of the builder, always leaving a space of 8 or 

 10 inches between the sides of the building 

 and the earth, to fill in with tan, chnrcoal, 

 straw, cornstalks, or any other non-conductor 

 you can get, but tan is by far the best article 

 yet known. 



Where expense is no object the cellar may 

 be made round, and the sides of brick raised 

 a few feel above the ground and covereti with 

 zinc, sheet iron, or tin, and some fancy orna- 

 ment t()r the top. 



A house 9 feet square in the clear, and 9 

 feet deep will hold 27 curt-loads, which will 



