No. 3. 



Green Crops— Steds of Plants — Millet. 



95 



Circeu Crops. 



Ma. Editor, — Of all the modes adopted 'o 

 enrich worn-out soils, the cheapest and the 

 surest is the plouffiiinj:^ in of lerreen crops. In 

 this process we need no assistance from tiic 

 chyinist to analyze tlie soil or tiie manure. 

 We can safely depend on the vegetable mat- 

 ter tliat has grown on the soil to nourish ano- 

 ther growth on the same, and if we plough 

 at the proper season, and completely subvert 

 the »od so as to cover this growth, termenta- 

 tion will be rapid cnougli lor our purpose, 

 and will pulverize the soil more completely 

 than repeated ploughings. 



To renovate mowing lands that have lain 

 80 long as to be filled with grass roots that 

 choke and obstruct the circulation of the 

 juices, they should be ploughed about the 

 first of September with a plough that lays the 

 furrow flat. If the land is poor, we spread 

 on ten or fifteen loads of compost manure — 

 roll the whole down close so as to leave no 

 cavities below the surface, then harrow length- 

 wise of the furrow at first, next harrow diago- 

 nally, but never cro.sswise. We then sow 

 our timothy and our redtop, and cover the 

 seed with a bush harrow. 



This is the only feasible mode of new-seed- 

 ing low, or wet lands, for we cannot meddle 

 with them in the spring, and if we could, the 

 cultiviitcd crops never repay the expense of 

 cultivation, and tlie lands are left heavier than 

 when we commenced. 



By adopting the process recommended, we 

 kill the growth of wild and sour grasses that 

 always are creeping into low grounds. We 

 have tlie benefit of a rolling green crop with- 

 out ilie expense of a fallow. We lay our. 

 land much more smooth tor the scythe than 

 we possibly ciui in the spring. We avoid 

 the expense of planting such land. We have 

 a bed of .soil that lies lighter than land that 

 has been tilled; and we do this at a most 

 leisure season, when our teams are strong 

 and when the expense of keeping is trifling 

 when compared with spring feeding. 



No clover should be sown at this season ; 

 that may be cast on after winter commences, 

 or on April snow; it will then be buried deep 

 enough, and will serve tor fall feeding. If 

 this process is repeated a few times, after 

 proper intervals, we should be under no ne- 

 cessity of manuring ! ! The old sod, turned 

 up, will make a sufficient compost for the 

 newly sown seed, and thus render our land 

 richer and riclier at every turn, provided we 

 anv grain. We arrive at tliis conclusion 

 from the ficl that the grasses do not exhaust 

 the M)il. For whether a field has lain three 

 years or six years in grass, we perceive not 

 the least difference in its richno.ss on plough- 

 ing it up to till ag:iin. Grass lanfls thould 



be occasionally ploughed, for they bi-come 

 choked up with the riKiLs ; tlio ground is bound 

 out, but not impoverished by feeding or by 

 mowintr. — Yankee Farmer. 



For the Farmers' Cabinet. 



Secdiii oi Plants. 



The seeds of plants contain the embryo, 

 or vital spark of the future plant, surrounded 

 by and enveloped in a suitable case contain- 

 ing oil, fari' a, or mucilago, adapted to the 

 nouri.^iimont and protection of the infant 

 plant, until i ;.cquires atre and viength to 

 send out ili^ fi.ie and delicate fibres of it« 

 rootei into uh ■ -iljicent soil, in search of nutri- 

 ment for I :. - ■£, , r .,,,., u|u f.l. 



The more paimp, full, and perfect the seeds 

 of plants are. tne more food they coulain for 

 the nourishnient of the plant in its infant 

 state, betbre it is weaned by being obliged to 

 seek its sub;~islence in the adjacent soil by 

 means t'v'if itu; fibres of its roots; and con- 

 sequenti/ lU constitution will be stronger 

 and better adapted to combat with future 

 difficulties in obtaining a subsistence during 

 the subsequent period of its existence. 



WLiWet, 



The more experience we have with this 

 production, the better are we pleased with it, 

 and the factor the deficiency of the pastures, 

 the present season, urges us to suggest the 

 propriety of firmers introducing its culture 

 into their respective systems of husbandry. 

 How fortunate would it be fitr those who are 

 now compelled to feed out their winter stock 

 of hay, had they been so fortunate as to flush 

 up a tew acres of their harvest fields, after 

 the grain was cut off| and put it down in 

 millet, to cut and feed to their stock. Two 

 acres of it in good ground, would yield grass 

 enough to soil twenty head of cattle six 

 week.s, and carry them in good condition into 

 the middle of autumn. Should such precau- 

 tion be taken in future, and the necessity for 

 the use of it as green food not occur, it could 

 be suffered to ripen its seed for market, the 

 which being threshed out, would leave a large 

 quantity of excellent provender to add to the 

 winter stock. 



But whether drought should occur or not, 

 if cut and given to the milch cows, from its 

 succulence and nutritious qualities, it would 

 greatly add to the yield and quality of the 

 milk and butter, and thereby increase the 

 revenue of the dairy. — Farmer (Sf Gardener. 



From the experience of others, do thou 

 learn wisdom, and from their feelings correct 

 thine own faults. 



