lS3o.] 



R n E K S ' R E C] I S T E R . 



29 



buds are beginning lo swell; tiien, fur busli roses, 

 cut out all tlie old wood and every shoot lo within 

 six or eight inches ot the surliice of the soil; this 

 uialerialiy streiigllieus the new shoois, and increa- 

 ses the size and beauty of iho llowers; it also 

 ])resents less space ibr the insects to dcposiie their 

 e^f^'s, and if tlie cuitinus are burned, destroys 

 nTany already laid. Climbing roses must only be 

 thinned out from the wiry, siraggling branches, and 

 slKii'tened a little, nailing or tyuig them neatly to 

 the trellis whicli Ibrms their sunj^ort. 



To prolong the bloom, pick otf every flower,with 

 the li'uit atiachetl, as soon as it has passed its per- 

 lection: this enables the other buds lo come tor- 

 ward, and prevents their turning yellow and per- 

 isliing. 



The insects which attack the rose are chiefly a 

 li;tle brown grub, which eats into the buds — this 

 can only be removed by picking; and the aphis, 

 or green tiy — a syringe and tobacco water will 

 desirov these, and even plain water, il li:equently 

 applied, v.'ill cause such disturbance among them 

 as lo prevent nuich mischief. 



The rose can hardly be i)Iaced anywhere with- 

 out being ornamental: but having myself planted 

 them as a hedge crowning a semicircular bank 

 which terminated a lav^^n, and kept them cut low, 

 so that the numerous blossoms reclined on the well- 

 mown grass, I cannot but recommend this style. 

 It may be also put in practice io form edgings 

 round oval or circular beds of flowers or grass 

 plots. A thick hedge of well-mingled sorl-s is al- 

 ways beautiful; and the eilect may be prolonged 

 by the old method of rubbing otf the buds of 

 every other plant as soon as they aj)pear; later 

 shoots will then be formed, which will only Hower 

 when their neighbors have finished. A hedge of 

 of this description on the grass banks surrounding 

 most of the houses in the countiy, would have a 

 very delightful appearance. 



*y . o^. Ji . 



From tha IVew York Farmer. 



MO?.'M0UTH AXD WIDDLliSSX AGUICULTU- 

 RAL, RAIL ROAJ3. SqUANCUM MARL. 



The legislature of New .Jersey, at the session 

 just terminated, incorporated a company to con- 

 si met a rail road iram the Delaware and Raritan 

 canal, at or near Scudder's mill, (which is near 

 Princeton,) lo the village of Freehold, (the coun- 

 ty town of Monmouth,) from thence to the marl 

 beds on Manasguan river; also a rail road from 

 the village of Freehold to tlie tide waters of Ra- 

 riian Bay, at Middletown Point, with a capital 

 of .9500,000, and a privilege of commencing the 

 v.'ork when ^385,000 shall be subscribed: andpro- 

 viding that the road shall be built within ten 

 years. These will be slriclly agricultural rail 

 roads, and tlie transportation of 'he valuable marls 

 will furnish the largest item of their income, al- 

 though the transportation of mineral coal, lime, 

 lumber, merchandise, passengers, and agricultural 

 produce of various kinds on said roads, will be 

 considerable. Time will not now permit me to go 

 into a detail of the many benefits to be derived 

 from the construction of these roads; and for the 

 present I can only advert to a few facts, and make 

 further particulars the subject of another commu- 

 niucation. 



A rep,ort o! a Geological Survey of New Jer- 

 sey, authorized by the legislature, and made by 

 Henry 1). Rogers, Prolessor of Geology and Min- 

 eralogy in the University of Pennsylvania, has 

 just been published, from which I shall give you 

 some e.xtracts, to show the astonishing fertilizing 

 properties ol' the maris to be transported on these 

 rail roads: "The high, and deservedl}' high, name 

 which the Squancum marl now boasts, was an in- 

 ducement to me to subject it to chemical exami- 

 natioii with esj;ecial care and rigor." "At the 

 pits, which are very extensive, the marl is sold at 

 the rate of 37^ cents the load. It is transported 

 in wagons lo a distance, in some directions, of 20 

 n)iles, and retaded, vvhen hauled that far, at the 

 rate of 10, or even 12| cents per bushel — being 

 very profitably sjiread on the soil at the rate of 2-5, 

 or even 20 bushels to the acre. The lact that so 

 small an amount of this marl is found efficacious 

 to the soil, which, after two or three dressings, is 

 permanently improved, and to a high pitch, by it, 

 furnishes me one consideration for supposing too 

 generally the marl is spread with a prodigality 

 surpassing all the necessities of the land. 



A specimen of the marl fi"om Thrap's lowest 

 layer, yielded me, after reiterated trials, uniformly 

 about the following lor its composition: — 



Dilica, 



Protoxide of Iron, 



Alumina, 



Lime, 



Potash, 



Water, 



4-3.40 

 21.60 



6.40 

 10.40 

 14.48 



4.40 in 100 irrains. 



"The quantity of potash is so remarkably great, 

 that I have been led to assure myself of the true 

 proportion by several analyses, proving the results 

 by adopting different modes of separating the pot- 

 ash." 



When these rail roads shall be made, vast 

 quanties of this marl maybe transported to distant 

 places on the Delaware and Raritan Canal and 

 the waters of Raritan Bay, the Hudson and East 

 Rivers, and afforded on any of the landings with- 

 in .50 or 60 miles of New York, for about 10 to 

 L5 cents per bushel, and I consider it decidedly 

 more valuable than leached ashes. 



CINCIKJVATUS. 



From Uie Genesee Farmer. 



GEOLOGICAL SURVKY OF THE STATE OF NEW 

 YORK. 



Agreeably to a resolution of the assembly of 

 last year, the Secretary of State has made a re- 

 port in a relation to a geological survey of the 

 state. He had been requested to report the most 

 expedient method of obtaining a scientific and per- 

 iect account of its rocks, soils, and minerals, and 

 of their localities; a list of all its mineralogical, 

 botanical, and zoological productions with speci- 

 mens; and an estimate of the expenses, including 

 the cost of publishing three thousand copies of 

 such report, with drawings and a geological map. 

 We consider it a very able state paper. 



The great importance attached to such investi- 

 gations may be better understood by some of our 

 readers, if we refer to the munificence of Stephen 

 Van Rensselaer, who employed Professor Eaton, 

 with assistants, four years in making a geological 



